Abstract:
:Peptide-YY (PYY) is a novel enteric peptide that is structurally related to pancreatic polypeptide and neuropeptide-Y. The objectives of the present experiments were to characterize the following aspects of PYY metabolism: the distribution of PYY in the canine gastrointestinal tract, the release of PYY in response to oral ingestion of a mixed meal or intraduodenal (ID) administration of oleic acid, the effect of ileocolectomy on the release of PYY in response to ID administration of oleic acid when transit of chyme to the distal ileum and colon is prevented, the effect of interruption of intramural neural pathways of the small bowel on the release of PYY, and the effect of iv cholecystokinin on the release of PYY. The results of these experiments demonstrate that PYY immunoreactivity is distributed primarily in the terminal ileum, colon, and rectum. Circulating levels of PYY increase significantly (P less than 0.05) within 10-30 min after ingestion of a meal or to ID administration of a fatty acid. Complete interruption of the flow of chyme to the site of PYY-containing cells (i.e. ileum-colon) did not block the release of PYY; however, ileocolectomy abolished the release of PYY in response to ID administration of oleic acid. Severance of intramural neural pathways along the small bowel did not alter the release of PYY in response to an oral meal. Intravenous administration of graded doses of cholecystokinin stimulated the release of PYY in a dose-related manner. The results of these experiments indicate that the release of PYY from the distal ileum and colon is controlled, at least in part, by an extramural neural, endocrine, or a combination of both types of mechanisms which originate in the foregut.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Greeley GH Jr,Jeng YJ,Gomez G,Hashimoto T,Hill FL,Kern K,Kurosky T,Chuo HF,Thompson JCdoi
10.1210/endo-124-3-1438subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-03-01 00:00:00pages
1438-43issue
3eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
124pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::In the present study we have used a high affinity photoaffinity label (PAL) agonist (pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-125I-iodoTyr-D-Lys(para-N3-Benzoyl)-Leu-Arg-P roNHEt) and a PAL antagonist (NAcD2Nal-D4ClPhe-D3Pal-Ser-125I-iodo-NMeTyr-D-L ys(para-N3-Benzoyl)Leu-Lys(Isp) - Pro-D-Ala-NH2) to covalently label the GnRH receptor. Rat p...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.133.2.8393780
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photoaffinity labeling with underivatized T3 was used to identify T3-binding proteins in the membrane of rat erythrocytes. UV irradiation of ghosts and peripheral protein-depleted membranes in the presence of [125I]T3 resulted in the covalent attachment of 125I to membrane proteins (analyzed by polyacrylamide gel elec...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.132.6.8504750
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical produced by the action of NO synthases (NOS) and is known to be involved in the regulation of many reproductive events that occur in the oviducts. The oviducts are highly specialized organs that play crucial roles in reproduction by providing an optimal environment for the final mat...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-1548
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::GH is believed to play a role in promoting insulin resistance in patients with diabetes and with GH excess. The means by which GH produces insulin resistance may be through direct suppression of glucose metabolism in target cells (insulin-independent) or by interfering with the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-123-2-1082
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although estrogens and estrogen receptors (ERs) are known to function in the male brain and reproductive tract, few studies have evaluated their involvement in the male hematopoietic and immune systems. This study was undertaken to determine the role of ERalpha in hematopoietic progenitor and B lymphocyte maturation. ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.7.7560
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of Sertoli cells were treated with freshly isolated, intact germ cells to determine if germ cells were capable of influencing Sertoli cell function. By using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, germ cells were found to increase several-fold the incorporation of [32P]orthoph...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-120-4-1317
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, site-directed mutagenesis and biochemical strategies have been used to establish whether disulfide bonding between extracellular Cys residues contributes to the structural integrity of the GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) and, if so, to delineate the nature of the bonding patterns involved. The majority of G prot...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.7.5233
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent data suggest that proinflammatory cytokines secreted from adipose tissue contribute to the morbidity associated with obesity. However, characterization of the cell types involved in inflammation and how these cells promote insulin resistance in human adipocytes are unclear. We simulated acute inflammation using...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2006-0536
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus exhibit increased proportions of plasma proinsulin and proinsulin conversion intermediates. We used hyperinsulinemic diabetic and nondiabetic Psammomys obesus to study the possible relationship between steady state pancreatic insulin stores and the proportion of pro...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.135.2.8033810
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many New World primate species have elevated circulating free plasma cortisol concentrations, target tissue resistance to cortisol, and no evidence of sodium retention. A representative New World primate, the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus), has plasma cortisol concentrations above those necessary to cause complete...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-115-1-25
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine TSH (bTSH) was subjected to reverse phase HPLC using a Synchropak RP-P C18 column. Elution was with a linear gradient of 0-50% 1-propranol in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid. Individual fractions were assayed for TSH bioactivity by the cultured thyroid cell cAMP response assay. Optimum separation of biologically acti...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-116-4-1379
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), an agent with important mitogenic effects for bone cells, exists in three isoforms, PDGF-AA, -BB, and -AB. PDGF-AB and -BB are the prevalent circulating isoforms, whereas normal unstimulated cells of the osteoblast lineage synthesize primarily PDGF-AA. We examined the effects of ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.134.6.8194480
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal remodeling in response to deafferenting lesions in the brain can be enhanced by estradiol (E2). Astrocytes are among the targets of E2 in complex interactions with neurons and may support or inhibit neuronal remodeling. In ovariectomized female rats given entorhinal cortex lesions, E2 replacement inhibited th...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.143.2.8615
