Development of a new risk score for hospital-associated venous thromboembolism in critically-ill children not undergoing cardiothoracic surgery.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Although risk of hospital-associated venous thromboembolism (HA-VTE) differs between critically and non-critically ill children, studies to date have not led to distinct, pragmatic risk scores. OBJECTIVE:To determine risk factors for HA-VTE in critically ill children not undergoing cardiothoracic surgery, in order to derive a novel HA-VTE risk score for this population. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective analysis from January 2006 through April 2013 at All Children's Hospital Johns Hopkins Medicine. HA-VTE cases were identified using ICD-9 discharge diagnosis codes, with subsequent validation via radiologic record review. Cases were restricted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admissions. Patients who underwent cardiothoracic surgery were excluded; cardiac catheterization per se was not exclusionary. For each case, three non-HA-VTE PICU controls were randomly selected. Data were abstracted on putative risk factors, and associations between risk factors and HA-VTE were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). RESULTS:There were 57 HA-VTE cases and 171 controls. HA-VTE occurrence was 3 per 1000 PICU admissions (0.3%). Central venous catheter (CVC) (OR:26.64; 95%CI:7.46-95.13), length of stay (LOS) ≥4days (OR:20.22; 95%CI:2.27-180.07), and significant infection (OR:3.41; 95%CI:1.13-10.29) were independent, statistically-significant risk factors for HA-VTE in a multivariate model. A risk score was derived in which HA-VTE risk exceeded 2% (threshold for anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized adults) with a score of 15, and was >1% but <2% (risk zone for mechanical thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized adults) with scores of 7-14. CONCLUSION:The presence of a CVC, LOS≥4days and infection are significant risk factors for HA-VTE in critically ill children not undergoing cardiothoracic surgery, forming the basis for a new risk score that warrants prospective validation.

journal_name

Thromb Res

journal_title

Thrombosis research

authors

Arlikar SJ,Atchison CM,Amankwah EK,Ayala IA,Barrett LA,Branchford BR,Streiff MB,Takemoto CM,Goldenberg NA

doi

10.1016/j.thromres.2015.04.036

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-10-01 00:00:00

pages

717-22

issue

4

eissn

0049-3848

issn

1879-2472

pii

S0049-3848(15)00208-X

journal_volume

136

pub_type

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