[Olive Oil and Body Weight. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials].

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Olive oil, as fundamental fat in the Mediterranean diet, has contributed to a decrease in obesity in several epidemiological studies. It is unknown whether olive oil itself can decrease the weight independently of the diet used. The objective of this work was to determine the efficacy of olive oil in reducing weight. METHODS:Systematic review of meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of at least 12 weeks of intervention on adults without previous cardiovascular events to estimate the effect of an olive-enriched diet on weight, waist and body mass index. The search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane plus, Web of Science, Ovid, Scopus, Virtual Health Library (BVS), Theses and Dissertations Online (TDX) until December 2016. No language, gender or underlying pathology was restricted. We used Stata14 SE for data synthesis. RESULTS:490 studies were identified, of which only 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. A diet enriched in olive oil reduced weight more than control diet: -0.92 kg, 95% CI (-1.16, -0.67), p heterogeneity = 0.1; decreased waist circumference in -0.60 cm, 95% CI (-1.17, -0.04), p heterogeneity = 0.6; and diminished BMI in -0.90, 95% CI (-0.91, -0.88), p heterogeneity < 0.001. The benefits were seen when olive oil was supplemented in its natural state and not when capsules were given. CONCLUSIONS:A diet enriched with olive oil can be an important weight control strategy in people without previous cardiovascular events. OBJETIVO:El aceite de oliva, grasa fundamental de la dieta mediterránea, ha contribuido a un descenso de la obesidad en diversos estudios epidemiológicos. Se desconoce si por sí mismo puede disminuir el peso con independencia de la dieta utilizada. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la eficacia del aceite de oliva en la reducción ponderal. METODOS:Revisión sistemática con metaanálisis de ensayos controlados aleatorizados (ECA) de al menos 12 semanas de intervención sobre adultos sin eventos cardiovasculares previos, para estimar el efecto de una dieta enriquecida con aceite de oliva sobre el peso, cintura e índice de masa corporal. La búsqueda se realizó en PubMed, Embase, Cochrane plus, Web of Science, Ovid, Scopus, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), Tesis Doctorales en Red (TDR), hasta diciembre de 2016. No se restringió idioma, sexo ni patología de base. Utilizamos Stata14 SE para la síntesis de datos. RESULTADOS:Se identificaron 490 estudios, de ellos sólo 11 estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Una dieta enriquecida con aceite de oliva redujo más el peso que una dieta control -0,92 kg, IC 95% (-1,16,-0,67), p heterogeneidad =0,1; disminuyó la cintura en -0,60 cm, IC 95% (-1,17,-0,04), p heterogeneidad = 0,6; y descendió el IMC en -0,90, IC 95% (-0,91, -0,88), p heterogeneidad < 0,001. El efecto favorable fue cuando el aceite se suplementó de forma líquida y no con cápsulas. CONCLUSIONES:Una dieta enriquecida con aceite de oliva puede ser una importante estrategia de control ponderal en personas sin eventos cardiovasculares previos.

journal_name

Rev Esp Salud Publica

authors

Zamora Zamora F,Martínez Galiano JM,Gaforio Martínez JJ,Delgado Rodríguez M

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-11-21 00:00:00

eissn

1135-5727

issn

2173-9110

journal_volume

92

pub_type

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