Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In vivo animal assays are a cornerstone of preclinical pain research. An optimal stimulus for determining the activity of potential analgesics would produce responses of a consistent magnitude on repeated testing. Intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of hypertonic saline (HS) in mice produces robust nociceptive responses to different analgesics, without evidence of tissue damage. Here, we investigated whether the nociceptive response is changed by repeating the injection at different times and sites in a mouse and whether it is attenuated by morphine. METHODS:We conducted randomized and blinded experiments to assess responses to repeated i.pl. 10% HS in female CD-1 mice. An injection of HS was followed by a second injection into the same hind paw at 4 hours, 24 hours, or 7 days. A separate group of mice each received i.pl. injections at 5, 10, and 15 days. In 2 independent experiments, 30 minutes after initial HS injections in the ipsilateral hind paw, mice received HS injection into the contralateral hind paw or ipsilateral forepaw. The ability of morphine to block the nociceptive responses was examined by injecting morphine at 5-day intervals. RESULTS:Repeated injection of HS did not alter the responses at 4 hours (84 vs 75 seconds; mean difference [95% CI], -9 [-40 to 23]; P = .6), 24 hours (122 vs 113 seconds; -6 [-24 to 12]; P = .5), or 7 days (112 vs 113 seconds; -0.3 [-12 to 11]; P = .95) or at multiple injections (day 0, 122 seconds vs day 5, 121 seconds; -0.3 [-28 to 27], P > .99; day 10, 118 seconds; 2.5 [-36 to 41], P = .99; day 15, 119 seconds; 2 [-36 to 38], P = .99). A previous hind paw injection did not change the responses of the contralateral hind paw (right, 93 seconds versus left, 96 seconds; -3 [-20 to 13], P = .7) or of the ipsilateral forepaw (forepaw after HS, 146 seconds versus forepaw after 0.9% saline, 149 seconds; -3 [-28 to 22], P = .8). Morphine dose-dependently attenuated HS responses (control, 94 seconds vs 4 mg/kg, 66 seconds; 29 [-7 to 64], P = .12; vs 10 mg/kg, 27 seconds; 67 [44-90], P < .0001; 4 vs 10 mg/kg, 67 [44-90], P = .03). CONCLUSIONS:The repetition of i.pl. HS produces consistent reproducible responses without tissue damage. This results in efficient, rapid detection of analgesic activity, reducing the number of animals required.
journal_name
Anesth Analgjournal_title
Anesthesia and analgesiaauthors
Asiri YI,Fung T,Schwarz SKW,Barr AM,Puil E,MacLeod BAdoi
10.1213/ANE.0000000000003593subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-01 00:00:00pages
269-275issue
1eissn
0003-2999issn
1526-7598journal_volume
129pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Only 1 in about 110 sex acts results in a conception and 1 in 270 in a live birth. Of all conceptions, 40% result in live births, 5% in stillbirths, and 55% never develop. 1/3 of all known conceptions ends in abortion, spontaneous or induced. It appears that the population problem depends on a small fraction of the...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1971-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal models show us that specific activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) may be a pivotal step in lidocaine neurotoxicity, but this has not been investigated in the case of two very widely used local anesthetics, bupivacaine and ropivacaine. We investigated the hypotheses that these ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e318168514b
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPLICATIONS:The performance of regional blockade on a patient with a preexisting neurologic condition or a history of neurologic complications after regional anesthesia is controversial. We present a case of recurring brachial plexus neuropathy in a diabetic patient after two shoulder procedures performed 4 mo apart. ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200009000-00035
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The traditional tests that have been used for the past 30 yr to determine plasma cholinesterase phenotype--measurement of esterase activity with a variety of substrates, dibucaine inhibition, fluoride inhibition, and Ro2-0683 inhibition--are inadequate for identifying some variants of this enzyme and leave many cases ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1213/00000539-199377020-00027
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initial attempts at surgical anesthesia began many centuries ago, with the plants of antiquity. The mandragora, or mandrake, was used as a sedative and to induce pain relief for surgical procedures. It has been depicted in tablets and friezes since the 16th century before the common era (BCE) and used for its sedative...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e318259ee4d
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Availability of physiologic monitoring equipment to ensure the safe administration of anesthesia is an expected standard in many parts of the world. Many hospitals in China may not have an adequate quantity and variety of anesthesia delivery and patient monitoring equipment to assure safe administration of anesthesia ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e31825018cf
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Although the importance of the nucleus raphe magnus in descending inhibitory control of nociception is clear, it is not known whether these effects are equivalent for different types of nociception. Thus, we examined the differential inhibition of behavioral responses evoked by A delta or C fiber thermonocic...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000094334.12027.06
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As orexinergic (OXergic) neurons have been reported to mediate emotional changes, benzodiazepines might interact with OXergic neurons. METHODS:We examined the interactions between OXergic neurons and benzodiazepine receptors in orexin-A (100 nM) and K+ (25 mM)-evoked norepinephrine release from rat cerebroc...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000252413.62821.2e
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) increases neuronal energy consumption and alters systemic hemodynamics. We examined the effects of ECT on regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSo2) using a near-infrared spectro-photometer. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and rSo2 were continuously monitored throug...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-199610000-00011
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Individualizing arterial blood pressure (ABP) targets during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) based on cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation monitoring may provide a more effective means for preventing cerebral hypoperfusion than the current standard of care. Autoregulation can be monitored in real time with ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e318271fb10
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:In adult patients, the creation of pneumoperitoneum (PP) by means of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) insufflation leads to an increase in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV), which is thought to be caused by hypercapnia. We evaluated whether PP leads to an increase of CBFV in children, and whether this increase is di...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200202000-00005
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in cardiac output in response to augmenting cardiac contractility, preload, and heart rate during enflurane anesthesia were examined in 12 open-chested dogs. Cardiac contractility was assessed by the slope of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation (Emax). Dobutamine (3, 6, and 9 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) was a...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199111000-00014
