Abstract:
:An exploratory subgroup analysis of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, forced-titration study comparing the efficacy and safety of once-daily olmesartan medoxomil (OM) and losartan potassium (LOS) in patients with stage 1 or stage 2 hypertension is reported. After a 3- to 4-week placebo run-in period, eligible patients received once-daily OM (weeks 1-4, 20 mg; weeks 5-8, 40 mg), placebo plus OM (weeks 1-2, placebo; weeks 3-4, OM 20 mg; weeks 5-8, OM 40 mg), or LOS (weeks 1-4, 50 mg; weeks 5-8, 100 mg). A subset of patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Efficacy endpoints by hypertension stage were mean change from baseline in seated cuff diastolic BP (SeDBP) at week 8 (primary); seated cuff systolic BP (SeSBP) at week 4 and week 8, and SeDBP at week 4 (secondary); and the change from baseline in mean 24-hour ambulatory BP at week 8, and BP target achievement (tertiary). At week 8, patients with stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension had least-squares mean SeDBP reductions from baseline of 9.9 and 9.5 mm Hg, respectively, for OM treatment, and 6.9 and 7.3 mm Hg for LOS treatment (P = 0.0095 and P = 0.0035, respectively). Overall, 63.6% of patients with stage 1 hypertension treated with OM versus 47.3% treated with LOS (P = 0.0095) achieved an SeBP of < 140/90 mm Hg, while 36.1% of patients with stage 2 hypertension treated with OM versus 25.2% treated with LOS (P = 0.0022) achieved an SeBP of < 140/90 mm Hg. At week 8, OM-treated patients with stage 2 hypertension had a significantly greater reduction in least-squares mean 24-hour ambulatory BP versus LOS-treated patients. Olmesartan and LOS were well tolerated, and the most common treatment-emergent adverse event was headache. Once-daily, maximum doses of OM in patients with stage 1 or stage 2 hypertension achieved superior BP reductions versus LOS, with similar tolerability.
journal_name
Postgrad Medjournal_title
Postgraduate medicineauthors
Flack JM,Graff A,Li W,Chavanu KJdoi
10.3810/pgm.2012.05.2549subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-01 00:00:00pages
59-70issue
3eissn
0032-5481issn
1941-9260journal_volume
124pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验abstract::Management of the acutely poisoned patient should start with decontamination of the skin and irrigation of the eyes, if necessary, and assessment of cardiorespiratory status, neurologic status, and pupils and eye movement. If a definable toxic syndrome is present, the specific "antidote" should be given. If no such sy...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1982.11716063
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considering that over half of Americans will die from cardiovascular disease, the over-whelming majority of those deaths being from atherosclerosis, we need to accept and act on the vast body of information derived from investigation of coronary risk factors. Identification of persons at risk needs to be done early--w...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1984.11698776
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nasal congestion is considered the most bothersome of allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms and can significantly impair ability to function at work, home, and school. Effective management of AR-related nasal congestion depends on accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Many individuals with AR and AR-related congesti...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2009.01.1961
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increased utilization of diagnostic procedures has prompted interest in cost-effective laboratory testing. Clinically useful tests-useful in the sense that the patient benefits-are cost effective. The choice of test(s) is determined by the risks and benefits of proposed management. In practice, the first step in c...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1981.11715687
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Is the degree of risk involved in providing health care to people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acceptable? Every health care worker, even if only for a few anxious minutes, has certainly worried about this risk. Drs Wilson, Williams, and Robinson discuss these concerns and summarize the indications...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1990.11704737
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human growth and development are a continuum starting at conception. Prenatal growth can only be estimated at present but is an important consideration in an evaluation of a child's developmental status. Postnatal growth can be assessed for size attained (distance curve) or change over time (velocity curve). Velocity ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1977.11714699
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Not all of the costs of private practice, particularly those related to government regulation, are within your control. However, there are steps, both large and small, that you can take to get fees under control and to eliminate or reduce expenditures. Dr Orient suggests a number of these. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::High blood pressure is unquestionably a risk factor for premature morbidity and mortality, especially from coronary artery disease and stroke. Risk of clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease increases dramatically if other risk factors, such as a history of cigarette smoking, hypercholesterolemia, left vent...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1989.11704482
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients "lucky" enough to have a nondisabling transient ischemic attack as a warning sign of impending stroke deserve the best possible prophylactic treatment in an attempt to avert that catastrophe. Dr Edmeads provides a step-by-step discussion of diagnostic studies and therapeutic regimens that help avoid stroke in...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1992.11701427
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is a leading contributor to the burden of cardiovascular disease. The importance of lowering blood pressure (BP) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events has been demonstrated in numerous clinical trials. Most patients require combination antihypertensive therapy utilizing agents from complementary dru...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2009.03.1974
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The patient with jaundice may be accurately diagnosed through clinical history, physical findings, and noninvasive laboratory and radiologic examinations available in most community hospitals. Ultrasonography is usually the procedure of choice in initial evaluation, but if acute cholecystitis is suspected, hepatobilia...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A concerted national effort has reduced cardiovascular mortality rates in the general US population. Unfortunately, not all ethnic groups have benefited equally from these improvements in our national health. The author presents insights into social and clinical factors that affect cardiovascular disease among Hispani...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1992.11701252
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some patients with severe and chronic pain fail to obtain adequate pain relief with standard pharmacologic treatment agents, including low to moderate dosages of opioids. Understandably, physicians might not believe patients who claim that a standard opioid dosage is an ineffective treatment. These patients may be sev...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2014.996110
