Use of solid phase microextraction to estimate toxicity: relating fiber concentrations to toxicity--part I.

abstract：:Freshwater organisms are increasingly exposed to combinations of stressors. However, because it is time-consuming and costly, research on the interaction of stressors, such as compound toxicity and global warming on vertebrates, is scarce. Studies on multigenerational effects of these combined stressors are almost non...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Philippe C,Hautekiet P,Grégoir AF,Thoré ESJ,Pinceel T,Stoks R,Brendonck L,Boeck G

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental factors, in particular temperature, have been shown to affect the toxicity of chemicals. In the present study the authors exposed the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to five concentrations of Cd (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg Cd/L agar) at four constant temperatures (11, 15, 18, and 21°C) and monitored survival ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Nørhave NJ,Spurgeon D,Svendsen C,Cedergreen N

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nineteen adjuvants, many used as surfactants for aquatic herbicide applications, were applied in static bioassay to bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) for 96 h to determine median lethal concentrations (LC50). Surfactants are added to the tank mix as a percentage (v/v) of the total volume, in contrast to herbicide...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Haller WT,Stocker RK

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biofilms can make good bioindicators and biomarkers, offering a convenient tool to monitor metal contamination in streams that results from mine tailing sites. Biofilm metal content (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) as well as diatom diversity and the presence of teratologies (diatom abnormalities) were determined for biofilms from ri...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Leguay S,Lavoie I,Levy JL,Fortin C

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To develop a multimetal toxicity model requires insight into the relationships between the composition of metal mixtures and their toxicological effects on organisms. As a first step in developing such a model, quantitative data from binary and higher mixture studies of Cu, Cd, and Zn were compiled and used to assess ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Vijver MG,Elliott EG,Peijnenburg WJ,de Snoo GR

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmaceuticals released into aquatic systems are expected to sorb to sediments to varying degrees. Their sorption is likely to influence their fate and, ultimately, the risk they pose to aquatic organisms. This has led to the European Medicines Agency requiring an assessment of affinity to solids, using batch sorptio...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Williams M,Ong PL,Williams DB,Kookana RS

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of Spartina alterniflora to degrade tributyltin (TBT) in contaminated dredge spoils was investigated in a created wetland at Little Creek Naval Amphibious Base in Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Concentrations of TBT up to 250 ng/g did not inhibit S. alterniflora growth over a 16-month period. Disappearance rates ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Anderson BA,Unger MA,Moore KA

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The degradation rate of sodium fluoroacetate (SFA) was assessed in a laboratory microcosm study incorporating 3 New Zealand soil types under different temperature (5 °C, 10 °C, or 20 °C) and soil moisture (35% or 60% water holding capacity) conditions using guideline 307 from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Northcott G,Jensen D,Ying L,Fisher P

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seeking to make greater use of available data for risk assessment of substances, we constructed, for the situation in which chronic data are limited or even nonexistent but acute data are relatively large, an acute to chronic transformation (ACT) methodology based on the concept of species sensitivity distributions (S...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Duboudin C,Ciffroy P,Magaud H

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bioaccumulation of current use pesticides (CUPs) and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen were investigated in vegetation-caribou-wolf food chain in the Bathurst region (Nunavut, Canada). Volumetric bioconcentration factors (BCF(v)) in vegetation were generally greatest for dacthal (10-12) ≥ endosulfan sulfate (...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Morris AD,Muir DC,Solomon KR,Teixeira C,Duric M,Wang X

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are bioaccumulative, persistent organic pollutants used as flame retardants in consumer goods. Concentrations of PBDEs in North American wildlife have been increasing for decades and been shown to have estrogenic effects on sexual development. No studies, however, have examined t...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Van Schmidt ND,Cary TL,Ortiz-Santaliestra ME,Karasov WH

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous chemical in the environment and potentially harmful to plants. However, relevant studies of the effects of BPA on plants are relatively scarce. In the present work, the effects of BPA on the biomass (fresh wt and dry wt), absorptive function (activity and absorptive area), and mineral...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Nie L,Wang L,Wang Q,Wang S,Zhou Q,Huang X

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally assumed that as long as the majority of species experiences no direct adverse effects attributable to a single substance (i.e., potentially affected fraction [PAF] <5%), no significant structural or functional effects at the community level are expected to occur. Whether this assumption holds for mixed...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Van Regenmortel T,Van de Perre D,Janssen CR,De Schamphelaere KAC

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted a seasonal study of the uptake of Cd, Se(IV), and Zn by natural phytoplankton assemblages collected from two locations in Hong Kong coastal waters. Marine phytoplankton in Port Shelter was dominated by diatoms and cyanobacteria, while phytoplankton in Tolo Harbour was dominated by dinoflagellates. The nat...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Wang WX,Dei RC,Hong H

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylmercury is the predominant chemical form of mercury reported in the eggs of wild birds, and the embryo is the most sensitive life stage to methylmercury toxicity. Protective guidelines have been based mainly on captive-breeding studies with chickens (Gallus gallus), mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), and ring-necked...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Stebbins KR,Klimstra JD,Eagles-Smith CA,Ackerman JT,Heinz GH

