Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:Schistosome infections can damage organs important for water homeostasis, especially the kidneys. Urogenital schistosomiasis (caused by Schistosoma haematobium) increases protein and blood in urine and intestinal schistosomiasis (caused by S. mansoni) affects total body water. However, no data exist on how different schistosome species affect urine specific gravity (USG), a hydration biomarker. Therefore, we assessed the relationship between S. haematobium- and S. mansoni-infected and uninfected women and USG in rural Tanzania. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Surveys were conducted and stool and urine samples were collected among 211 nonpregnant women aged 18-50. S. haematobium eggs were detected using the urine filtration method. S. mansoni eggs were detected using the Kato Katz method. USG was measured using a refractometer and analyzed as both a continuous and dichotomous variable. Regression (linear/logistic) models were estimated to test the relationship between infection and hydration status. RESULTS:The prevalence of S. haematobium was 5.9% and S. mansoni was 5.4% with no coinfections. In regression models, S. haematobium-infected women had significantly higher USG (Beta = 0.007 g mL-1 ; standard error = 0.002; p = 0.001) and odds (Odds ratio: 7.76, 95% CI: 1.21-49.5) of elevated USG (>1.020 g mL-1 ) than uninfected women, whereas S. mansoni-infected women did not. DISCUSSION:Schistosoma haematobium, but not S. mansoni, infection is associated with higher USG and risk of inadequate hydration. Future work should determine whether findings are attributable to parasite-induced debris in urine or urinary tract pathologies and signs of renal damage. Human and non-human primate studies using USG in schistosome-endemic areas should account for schistosomiasis.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Rosinger AY,Young SL,Collins SM,Haider SR,Mishra P,Nagai HT,Petro M,Downs JAdoi
10.1002/ajpa.23479subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-08-01 00:00:00pages
952-959issue
4eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
166pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate advantages of principal component analysis (PCA) as a standardized procedure in the evaluation of osteoarthritis (OA) in a skeletal series to: (1) compute aggregate scores for joint complexes that accurately capture pathological expression, (2) reveal which variabl...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23130
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact that "Romanization" and the development of urban centers had on the health of the Romano-British population is little understood. A re-examination of the skeletal remains of 364 nonadults from the civitas capital at Roman Dorchester (Durnovaria) in Dorset was carried out to measure the health of the childre...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21239
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parameters of Malécot's isolation-by-distance model are estimated for biological (anthropometric head and body dimensions, morphometric dimensions of metacarpal bones, quantitative and qualitative dermatoglyphic traits, and physiological/cardiorespiratory/variables) and linguistic distances and migrational kinship on ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330740313
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ancient genomes from multiple Neanderthal and the Denisovan individuals, along with DNA sequence data from diverse contemporary human populations strongly support the prevalence of gene flow among different hominins. Recent studies now provide evidence for multiple gene flow events that leave genetic signatures in ext...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23951
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We present a study of skeletal damage to four chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) infanticide victims from Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Skeletal analysis may provide insight into the adaptive significance of infanticide by examining whether nutritional benefits sufficiently explain infanticidal behavior. The nutr...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23335
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of the road widening scheme between London and Dover, Oxford Archaeology South uncovered a large boundary ditch of Iron Age origin that contained Iron Age and Roman inhumations, adjacent to which was a small mid-late Roman cemetery, interpreted as a rural cemetery for Romano-British farmers. Grave goods in the...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21602
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A previous study of passive joint mobility in patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) showed that laboratory-caged animals had significantly greater mobility in most joints than age/sex matched free-ranging monkeys. Passive joint mobility on 27 of the same animals was measured 6 months after the caged animals were released...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330670102
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various workers, including T. D. Stewart, claim that the aboriginal Americas were relatively disease-free because of the bering Strait cold-screen, eliminating many pathogens, and the paucity of zoonotic infections because of few domestic animals. Evidence of varying validity suggests that precontact Americns had thei...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330450333
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:In recent years, several studies have shown that populations from cold, high-latitude regions tend to have relatively shorter limbs than populations from tropical regions, with most of the difference due to the relative length of the zeugopods (i.e., radius, ulna, tibia, fibula). This pattern has been explai...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22774
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new partial skeleton of Proconsul nyanzae from Mfangano Island, Kenya (KNM-MW 13142) includes five lumbar vertebrae, a partial sacrum, and nearly complete hipbone. Until recently, little was known of the axial and pelvic skeletons of Proconsul, or any early Miocene hominoid. Because torso morphology directly reflect...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330920306
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we develop a model that examines fertility and childhood mortality patterns and their relationship to environmental variables. Interactions among environmental variables can account for different fertility patterns and different mixes of these variables can produce similar patterns of fertility. Our mode...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330770304
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mean fat cell diameter was determined from measurements of abdominal adipose cells, obtained during inguinal hernia repair, of 126 white and 95 black males ranging in age from 1 through 48 months of age. The mean diameters of black and white subjects did not differ significantly, suggesting that differences in fat...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330650402
