General Relative Rate Models for the Analysis of Studies Using Case-Cohort Designs.

abstract：:While studies show that ultrafine and fine particles can be translocated from the lungs to the central nervous system, the possible neurodegenerative effect of air pollution remains largely unexplored. The authors examined the relation between black carbon, a marker for traffic particles, and cognition among 202 Bosto...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Suglia SF,Gryparis A,Wright RO,Schwartz J,Wright RJ

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies suggest that both active and passive smokers have an increased risk of breast cancer compared with women who have never been either actively or passively exposed. Data on lifetime active and passive smoking were collected in 1999-2000 from 468 predominantly premenopausal breast cancer patients diagnosed...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kropp S,Chang-Claude J

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation of blood pressure, serum cholesterol, plasma fibrinogen, and coagulation factor VIIc with skinfold thickness at four sites (forearm, triceps, suprailiac, and subscapular) was examined in 2,948 white participants in the Northwick Park Heart Study. When considered separately, all four skinfolds were signifi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Haines AP,Imeson JD,Meade TW

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the most striking epidemiologic characteristics of prostatic cancer in the United States is the sizeable excess in rates for the disease among blacks as compared with whites. This study attempted to determine whether the higher black rates might be explained by controlling for social class, using mortality data ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ernster VL,Selvin S,Sacks ST,Austin DF,Brown SM,Winkelstein W Jr

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the mediation mechanisms by which an exposure or intervention affects an outcome can provide a look into what has been called a "black box" of many epidemiologic associations, thereby providing further evidence of a relationship and possible points of intervention. Rapid methodologic developments in medi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rudolph KE,Goin DE,Paksarian D,Crowder R,Merikangas KR,Stuart EA

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examines the familial clustering and relative influence of genetic and environmental effects on postterm birth in the Swedish population by considering all full- and half-siblings born in Sweden between 1992 and 2004. Of the eligible 475,429 births, 21% occurred after 41 completed weeks and 5.5% occurred af...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Oberg AS,Frisell T,Svensson AC,Iliadou AN

更新日期：2013-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Senile macular degeneration is a leading cause of visual loss in the United States, England, and probably many other industrialized countries. The clinical manifestations of this disease include: drusen, atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium, serous detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium, subretinal neovascu...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ferris FL 3rd

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies investigating antenatal caffeine consumption and reproductive outcomes show conflicting results, and most studies have used maternal self-reported caffeine consumption to estimate fetal exposure. This study (n=1,606) was specifically designed to test the association of caffeine and its primary metabolites in u...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Grosso LM,Triche EW,Belanger K,Benowitz NL,Holford TR,Bracken MB

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship of cigarette-smoking and nonfatal myocardial infarction (AMI) was evaluated using the case-control approach. Overall, the association was present for smokers of one and two packs per day, the standardized rate-ratio estimates being 1.5 and 1.7, respectively. The association was strongest in those who ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Miettinen OS,Neff RK,Jick H

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study investigated the prevalence of antibodies to five leading agents of childhood respiratory disease in the county of Huixquilucan, Mexico. Tests of sera from a random sample of children between 3 months and 18 years of age confirmed serologically the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial (RS...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Golubjatnikov R,Allen VD,Olmos-Blancarte MP,Inhorn SL

更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors conducted descriptive and case-control studies to find factors associated with earthquake deaths due to the Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake on January 17, 1995, in Nishinomiya, Japan. In the case-control study, cases included all 1,104 deaths. Controls were randomly selected from survivors. Earthquake morta...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Osaki Y,Minowa M

更新日期：2001-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have reported an increased risk of multiple myeloma associated with excess body weight. We investigated the risk of multiple myeloma in relation to separate measures of adiposity and energy balance at different ages in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, a large prospective co...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hofmann JN,Moore SC,Lim U,Park Y,Baris D,Hollenbeck AR,Matthews CE,Gibson TM,Hartge P,Purdue MP

更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In Australia, as in many industrialized countries, the past 50 years have been marked by increasing female labor-force participation. It is popularly speculated that this might impose a mental-health burden on women and their children. This analysis aimed to examine the associations between household labor-force parti...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： King TL,Shields M,Byars S,Kavanagh AM,Craig L,Milner A

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To define better the epidemiology and clinical impact of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection among hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers in less developed countries, the authors prospectively studied a cohort of 216 Yucpa Indian HBV carriers in Venezuela. HBV carriers were followed regularly between 1983 and 1988 by phys...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hadler SC,Alcala de Monzon M,Rivero D,Perez M,Bracho A,Fields H

更新日期：1992-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the December 1952 smog disaster in London, a substantial increase in mortality was closely associated with the increase in air pollution. Deaths from cardiovascular causes were elevated as well as respiratory deaths. The increase was greatest in the elderly. Hospital admissions were increased for both respiratory a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Schwartz J,Morris R