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Androgen signaling in prostate smooth muscle cells (pSMCs) is critical for the maintenance of prostate homeostasis, the alterations of which are a central aspect in the development of pathological conditions. Testosterone can act through the classic androgen receptor (AR) in the cytoplasm, eliciting genomic signaling,...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2017-00718
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the effects of veratridine, a Na+ channel activator, and ouabain, an inhibitor of Na+-K+-ATPase, on short term (1-h) PRL release from primary cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells and from the rat anterior pituitary cell line GH4C1 in culture. Both compounds should increase intracellular Na+. V...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-113-4-1228
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under acute stress conditions in the rat, there is rapid and transient increase in circulating prolactin (PRL). This leads to an elevated expression of the long form of PRLR (PRLR-L) first in the hypothalamus and the choroid plexus. This increase in PRL is involved in the inhibition of stress-induced hypocalcemia and ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2004-1528
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnocellular hypothalamic neurons in the rat supraoptic nucleus (SON) normally produce either vasopressin (VP) or oxytocin (OT). Here we demonstrate that many magnocellular neurons in the SON of lactating rats synthesize both hormones at the same time. We show the colocalization of the messenger (m) RNA that encodes ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-129-4-1814
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A functioning rat thyroid cell line (FRTL-5) responds acutely to the addition of TSH, norepinephrine, and the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 by a depression in iodide (I-) uptake levels. The decrease in I- content measured at the steady state depends on the presence of external Ca2+ and can be accounted for by an effect on sti...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-114-4-1108
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the structural and functional characteristics of insulin receptors from rat brain and liver from late gestation through adulthood as well as from cultured neuronal and glial cells from neonatal rats. Specific insulin binding was present on membrane preparations from brain and liver at all stages of developm...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-119-1-25
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiological roles for PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) appear varied, but remain to be clarified. The peptide is present in large amounts in milk, and PTHrP mRNA has been shown to be present in high amounts in lactating mammary gland. Because PTHrP can cause smooth muscle relaxation, we hypothesized that the peptide migh...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.133.3.8396010
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal immune tolerance is required for extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) to invade the decidua without rejection. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase-1 (ERAP1) generates human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-adapted antigenic peptides, but its function in trophoblasts lacking classical HLA class I molecules remains...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-1449
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activin A is a gonadal protein originally isolated from follicular fluid and is recognized as a local regulator of granulosa cell differentiation. Whether activin A promotes folliculogenesis, however, still remains unclarified. The present study was designed to elucidate the effect of activin A on follicular growth in...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.11.5526
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stimulation of mitogenesis in rat Nb2 node lymphoma cells by human (h) PRL was inhibited by inhibitors of Na+/H+ exchange (viz. amiloride and its analogs) and inhibitors of protein kinases (isoquinolinesulfonamide derivatives). The most potent were ethylisopropylamiloride (EP-Am) (IC50, 13 microM) and H-7, selective f...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-121-4-1503
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRK 1-6) stimulate short-term desensitization (< 5 min) by phosphorylating G-protein coupled receptors, and also participate in receptor sequestration, which may relate to intermediate-term desensitization (30-60 min). The existence of such kinases and hence a potential role for the...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.137.9.8756570
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 28,000 mol wt vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein (CaBP), first isolated from avian intestine, has recently been shown to exist in kidney and other tissues. To study the mechanism regulating the production of renal CaBP, we used primary cultures of chick kidney cells as an in vitro model. Renal cortical tubu...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-120-3-894
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pattern of glucagon gene expression and the posttranslational processing of proglucagon was studied in the fetal and neonatal rat. Pancreatic immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) and glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLI) were low in both fetal pancreas and intestine, respectively. Immediately after birth, pancreatic IRG r...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-127-5-2217
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pituitary GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) levels and LH secretion are suppressed in the lactating rat. To determine if LH synthesis is also inhibited, we have measured LH subunit mRNA levels in the pituitary of lactating rats. We have also examined the temporal relationship among restoration of GnRH-R, LH secretion, and LH syn...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-124-2-776
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide is a ubiquitous estrogen-regulated signaling molecule that has been implicated in the regulation of bone maturation and remodeling. To better understand the role that bone-cell-secreted nitric oxide plays in ovariectomy-induced modifications of bone turnover, we examined the expression of endothelial NO s...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2006-0334
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously identified a highly conserved specificity protein 1 (Sp1) DNA element in mammalian PTH promoters that acted as an enhancer of gene transcription and bound Sp1 and Sp3 proteins present in parathyroid gland nuclear extracts. More recently, a nuclear factor (NF)-Y element (NF-Y(prox)) was also described by ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-0272
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of nerve activation and of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine on adrenal corticosteroid release were investigated in intact isolated perfused pig adrenals with preserved nerve supply. To study the contact zones of medullary and cortical tissues, porcine adrenals were examined on the histolog...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-127-2-900
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00