Knuckle walking signal in the manual digits of Pan and Gorilla.

abstract：:The lateral skull radiographs of 124 boys aged approximately 10 years divided equally between the four angle classes were digitized in an effort to establish the relationship between cranial base size and shape and jaw relationship. Comparison of the means for occlusal groups showed a trend from class II to class III ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kerr WJ,Adams CP

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this research was to study intra- and interspecific variability in mineral density in the femoral diaphysis of nonhuman primates. Four hundred five sections were taken from five sites along the femoral diaphysis of 34 macaques (Macaca sp.), 24 squirrel monkeys (Saimirisciureus), and 23 tamarins (Saguinu...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Burr DB

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the 1930s subadult hominin remains and Mousterian artifacts were discovered in the Teshik-Tash cave in South Uzbekistan. Since then, the majority of the scientific community has interpreted Teshik-Tash as a Neanderthal. However, some have considered aspects of the morphology of the Teshik-Tash skull to be more simi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gunz P,Bulygina E

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The premise that bones grow and remodel throughout life to adapt to their mechanical environment is often called Wolff's law. Wolff's law, however, is not always true, and in fact comprises a variety of different processes that are best considered separately. Here we review the molecular and physiological mechanisms b...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Pearson OM,Lieberman DE

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that some observed patterns of force production in the primate masticatory system match those predicted by a simplified lever model. This model is also commonly invoked in adaptive explanations of craniodental diversity. However, systematic studies of the predictive power of this model are missi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Spencer MA

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent discovery of unexpectedly ancient human remains has fuelled interest about the first dispersion of Homo outside Africa. The Dmanisi mandible is perhaps one of the most interesting findings, as it supposedly represents one of the oldest hominids outside of Africa. Recently, different interpretations have bee...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rosas A,Bermúdez de Castro JM

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gorillas occupy a variety of habitats from the west coast to eastern central Africa. These habitats differ considerably in altitude, which has a pronounced effect on forest ecology. Although all gorillas are obligate terrestrial knuckle-walking quadrupeds, those that live in lowland habitats eat fruits and climb more ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Dunn RH,Tocheri MW,Orr CM,Jungers WL

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Information about primate genomes has re-emphasized the importance of the great apes (Pan, Gorilla, and Pongo) as, for most purposes, the appropriate comparators when generating hypotheses about the most recent common ancestor of the hominins and panins, or the most recent common ancestor of the hominin clade. Great a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gordon AD,Marcus E,Wood B

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a series of specimens extending from fossil material through recent vertebrates including man there occurs a gradual phylogenetic increase in the degree of humeral torsion. A further (ontogenetic) torsion is superimposed upon the phylogenetic one in man which increases from birth until the proximal epiphysial carti...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Krahl VE

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the skeletal maturity status of Japanese children in Western Kyushu and its variation within Japanese populations. Hand-wrist skeletal maturity was assessed by the Tanner-Whitehouse (1975) (TW2) method from radiographs of 500 boys and 485 girls aged from 4 to 15 years. Western Kyushu children show...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Takai S,Akiyoshi T

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The higher primate scapula has been subject to many explanations of the putative "adaptive value" of its individual traits. However, the shift from the bone's position in above branch quadrupeds to its more posterolateral position in recent hominoids obviously required fundamental changes to its general form...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Selby MS,Lovejoy CO

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Studies of the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ(13) C and δ(15) N) of modern tissues with a fast turnover, such as hair and fingernails, have established the relationship between these values in mothers and their infants during breastfeeding and weaning. Using collagen from high-resolution dentin...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Beaumont J,Montgomery J,Buckberry J,Jay M

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If predictable, ecogeographic patterning in body size and proportions of human populations can provide valuable information regarding human biology, adaptation to local environments, migration histories, and health, now and in the past. This paper evaluates the assumption that small-bodied Later Stone Age (LSA) forage...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kurki HK,Ginter JK,Stock JT,Pfeiffer S

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Depicting past epidemics currently relies on DNA-based detection of pathogens, an approach limited to pathogens with well-preserved DNA sequences. We used paleoserology as a complementary approach detecting specific antibodies under a mini line-blot format including positive and negative control antigens. M...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Oumarou Hama H,Barbieri R,Guirou J,Chenal T,Mayer A,Ardagna Y,Signoli M,Aboudharam G,Raoult D,Drancourt M

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three-dimensional (3D) trapezium models from Homo sapiens, Gorilla gorilla, Pan troglodytes, Australopithecus afarensis (A.L.333-80), and Homo habilis (O.H.7-NNQ) were acquired through laser digitizing. Least-square planes were generated for each articular surface, and the angles between the planes were compared. Each...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Tocheri MW,Marzke MW,Liu D,Bae M,Jones GP,Williams RC,Razdan A