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence from animal and cell models suggests that pesticides cause a neurodegenerative process leading to Parkinson's disease (PD). Human data are insufficient to support this claim for any specific pesticide, largely because of challenges in exposure assessment. The authors developed and validated an exposure assess...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Costello S,Cockburn M,Bronstein J,Zhang X,Ritz B

更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This report of the worldwide distribution of two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans was drawn from data on 628 clinical isolates and from data on 97 additional isolates from other laboratories. Tests showed that 100% of the cultures from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, and Ja...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kwon-Chung KJ,Bennett JE

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the past decade, the infection control nurse (ICN) has become an important element in organized infection surveillance and control programs. Before 1970, only a few hospitals (6%) had an ICN, but, by 1977, over 80% had hired at least one ICN, the majority of those hospitals having done so since 1973. To determi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Emori TG,Haley RW,Stanley RC

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are usually the preferred strategy with which to generate evidence of comparative effectiveness, but conducting an RCT is not always feasible. Though observational studies and RCTs often provide comparable estimates, the questioning of observational analyses has recently intensified b...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Danaei G,Tavakkoli M,Hernán MA

更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The proportion of parents aged ≥35 years at the birth of their child continues to increase, but long-term health consequences for these children are not fully understood. A recent prospective study of 110,999 adult women showed an association between paternal-but not maternal-age at birth and sporadic hematological ca...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Teras LR,Gaudet MM,Blase JL,Gapstur SM

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative weights of empirical facts (data) and assumptions (theory) in causal inference vary across disciplines. Typically, disciplines that ask more complex questions tend to better tolerate a greater role of theory and modeling in causal inference. As epidemiologists move toward increasingly complex questions, M...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hernán MA

更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Some researchers have recently questioned the validity of associations between birth weight and health in later life. They argue that these associations might be due in part to inappropriate statistical adjustment for variables on the causal pathway (such as current body size), which creates an artifactual statistical...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tu YK,West R,Ellison GT,Gilthorpe MS

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined interactions between lifestyle factors and genetic risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D-GR), captured by genetic risk score (GRS) and family history (FH). Our initial study cohort included 20,524 European-ancestry participants, of whom 1,897 developed incident T2D, in the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2016), Nurses' ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ding M,Ahmad S,Qi L,Hu Y,Bhupathiraju SN,Guasch-Ferré M,Jensen MK,Chavarro JE,Ridker PM,Willett WC,Chasman DI,Hu FB,Kraft P

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Salmonella is a common cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States. The epidemiology and costs of nontyphoidal salmonellosis in California from 1990 through 1999 are described using surveillance, hospitalization, and death data. Trends in Salmonella rates and factors associated with prolonged hospitaliza...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Trevejo RT,Courtney JG,Starr M,Vugia DJ

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A community sample made in the fall of 1972 in Durham County, North Carolina, and that consisted of 331 persons 65 years of age and older was assessed for adequacy of social support along three parameters: roles and available attachments, perceived social support, and frequency of social interaction. This approach to ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Blazer DG

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study on diet and gastric cancer, carried out in selected areas of four regions of Spain (Aragon, Castile, Catalonia, and Galicia) in 1988 and 1989, included 354 cases of histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma and 354 controls matched by age, sex, and area of residence. Cases and controls were ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： González CA,Riboli E,Badosa J,Batiste E,Cardona T,Pita S,Sanz JM,Torrent M,Agudo A

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined individual and household socioeconomic status (SES) in relation to phenotypes of neural tube defects, orafacial clefts, and conotruncal heart defects using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study with 2,551 nonmalformed liveborn controls and 1,841 cases delivered in 1997-2000. The ind...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Yang J,Carmichael SL,Canfield M,Song J,Shaw GM,National Birth Defects Prevention Study.

更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study estimated the incidence of clinical neonatal seizures among infants born between 1992 and 1994 in Harris County, Texas, a county with a large and ethnically diverse population. Infants with neonatal seizures were ascertained from four sources: hospital discharge diagnoses, birth certificates, death certific...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Saliba RM,Annegers JF,Waller DK,Tyson JE,Mizrahi EM

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medical devices play a vital role in diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases and are an integral part of the health-care system. Many devices, including implantable medical devices, enter the market through a regulatory pathway that was not designed to assure safety and effectiveness. Several recent studies and ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Jalbert JJ,Ritchey ME,Mi X,Chen CY,Hammill BG,Curtis LH,Setoguchi S

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the relationship between antioxidant vitamin intake and all-cause mortality in older adults, we examined these associations using data from the Leisure World Cohort Study, a prospective study of residents of the Leisure World retirement community in Laguna Hills, California. In the early 1980s, participants ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Paganini-Hill A,Kawas CH,Corrada MM

更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00