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With increased survival of increasing numbers of cancer patients as a result of therapy, the consequences, early and late, of the therapies must be realized. It is the treating physician's duty to preserve as much reproductive potential as possible for patients, consistent with adequate care. With radiotherapy this me...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1979.11715159
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eradication of H pylori and cure of peptic ulcer disease are possible if effective regimens are used correctly. Treatment markedly improves clinical outcomes and significantly decreases cost of care. As primary care physicians take a larger role in management of these infections, they need to understand the importance...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1998.03.423
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overuse syndrome and peripheral nerve entrapment syndromes arise in work situations in which the body is stressed beyond its limits by cumulative, repetitive trauma. These syndromes arise in some nonwork situations as well. When such an injury occurs, prompt diagnosis, treatment, and retraining aid in returning the em...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1987.11700031
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the proportion and the long-term prognostic significance of heart failure (HF) in sarcoidosis patients. METHODS:Data extracted from a large Israeli healthcare provider's database were used to study sarcoidosis patients and matched non-sarcoidosis controls since 2000 to 2016. The proportion of HF ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2020.1832773
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anemia is one of the consistent findings with inflammation. Whether the anemia is helpful or harmful in the general context of the illness is unclear. It may be recognized by demonstration of iron-deficient erythropoiesis due to an internal block in iron supply. Only when its severity is disproportionate to the severi...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1978.11714951
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Established postsplenectomy sepsis syndrome, although infrequent, may carry a mortality rate of over 90%. Pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) has been the infective organism in more than 50% of published cases. Certain groups, such as infants, patients with hematologic malignancy, and those with compromised humora...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1985.11699039
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psoriasis, like diabetes, is a multifactorial genetic disease with complex interactions of deranged metabolism. Factors that affect epidermal differentiation and proliferation include cyclic nucleotide interactions, polyamine metabolism, cell surface--cytoskeleton interactions, and arachidonic acid--prostaglandin casc...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1980.11715476
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prompt and accurate diagnosis of patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is of outmost importance as delays in identifying this clinical entity have detrimental effects on both morbidity and mortality. Initial noninvasive assessment of these patients has traditionally incl...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.2016.1115715
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fact that atopic dermatitis is such a common medical problem underlies the need for better understanding of the basic disease processes and the development of new therapeutic approaches. Infection is now recognized as an important exacerbating factor, and the role of inflammatory and immunologic mediators is recei...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1984.11698671
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preview Severe metabolic complications of diabetes mellitus are a common cause of morbidity and death in both type I and type II disease. The distinctions between diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic state are clearly defined, and accurate recognition is important for proper treatment. This article focuse...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1996.11946141
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prescription opioid analgesics are an important treatment option for patients with chronic pain; however, misuse, abuse and diversion of these medications are a major global public health concern. Prescription opioid analgesics can be abused via intended and non-intended routes of administration, both intact or after ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.2016.1120642
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Naloxone is indicated for reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression. The objective of this study is to evaluate patterns of naloxone use in hospitalized patients. METHODS:Retrospective chart review at the University of California, San Diego Health. Subjects included adults ≥18 years old who were adm...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2017.1263139
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radioisotope scanning is an invaluable aid in determining whether a palpable thyroid nodule is benign or malignant. In many cases, however, precise diagnosis is impossible without needle biopsy or surgical exploration. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1977.11714543
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colonic cancer remains a major cause of death because diagnosis is usually delayed. Improved methods for earlier detection will maximize the patient's chances for survival. At present, surgery offers the greatest possibility of cure, but even in those instances where less than definitive resection is possible, there i...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1975.11714014
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Review of: Wallentin L, Becker RC, Budaj A, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Eng J Med 2009; 361(11): 1045-1057. For acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a dual antiplatelet regimen comprised of treatment with aspirin and either P2Y12 adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonist...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2016.1118351
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma is treated by avoiding the precipitants of symptoms, by a trial of hyposensitization (immunotherapy) if the precipitant cannot be avoided, and principally by pharmacologic therapy. Acute attacks have been most widely treated with epinephrine, but adrenergic aerosol bronchodilators and aminophylline are being us...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1976.11714330
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recurrent herpes simplex labialis (HSL), also known as orofacial herpes or cold sores, is a common clinical presentation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. It may manifest as painful, distressing, and cosmetically displeasing vesicles on the lips, nose, and nasal septum. Although oral or topical treatment with a...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.09.2216
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00