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexual dimorphism in primate species expresses the effects of phylogeny, life history, behavior, and ontogeny. The causes and implications of sexual dimorphism have been studied in several different primates using a variety of morphological databases such as body weight, canine length, and coat color and ornamentation...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Masterson TJ,Hartwig WC

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primate molar shapes reflect developmental and ecological processes. Development may constrain as well as facilitate evolution of new tooth shapes, affecting how reliable dental characters are in phylogenetic studies. Much of the genetic machinery of development uses the same genes among different organs, including te...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Jernvall J,Jung HS

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Linear enamel hypoplasia was scored on Neolithic, Copper Age, and Early Bronze Age samples from the Trentino region, Italy, in order to compare the extent of growth disruption in different biocultural subsistence systems (foragers with little agriculture, to agriculturists and agropastoralists). The Early Bronze Age s...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Cucina A

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer pair was used to analyze the frequency of insertion of the first described, nonhuman, baboon-specific Alu repetitive element in populations from the Papio hamadryas anubis and the Papio hamadryas hamadryas subspecies, and from a number of anubis-hamadryas hybrids. The Alu...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Szmulewicz MN,Andino LM,Reategui EP,Woolley-Barker T,Jolly CJ,Disotell TR,Herrera RJ

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mountain gorillas of the central Virungas have been the subject of field study for the last 30 years; however, our understanding of morbidity and mortality in these apes is limited. This paper describes pathological conditions of the skeleton and dentition of these animals and evaluates lesions in relation to beha...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Lovell NC

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Past studies have shown a consistent association of a specific set of mitochondrial DNA 9 base pair (bp) deletion haplotypes with Polynesians and their Austronesian-speaking relatives, and the total lack of the deletion in a short series of New Guinea Highlanders. Utilizing plasma and DNA samples from various old labo...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Merriwether DA,Friedlaender JS,Mediavilla J,Mgone C,Gentz F,Ferrell RE

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical studies of the relationship between developmental enamel defects and caries susceptibility have often produced conflicting results. This has been due in part to a failure to distinguish between different types of defects. Studies of this association in prehistoric populations have been rare. The complete deci...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Duray SM

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The presence of Microchoerus in Sant Cugat de Gavadons (Late Eocene, Ebro Basin, Northeastern Spain) was first noted by M. Crusafont, who described a fragment of maxilla with two teeth that he interpreted as P(4) and M(1) and referred this specimen to the species Microchoerus ornatus. The objective of this w...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Minwer-Barakat R,Marigó J,Moyà-Solà S

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Bantu languages are widely distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Genetic research supports linguists and historians who argue that migration played an important role in the spread of this language family, but the genetic data also indicates a more complex process involving substantial gene flow with resident ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Batai K,Babrowski KB,Arroyo JP,Kusimba CM,Williams SR

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Compared to most quadrupedal mammals, humans are energetically inefficient when running at high speeds. This fact can be taken to mean that human dipedalism evolved for reasons other than to reduce relative energy cost durding locomotion. Recalculation of the energy expending expended during human walking at normal sp...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rodman PS,McHenry HM

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Determination of sex from the tibial shaft as well as the entire bone itself has not been generally investigated by osteologists . This paper is an attempt to fulfill this need. The purpose is to determine sex from both the complete tibia and the shaft at the nutrient foramen level. The sample was obtained from the Te...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Iscan MY,Miller-Shaivitz P

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Total testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in blood serum as well as free testosterone in saliva were determined by radioimmunoassay in 110 healthy young men. The results were compared with the development of terminal hair on the trunk and limbs, with the disposition to balding and with the disposition to acne. No sig...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Knussmann R,Christiansen K,Kannmacher J

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last 20 years, studies on human identified skeletal collections have revealed a significant relationship between new bone formation on the visceral surface of ribs and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). To improve methods of differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases in archaeological skeletons, an investigation ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Matos V,Santos AL

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The robustness index (RI) is determined by multiplying dental mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters, and is used to estimate occlusal area. However, because teeth are not rectangular its calculation consistently causes overestimations. Moreover, teeth, in particular molars, are not identically shaped so overestimatio...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Schmidt C,Ousley S,Schmidt M

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal reproductive investment includes both the energetic costs of gestation and lactation. For most humans, the metabolic costs of lactation will exceed those of gestation. Mothers must balance reproductive investment in any single offspring against future reproductive potential. Among mammals broadly, mothers may...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Quinn EA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00