Abstract:
:The objective of the present study was to perform histological and stereological examination of alcohol-induced changes in the optic nerve, considered an extension of white matter of the brain, in rats. This study included 20 male Wistar albino rats aged 60 days and weighing 190-220 g. The rats were divided into three groups: ethanol ( n = 7), maltodextrin ( n = 7), and control ( n = 6) groups. The ethanol group was administered ethanol at a dose of 6.4% (v/v) instead of water for 18 days; the maltodextrin group received maltodextrin for the same time period, and the control group was the sham group. At the end of the experiment, a 0.5-mm long section of the optic nerve starting from the optic chiasma was dissected and examined with routine microscopic histological examination methods. The modified Cavalieri method was used for stereological measurement. Total tissue area ratios were calculated with a point grid provided by the Shtereom 1.5 software package. The statistical comparison of the groups revealed that the ethanol group had a significant reduction in the number of axons and sheath area of the optic nerve compared to the control and maltodextrin groups ( p < 0.017, p < 0.022, respectively). These results indicate the toxic effects of ethanol on the optic nerve.
journal_name
Hum Exp Toxicoljournal_title
Human & experimental toxicologyauthors
Igit T,Colcimen Ndoi
10.1177/0960327119828123subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-01 00:00:00pages
610-615issue
5eissn
0960-3271issn
1477-0903journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Lipid peroxidation is one of the main manifestations of oxidative damage and has been found to play an important role in the toxicity and carcinogenicity of many xenobiotics. In the present study, we investigated the possible induction of lipid peroxidation by aluminium in human foreskin fibroblast cultures by assayin...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032701682693053
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the pituitary-testicular axis in a well-characterized population which was occupationally exposed to mercury vapour. Thyroid stimulating hormone and prolactin were also measured as indices of thyroid and pituitary endocrine function. We found no relation between blood or urine mercury levels or le...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719101000309
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Alveolar macrophages efficiently phagocytize particles deposited in the alveolar part of the lung. Phagolysosomal pH in alveolar macrophages from rabbits, dogs, baboons and guinea pigs is around 5 pH units. A low pH is of importance for clearance of inorganic particles and probably also for defence against bacteria...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719401300307
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins are potentially toxic compounds which occur widely in the environment. Their effects on the growth and development of infants at the levels currently found in highly industrialised western countries is not well known. This Dutch multicenter study, combining animal and human...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1177/096032719401301213
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the transforming growth factor (TGF) family have emerged as critical contributors to the choreography of cellular and tissue interactions underlying morphogenesis of the orofacial region. The TGFs beta, and their downstream effector molecules, the Smads, play a pivotal role in normal as well as abnormal dev...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1191/0960327105ht492oa
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic is a naturally occurring environmental toxicant, chronic exposure to arsenic can cause multiorgan damage, except for typical skin lesions, liver damage is the main problem for health concern in population with arsenic poisoning. Abnormal apoptosis is closely related to liver-related diseases, and p53 is one of...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120988880
更新日期:2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::1. Methylxanthines, ACTH and stress are well known to produce testicular pathology (e.g. seminiferous tubule atrophy). Methylxanthines, ACTH and stress alter hormone secretion, particularly from the pituitary-adrenocortical system. Consequently, it has recently been suggested that there may be a causal relationship be...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719201100611
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fixed-dose procedure (FDP) was introduced as OECD Test Guideline 420 in 1992, as an alternative to the conventional median lethal dose (LD50) test for the assessment of acute oral toxicity (OECD Test Guideline 401). The FDP uses fewer animals and causes less suffering than the conventional test, while providing in...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327102ht239oa
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of bovine pulmonary endothelial (BPE) cells were exposed to LC70 doses of ricin or abrin (15.5 and 4.5 pM respectively) over a period of up to 40 h. The viability of the cultures (as determined by the neutral red (NR) dye retention assay) declined after 6 h exposure to the toxins. From 15 h onwards, cellular ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719601500513
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of households in rural India still rely on unprocessed solid biomass for domestic energy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether chronic exposure to biomass smoke causes activation of leukocytes and the formation of leukocyte-platelet aggregates. We conducted flow cytometric analysis of beta2 Ma...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327106074603
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to investigate the possible roles of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin on the changes of cardiac muscle function in both hyper- and hypodynamic septic shock periods. Cecal ligation and puncture was performed in 50 Wistar albino rats to induce septic shock. Changes in atrium and right ventricle papillary muscle...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327115583363
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic mercury exposure impairs vascular function, leading to the depression of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. Loss of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway has been implicated, but little is known about effects on other endothelial mediators. This study investigated the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in rats s...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110391389
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Naringenin is a naturally occurring flavanones and has been found to exhibit free radical scavenging, enzyme inhibition, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Present study was designed to evaluate the protective role of naringenin against benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-induced oxidative stress and pulmo...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327116650009
