Abstract:
:This paper is one in a series which explores the possibility of using the non-destructive CT technique to identify patterns in tooth enamel distribution and structure of hominid molars from Plio-Pleistocene sites in South Africa, notably Swartkrans, Sterkfontein, and Kromdraai. Whereas previous investigators have emphasised gross differences in absolute and relative or average enamel thickness between hominid taxa, the present study highlights differences in enamel thickness over functionally significant regions of the crown. Differences in the distribution of enamel in A. robustus, A. africanus, and Homo sp. are identified through the use of bivariate and multivariate analyses, and are interpreted in terms of dietary regimes.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Macho GA,Thackeray JFdoi
10.1002/ajpa.1330890202subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-10-01 00:00:00pages
133-43issue
2eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Comparative endocrine studies have notably advanced understanding of ecological factors that contribute to variation in human reproductive function. Such research has relied on methodological advances that permit hormone determinations in samples that are easily and safely collected, stored, and transported, most rece...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199709)104:1<1::AID-AJPA1>
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catarrhine symphyseal morphology displays considerable variation. Although this has been related to dentition, phylogeny, sexual dimorphism, and facial orientation, most emphasis has been given to the functional significance of the symphysis to mechanical loading during mastication. The current state of knowledge rega...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21573
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An investigation of body height and cephalic measurements was performed among five groups of first-year medical students of the University of Rijeka School of Medicine (Rijeka, Croatia). Body height and different cephalic measurements showed normal distribution, both in male and female students. Differences between me...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10306
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study explores variation and trends in first molar enamel thickness and daily enamel secretion rates over a 2000 year period in Britain. METHODS:Permanent first molars (n = 89) from the Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Medieval periods, as well as modern-day Britain, were analyzed using standard histological me...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.24026
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical studies of the relationship between developmental enamel defects and caries susceptibility have often produced conflicting results. This has been due in part to a failure to distinguish between different types of defects. Studies of this association in prehistoric populations have been rare. The complete deci...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330810105
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multivariate and cluster analyses of human skeletal remains of seven regional groups and nine individual sites and periods reveal different patterns of relationships for the sexes. This complex pattern of morphological affinities probably depends on differential demographic features. ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330590106
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adventus Saxonum is a crucial event in English protohistory. Scholars from a range of disciplines dispute the scale and demographic profile of the purported colonizing population. The 5th-7th century burial ground at West Heslerton, North Yorkshire, is one of the few Anglian cemeteries where an associated settleme...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20111
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of tooth cementum annulations for age determination has been deemed promising, exhibiting high correlations with chronological age. Despite its apparent potential, to date, the tooth cementum annulations method has been used rarely for estimating ages in archaeological populations. Here we examine the readabil...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21136
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most common live-born human aneuploidy is trisomy 21, which causes Down syndrome (DS). Dosage imbalance of genes on chromosome 21 (Hsa21) affects complex gene-regulatory interactions and alters development to produce a wide range of phenotypes, including characteristic facial dysmorphology. Little is known about h...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22255
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of decrease of mean metacarpal cortical width was assessed by sequential radiographic morphometry for each hand separately in a series of 46 right-handed postmenopausal women observed for 222 patient-years. For the left hand, the mean rate was 0.0331 +/- 0.0053 mm/year and for the right, 0.0310 +/- 0.0060 mm/...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330540403
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is thought to increase as a result of environmental perturbations during development. A number of studies involving measures of health and developmental stability other than FA have discussed the presumed increased buffering in females relative to males. But, there is little evidence in the ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21357
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paleopathological analyses of skeletal remains have provided significant information about diet and health in prehistoric populations. A number of individuals have been recovered whose remains show evidence of impairments that would have precluded "normal" functioning, resulting in a disability. The most famous exampl...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330840402
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study is to report and interpret a feature on the anterolateral surface of the proximal femurs of the Krapina hominid collection that we briefly described in 2006 (Periodicum Biologorum, 108, 319-329). MATERIALS AND METHODS:We recorded the presence or absence of the feature in all the pr...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23140
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimations of age from tooth formation standards for a large (n = 282) sample of subadult skeletal remains from a 19th century historic cemetery sample were analyzed. The standards of Moorrees et al. (1963a,b) for the permanent and deciduous teeth, and Anderson et al. (1976) for the formation of permanent dentition w...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330920207