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oral opioid formulations contribute to postoperative analgesia. In this study, we evaluated the perioperative application of oral controlled-release oxycodone to reduce postoperative IV morphine consumption and opioid side effects after lumbar discectomy. METHODS:Forty patients scheduled for elective lumbar...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000266451.77524.0d
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystometrograms (CMG) and urethral pressure profiles (UPP) were used in six anesthetized dogs to study the urodynamic effects of intrathecal (IT) injections of fentanyl and buprenorphine. The CMG and UPP were examined for each of the two drugs in all dogs (four experiments per animal). The measurements were performed ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac surgery for carcinoid heart disease is complicated by hemodynamic instability secondary to carcinoid crises, cardiovascular dysfunction, and blood loss. The safety of vasopressors and the benefit of aprotinin during concomitant octreotide administration are uncertain. METHODS:We reviewed the effects...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000284704.57806.0b
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effect of halothane and isoflurane on contraction in the vascular smooth muscle of rat thoracic aorta simultaneously with the cytosolic Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i). Isolated spiral strips of rat thoracic aorta were suspended for isometric tension recordings in physiologic salt solution. The [Ca2+]i was measu...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199406000-00006
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The use of catheters for continuous nerve blocks has been established in children, although in most series only one catheter was used. We report a case of a 3-yr-old child who underwent a toe-to-finger transfer managed with 2 regional catheters: axillary and sciatic. A pain score of 0 was noted during the en...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000114084.01266.e5
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with chronic pain frequently suffer affective disorders, particularly anxiety and depression. Although clinical research on the relationship between pain and depressive symptoms has been done, it is not clear whether pain causes depression or depression exaggerates pain. To investigate the relation ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000261514.19946.66
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy is associated with an increased sensitivity to both general and local anesthetics. The exact reason is uncertain, but increased concentrations of progesterone and endogenous opiates have been implicated. Therefore, we tested the ability of intrathecally administered progesterone to produce analgesia and to p...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199304000-00010
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphine given intracerebroventricularly releases spinal dynorphin A (Dyn) in mice. The present study was undertaken to determine whether morphine given intrathecally (IT) released Dyn. We demonstrated that the antinociceptive action of morphine was enhanced by procedures that are known to attenuate Dyn action. First,...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199312000-00015
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The spinal cord is an important site where volatile anesthetics decrease sensation and produce immobility. Beyond this knowledge, our understanding of a site of anesthetic action is limited. Previous evidence suggests that dorsal horn neurons with ascending projections may be more susceptible to depression b...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e318163f8f3
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In this study we sought to determine and compare the minimum local anesthetic volumes (MLAV) and doses (MLAD) of two concentrations of bupivacaine for epidural pain relief in labor, and to quantify the effect on dose. METHODS:Eighty women were randomized in a double-blind manner to receive a first bolus of ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000252458.20912.ef
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of preoxygenation in the supine (n = 10) versus the 45 degrees head-up (n = 10) position on the duration of apnea leading to a decrease in arterial oxygen saturation to 95%, as monitored by pulse oximetry, was investigated in 20 women undergoing elective cesarean section at term of pregnancy. The results...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199211000-00018
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The management of severe pain may require "balanced analgesia," involving the use of analgesics with different modes of action. Clonidine, an alpha(2)-adrenoreceptor agonist produces analgesia by itself as well as when given with morphine and local anesthetics. Ketorolac is indicated for the management of moderately s...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200005000-00028
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:We tested the ability of electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) to block thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia in rats with peripheral neuropathy. Repeated ECT (six times daily) significantly reduced thermal hyperalgesia 48 h after the end of the final treatment but had no significant effects on mechanica...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-199803000-00028
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Propofol (Diprivan(TM); AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE) is a commonly used drug for the induction of general anesthesia in the ambulatory setting. With the availability of a new bisulfite-containing generic formulation of propofol, questions have arisen regarding its cost effectiveness and safety compared with ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000539-200010000-00019
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Spinal anesthesia is commonly used in former preterm infants (FPI). In these patients, hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia may impair cerebral blood flow. We measured cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) by transcranial Doppler ultrasound to assess the effect of hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia o...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000108962.37210.69
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Calcium-sensitizing drugs, such as levosimendan, are a novel class of drug therapy for heart failure. We investigated the hypothesis that levosimendan is a pulmonary vasodepressor mediated through inhibition of phosphodiesterase, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent potassium channels, or both. We investig...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200206000-00009
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The electrophysiologic effects of sevoflurane are not well characterized in humans. Among patients with refractory epilepsy, this study compared 1) electroencephalographic (EEG) interictal spike activity during wakefulness and sevoflurane anesthesia, and 2) electrocorticographically (ECoG) recorded intericta...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of ketamine on intraocular pressure (IOP) was studied in 10 children. Control IOP values were determined prior to induction of anesthesia, following premedication with atropine alone or in combination with pentobarbital and meperidine. After the IM injection of 8 mg/kg of ketamine, the IOP was determined at...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-197611000-00005
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00