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein from the fasciclin family that guides cellular trafficking and extracellular matrix organization. Periostin stimulates mature cardiomyocytes to reenter the cell cycle. The molecular mechanism behind such stimulation remains to be explored. A DNA microarray technology consti...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327118802617
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clobenpropit, an H( 3) receptor antagonist, has been reported to modulate both the release of neurotransmitters and also the activity of histidine decarboxylase (HDC). Therefore, a decarboxylase-positive modulator, namely pyridoxine, was taken for interaction studies with clobenpropit in the electroshock (ES) model of...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110372398
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many industrial and agricultural chemicals have steroid hormone agonist or antagonist activities and disrupt hormone-regulated gene expression. The widely-used agricultural insecticide, diazinon, was evaluated using MCF-7 cells - a breast cancer-derived, estrogen-dependent, human cell line - to examine the capacity of...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327106ht593oa
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) is widely available in many over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions or medicated oils for the relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains. Ingestion of methyl salicylate poses the threat of severe, rapid-onset salicylate poisoning because of its liquid, concentrated form and...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096032719601500905
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::9-(4'-Aminophenyl)-9H-pyrido [3,4-b] indole (aminophenylnorharman, APNH) is a novel mutagenic heterocyclic amine, produced by the reaction of norharman with aniline in the presence of S9 mix. In the present study, the maternal and developmental toxicity of APNH were investigated in ICR mice administered oral doses of ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327102ht227oa
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have proposed the use of low concentrations of phytochemicals and combinations of phytochemicals in chemoprevention to reduce cytotoxicity and simulate normal ingestion through diet. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether the DNA damage, chromosome instability, and oxidative stress ind...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112468911
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulphur is an essential micronutrient required by the body in low concentrations, but its high intake can lead to a serious health hazard. Sulphur compounds are reported to induce several toxic responses in animals, but so far no reports are available on the toxic effects of elemental sulphur, following dietary supple...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327104ht435oa
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence has shown that ethanol-induced iron overload plays a crucial role in the development and progression of alcoholic liver disease. We designed the present study to investigate the potential protective effect of quercetin, a naturally occurring iron-chelating antioxidant on alcoholic iron overload a...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327113499168
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of functional endometrial tissue in other pelvic organs. This gynecologic problem occurs in 35-50% of women with pain and infertility. Endometriotic cells share some characteristics such as proliferation, migration, and invasion with tumor cells. Pyrvinium pamoate, an ant...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327119896612
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenomenon of subtoxic stimulation of organism response is not uncommon in aquatic toxicology experiments. We describe the presence of hormesis in both growth and reproduction experiments in aquatic toxicology where these responses are observed in both animals and plants and at different trophic levels of an ecosy...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096032719801700505
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, genotoxic activities of four halogenated anesthetics (halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane) were investigated in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and sperm cells in vitro by alkaline comet assay. For this purpose, sperm or lymphocyte suspension was exposed to different concentratio...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112446818
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterococcus faecalis is a facultative anaerobic gram-positive commensal bacterium common in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of heat-killed E. faecalis EF-2001 (EF-2001) on acute gastric ulcer using a murine model of ethanol (EtOH)-induced acute ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327119899987
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) acts as the major hepatic basolateral uptake system, and plays a key role in balancing bile flow. The anti-tuberculosis drugs rifampin (RFP) can affect bile flow causing liver injury, while tanshinone IIA (TAN IIA) has the effect of protecting liver. This study ai...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120979030
更新日期:2020-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::After acknowledging Renn's careful investigation and valuable insights, this paper expands on some issues that have been somewhat neglected in his account. It addresses the relationship between risk, uncertainity and ignorance in risk assessment, focusing in particular on the need to recognize that framing assumptions...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1191/0960327103ht315oa
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:A single dose of monocrotaline, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, was injected into rats in order to produce 25 (Group I) and 45 (Group II) days later a progressive and so called delayed liver injury. The present study investigated the prostanoid production of Kupffer cells and endothelial cells separated from Monoc...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719801701007
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the main clinical concern resulted from ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Ample clinical data indicates that AKI is associated with distant organ dysfunctions and poor patients' outcomes. Oxidative stress and inflammation have a critical role in the pathogenesis of organ injurie...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120979014
更新日期:2020-12-16 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) were the most common agents associated with a significant morbidity and mortality rate. The main objective of this study was to examine the publication pattern related to CCBs poisoning at the global level using bibliometric analysis of articles published in SciVerse Scopus onlin...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327115571768
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00