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Development of a terrestrial biotic ligand model (TBLM) for higher plants requires a root-Cu accumulation value that corresponds to the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). However, it is not yet known which of the two previously reported Cu-binding ligands on the root is associated with Cu toxicity. The aim of the pr...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Antunes PM,Hale BA,Ryan AC

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental contaminants can interfere with hormonal regulation in both vertebrates and invertebrates, and these contaminants may disrupt the endocrine system of human and other organisms. Evidence is growing that contaminants may be partly responsible for the observed increase of disease in marine organisms by adve...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Thilagam H,Gopalakrishnan S,Bo J,Wang KJ

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitellogenin (VTG) induction has proved to be a valuable biomarker for assessing exposure to environmental estrogens in fish. The widespread use of VTG in this regard has lead to the need for standardized assays to quantify VTG, and monoclonal antibodies have the potential to help accomplish this. A VTG enzyme-linked ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Tyler CR,van Aerle R,Nilsen MV,Blackwell R,Maddix S,Nilsen BM,Berg K,Hutchinson TH,Goksøyr A

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zinc sulfide clusters were synthesized and characterized at low micromolar concentrations to assess the effect of metal-sulfide ligands on metal toxicity to aquatic organisms in oxic environments. Recommended preparation times are greater than 2 h initial reaction of equimolar sodium sulfide and zinc nitrate, followed...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Bowles LC,Bell RA,Ernste MJ,Kramer JR,Manolopoulos H,Ogden N

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paralytic shellfish toxins are secondary metabolites produced by several species of dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria. Known targets of these toxins, which typically occur at detrimental concentrations during harmful algal blooms, include voltage-gated ion channels in humans and other mammals. However, the effects of ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Cusick KD,Wetzel RK,Minkin SC Jr,Dodani SC,Wilhelm SW,Sayler GS

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study evaluated the effects of field metal contamination on sperm motility and the RNA/DNA ratio in echinoderms. Populations of Asterias rubens and Echinus acutus that occur naturally along a contamination gradient of sediments by cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in a Norwegian fjord (the Sørfjord) were stu...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Catarino AI,Cabral HN,Peeters K,Pernet P,Punjabi U,Dubois P

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the public literature and available guidance documents on the conduct of freshwater whole-sediment toxicity identification and evaluations (TIEs) detail the use of test organisms and amending agents that are readily available in North America. These commonly used test organisms and the supported amending agent...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Mehler WT,Keough MJ,Pettigrove V

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental pollution with natural or synthetic estrogens may pose a serious threat to reproduction of wildlife species. This study describes the effects of 17-alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2) on fish reproductive organs in a laboratory model. Adult zebrafish were semistatically exposed to nominal concentrations of 0, 1...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Van den Belt K,Wester PW,van der Ven LT,Verheyen R,Witters H

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Australia, the collection of estuarine invertebrates from the field for whole-sediment toxicity tests is hindered because of temporal variability in their population densities and distributions. The present study aimed to develop culturing procedures for Melita plumulosa (Zeidler), an epibenthic and intertidal, dep...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Hyne RV,Gale SA,King CK

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in surface sediments from 121 locations within the Southern California Bight. Site selection was based on a probabilistic approach to determine the spatial extent and magnitude of PBDE concentrations with known confidence intervals. Coastal embayments (including est...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Dodder NG,Maruya KA,Lauenstein GG,Ramirez J,Ritter KJ,Schiff KC

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are emerging contaminants that have been found ubiquitously in wastewater and surface waters around the world. A major source of these compounds is incomplete metabolism in humans and subsequent excretion in human waste, resulting in discharge into surface waters by w...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Niemuth NJ,Jordan R,Crago J,Blanksma C,Johnson R,Klaper RD

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mercury (Hg) contamination of aquatic ecosystems is a global environmental problem. Data are abundant on Hg contamination and factors that affect its bioaccumulation in lake communities, but comparatively little information on riverine ecosystems exists. The present study examines fish Hg concentrations of the Lower R...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Smith A,Abuzeineh AA,Chumchal MM,Bonner TH,Nowlin WH

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organophosphate and carbamate compounds are among the most widely used pesticides. Contamination of surface water by these compounds is of concern because of potential toxicity to aquatic organisms, especially those at lower trophic levels. In this study we evaluated the persistence of diazinon, chlorpyrifos, malathio...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Bondarenko S,Gan J,Haver DL,Kabashima JN

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aerial spray prediction model AgDRIFT embodies the computational engine found in the near-wake Lagrangian model AGricultural DISPersal (AGDISP) but with several important features added that improve the speed and accuracy of its predictions. This article summarizes those changes, describes the overall analytical a...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Teske ME,Bird SL,Esterly DM,Curbishley TB,Ray SL,Perry SG

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sorption of chemical substances to nanoparticles (NPs) in the aqueous phase strongly influences NP physicochemisty, and investigations of these complex interactions can provide important insights into the environmental fate of NPs. The objective of the present study was to use differences in copper (Cu) bioavailabilit...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Patsiou D,Kalman J,Fernandes TF,Henry TB

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00