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Body weight and ten body segment measurements were collected from 367 wild-trapped vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) in central and southern Kenya. The animals represent between 70 and 95% of the animals in each of 30 troops at four geographical locations separated by 80 to 380 km. The capture sites differed in ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199705)103:1<19::AID-AJPA3
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A previous study of passive joint mobility in patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) showed that laboratory-caged animals had significantly greater mobility in most joints than age/sex matched free-ranging monkeys. Passive joint mobility on 27 of the same animals was measured 6 months after the caged animals were released...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330670102
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Femoral head size provides important information on body size in extinct species. Although it is well-known that femoral head size is correlated with acetabular size, the precision with which femoral head size can be estimated from acetabular size has not been quantified. The availability of accurate 3D surface models...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22591
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Interbirth intervals (IBIs) are a key metric of female reproductive success; understanding how they are regulated by environmental, social, and demographic factors can provide insight into sources of variance in female fitness. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Using 36 years of reproductive data on 490 IBIs for 160 wi...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23407
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An intergroup comparison of cephalometric landmark configurations by the finite-element method elegantly depicts the algebra of some of the size and shape change measures that one may define by reference to those landmarks. In studies of mean differences between groups, the statistical analysis of these finite element...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330740408
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone mass, as assessed by measurements of total subperiosteal diameter and medullary width of the second metacarpal bone on hand-wrist radiographs, was evaluated for 31 Guamanian patients (15 males, 16 females) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), 67 patients (39 males, 28 females) with parkinsonism-dementia (PD)...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330800112
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluate the hardness of foods consumed by sympatric Cercopithecus ascanius (redtail guenons) and Lophocebus albigena (grey-cheeked mangabeys), and consider how selection might operate to influence foraging adaptations. Since L. albigena has among the thickest dental enamel in extant primates and is commonly referr...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10403
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primate fossil assemblages often have metacarpals and phalanges from which functional/behavioral interpretations may be inferred. For example, intrinsic hand proportions can indicate hand function and substrate use. But, estimates of intrinsic hand proportions from unassociated hand elements can be imperfect due to di...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22278
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies on human energetics have been conducted in developed and developing countries, but very few simultaneously measured time use and energy expenditure. Only a few quantitatively compared subsistence patterns between rural and urban dwellers of an identical population. Here we present the daily physical ac...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1096-8644(200103)114:3<258::AID-AJPA1024>3
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of enamel thickness has received considerable attention in regard to the taxonomic, phylogenetic and dietary assessment of human and non-human primates. Recent developments based on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) digital techniques have facilitated accurate analyses, preserving the original ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22421
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As shown in 91 embryos and fetuses in the 41-235 mm crownrump length, brachymesophalangia-5 may be identified in prenatal time. Although the ratios involving different combinations of length of mid-5 relative to other segments yield different frequencies of BMP-5, the short middle segment of the little finger is alrea...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330440305
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A virtually complete skeleton recovered from excavations in a Late Upper Paleolithic context by Cardini between 1940 and 1942 at the Arene Candide cave (NW Italy) lacks the normal development of the left and right lesser trochanters. The specimen is a short-statured male about 25 years old and shows no other especiall...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330830404
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within- and between-species variation in restriction endonuclease recognition sites was examined at the Y-linked RPS4Y locus of six hominoid species: human (Homo sapiens), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), bonobo (Pan paniscus), orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), and gibbon (Hylobates lar). RPS4Y is an...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199611)101:3<333::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has revealed extensive genetic variation among villages on Bougainville, in the Solomon Islands. Using previously published gene frequency data for seven loci, the role of isolation by distance in structuring genetic variation on Bougainville was reanalyzed. Newer methods of kinship estimation show t...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330660309
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the influence of nutritional status on the emergence of deciduous dentition in a cross-sectional sample of 510 rural Rajput children from the Jubbal and Kotkhai Tehsils, Shimla District, Himachal Pradesh, India. The nutritional status of each child was evaluated using Z-scores of height/supine le...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22041
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since its discovery in southeastern Uzbekistan in 1938, the Teshik-Tash child has been considered a Neandertal. Its affinity is important to studies of Late Pleistocene hominin growth and development as well as interpretations of the Central Asian Middle Paleolithic and the geographic distribution of Neandertals. A cl...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20897
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00