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dentitions of 208 prehistoric skeletal specimens from five geographic regions of Oregon were studied to describe their dental status. Comparisons were made of the incidence of specific pathologies among regions and between jaws. Maxillary premortem tooth losses were significantly higher than mandibular tooth loss. A r...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330690305
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::New fossil hominid specimens from the Laetolili fossil locality in Tanzania are described. The material includes mandibles and teeth derived from reliably-dated deposits of Pliocene age. Preliminary descriptions, measurements and illustrations are presented. ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330460203
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lengths within the cranial base and vault were measured in cephalometric radiographs of 220 boys and 177 girls ranging in age from 0 to 15 years; all these children are participants in The Fels Longitudinal Growth Study. The present study is based on mixed longitudinal data derived from 1640 radiographs for boys and 1...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330580305
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last 20 years, studies on human identified skeletal collections have revealed a significant relationship between new bone formation on the visceral surface of ribs and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). To improve methods of differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases in archaeological skeletons, an investigation ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20309
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of enamel thickness has received considerable attention in regard to the taxonomic, phylogenetic and dietary assessment of human and non-human primates. Recent developments based on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) digital techniques have facilitated accurate analyses, preserving the original ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22421
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We present a new distance-based exponential regression approach based on published histological data to refine the objectivity, accuracy, and precision of age estimates of LEH defect formation on the anterior dentition. METHODS:Published histological data of anterior tooth crown growth for two samples (nort...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23764
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study attempts to fill a persistent gap in the literature by documenting the timing of epiphyseal union at the vertebral end of the ribs in a sample of modern Portuguese skeletons. The skeletal remains of 53 females and 45 males, between the ages of 11 and 30, were taken from the Lisbon documented skeletal collec...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21065
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphometric data on postcranial elements of ten species of Old World primates are used to test the elastic similarity model of limb scaling. The data are divided into three groupings to exclude as much variation due to differences in locomotor adaptation as possible. The data on skeletal diameters fits the model reas...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330650313
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stature and the pattern of body proportions were investigated in a series of six time-successive Egyptian populations in order to investigate the biological effects on human growth of the development and intensification of agriculture, and the formation of state-level social organization. Univariate analyses of varian...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10223
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to identify the presence of degenerative spondylolisthesis in adult Native American skeletons recovered from prehistoric and historic Pueblo sites in New Mexico. The vertebral columns of 491 individuals that were complete enough to allow the necessary observations produced 64 cases, wit...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1125
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The name "Wampanoag" means "Eastern People" or "People of the First Light" in the local dialect of the Algonquian language. Once extensively populating the coastal lands and neighboring islands of the eastern United States, the Wampanoag people now consist of two federally recognized tribes, the Aquinnah and Mashpee, ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21281
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents the demographic changes that followed the transition from a hunting-gathering way of life (Natufian) to an agricultural, food-producing economy (Neolithic) in the southern Levant. The study is based on 217 Natufian (10,500-8,300 BC) skeletons and 262 Neolithic (8,300-5,500 BC) skeletons. Age and se...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10332
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Warao Indian village of Jobure has two modes for height within its adult male population. One mode is at 158 cm and the second occurs at 169 cm. Mean height for adult males and females for this village is significantly higher (alpha less than or equal to 0.05) than for the other Warao villages studied. Examination...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330530311
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the curvature of the manual proximal and middle phalanges of species belonging to Pan, Gorilla, Ateles, Macaca, Pongo, Hylobates, and Cebus to determine whether middle phalangeal curvature, when considered in conjunction with proximal phalangeal curvature, yields a locomotor signal. Prior studies...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20701
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This set of cross-sectional and longitudinal data from children and young adults in certain Bougainville and Solomon Islands populations undergoing rapid modernization during the period 1966-1986 reveals very different responses to essentially the same stimuli-the introduction and widespread availability of western di...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22141
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of an apomorphic reciprocal chromosomal translocation in the gorilla lineage has been asserted or denied by various cytogeneticists. We employed a new molecular cytogenetic strategy (chromosomal in situ suppression hybridization) combined with high-resolution banding, replication sequence analysis, and f...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330880210
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper is one in a series which explores the possibility of using the non-destructive CT technique to identify patterns in tooth enamel distribution and structure of hominid molars from Plio-Pleistocene sites in South Africa, notably Swartkrans, Sterkfontein, and Kromdraai. Whereas previous investigators have emph...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330890202
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we evaluate the causes of differential skeletal preservation in the Windover Pond skeletal series (8BR246). We collected data on sex and age for approximately 110 individuals, and calculated a preservation score for each individual based on the presence of 80 skeletal landmarks. Our research questions e...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10101
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00