The positional differentiation of ethylene-responsive cells in rachis abscission zones in leaves of Sambucus nigra and their growth and ultrastructural changes at senescence and separation.

Abstract:

:In leaves of S. nigra, fragmentation of the rachis follows the autumnal abscission of leaflets and the high levels of ethylene produced by the senescing blades. Fragmentation is accompanied by cell growth and ultrastructural changes in a zone of cells precisely differentiated at the separation zone. Studies with explants from the rachis show that those that contain an abscission zone increase in freshweight by as much as 50% before and during cell separation. Cell growth changes are induced by ethylene but not by auxin, and are restricted to explants that contain the separation zone cells. In ethylene, enlarging cells of the zone show cytoplasmic activation indicated by dilated dictyosomes, enhanced production of Golgi vesicles, elongated profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a crenellated plasmalemma, and the apparent discharge and accumulation of cytoplasmic vesicles within the desmotubules of the branched plasmodesmata. Degradation of the middle lamella and cell wall matrix could be associated with the release of hydrolytic enzymes on the disruption of the vesicles. Although ultrastructural changes of a similar but limited nature occur in all cells of the rachis in response to ethylene, only those that are morphologically delimited as zone cells exhibit the growth and separation that leads to rachis fragmentation. It is proposed that abscission can occur only at the sites of the positional differentiation of these special ethylene-responsive target cells.

journal_name

Planta

journal_title

Planta

authors

Osborne DJ,Sargent JA

doi

10.1007/BF00384421

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1976-01-01 00:00:00

pages

203-10

issue

2

eissn

0032-0935

issn

1432-2048

journal_volume

130

pub_type

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