Behavioral inferences from the high levels of dental chipping in Homo naledi.

abstract：:At least 29 species of fossil primates have been referred to fruit, nectar, and/or exudate feeding dietary niches. Many studies have detailed the morphological correlates of fruit feeding in comparison to insectivory and folivory. In contrast, few studies have sought to differentiate the morphological correlates of fr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Dumont ER

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that some observed patterns of force production in the primate masticatory system match those predicted by a simplified lever model. This model is also commonly invoked in adaptive explanations of craniodental diversity. However, systematic studies of the predictive power of this model are missi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Spencer MA

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between psychological stress and reduced fecundity has been a matter of speculation and investigation for decades. Most previous studies have been compromised, however, by a number of problems including ambiguous direction of causation, poorly operationalized variables, and the confounding of psycholo...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ellison PT,Lipson SF,Jasienska G,Ellison PL

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate advantages of principal component analysis (PCA) as a standardized procedure in the evaluation of osteoarthritis (OA) in a skeletal series to: (1) compute aggregate scores for joint complexes that accurately capture pathological expression, (2) reveal which variabl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Calce SE,Kurki HK,Weston DA,Gould L

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mesiodistal and buccolingual crown diameters were measured from dental casts representing the deciduous dentitions of 197 Aboriginal children from the Northern Territory of Australia. Double determination analysis indicated that the semi-automatic recording procedure used was reliable leading to observer errors of no ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Margetts B,Brown T

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied patterns of genetic relatedness and paternity in moustached tamarins, small Neotropical primates living in groups of 1-4 adult males and 1-4 adult females. Generally only one female per group breeds, mating with more than one male. Twin birth are the norm. In order to examine the genetic consequences of thi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Huck M,Löttker P,Böhle UR,Heymann EW

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The adventus Saxonum is a crucial event in English protohistory. Scholars from a range of disciplines dispute the scale and demographic profile of the purported colonizing population. The 5th-7th century burial ground at West Heslerton, North Yorkshire, is one of the few Anglian cemeteries where an associated settleme...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Montgomery J,Evans JA,Powlesland D,Roberts CA

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A controlled study of the relationship of two standard clinical indicators of osteoarthritis and porosity failed to demonstrate a relationship. Porosity appears to be a curiosity that has no clinical correlation and is not a sign of an identifiable rheumatologic disorder. It should be deleted as an identifier for oste...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rothschild BM

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interdisciplinary research has benefitted the fields of anthropology and engineering for decades: a classic example being the application of material science to the field of feeding biomechanics. However, after decades of research, discordances have developed in how mechanical properties are defined, measured, calcula...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Berthaume MA

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal reproductive investment includes both the energetic costs of gestation and lactation. For most humans, the metabolic costs of lactation will exceed those of gestation. Mothers must balance reproductive investment in any single offspring against future reproductive potential. Among mammals broadly, mothers may...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Quinn EA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A Monte Carlo simulation based on the population structure of a small-scale human population, the Semai Senoi of Malaysia, has been developed to study the combined effects of group, kin, and individual selection. The population structure resembles D.S. Wilson's structured deme model in that local breeding populations ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Fix AG

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We constructed a three-dimensional whole-body musculoskeletal model of the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) based on computed tomography and dissection of a cadaver. The skeleton was modeled as a chain of 20 bone segments connected by joints. Joint centers and rotational axes were estimated by joint morphology based ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ogihara N,Makishima H,Aoi S,Sugimoto Y,Tsuchiya K,Nakatsukasa M

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While hybridization has been reported for a large number of primate taxa, there is a general lack of data on hybrid morphology for wild individuals with known genetic ancestry. A confirmed hybrid zone for the closely related Neotropical primates Alouatta palliata and A. pigra has provided a unique opportunity to study...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kelaita MA,Cortés-Ortiz L

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexual dimorphism is a pervasive phenomenon among anthropoid primates. Comparative analyses over the past 30 years have greatly expanded our understanding of both variation in the expression of dimorphism among primates, and the underlying causes of sexual dimorphism. Dimorphism in body mass and canine tooth size is f...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Plavcan JM

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Body proportions and tissue composition (e.g., relative contributions of muscle, skin, bone, and adipose to total body mass) were determined through dissection of four adult captive lowland gorillas. The relative contribution of bone varies little among the four animals (10.2-13.4%) despite considerable range in body ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Zihlman AL,McFarland RK

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A brief description of the exposed middle ear from two Swartkrans specimens demonstrates the feasibility of examining the inner auditory structures of existing fossil hominid material. These Swartkrans fossils provide the first clear view of the early hominid middle ear, and their structures appear to be morphological...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rak Y,Clarke RJ

更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hadar site in Ethiopia is a prolific source of hominid fossils attributed to the species Australopithecus afarensis, which spans the period 3.4-3.0 million years (myr) in the Sidi Hakoma, Denen Dora and lower Kada Hadar Members of the Hadar Formation. Since 1992 a major focus of field work conducted at Hadar has c...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kimbel WH,Johanson DC,Rak Y

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The analysis of prehistoric human dietary habits is key for understanding the effects of paleoenvironmental changes on the evolution of cultural and social human behaviors. In this study, we compare results from zooarchaeological, stable isotope and dental calculus analyses as well as lower second molar macr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Oxilia G,Bortolini E,Badino F,Bernardini F,Gazzoni V,Lugli F,Romandini M,Radini A,Terlato G,Marciani G,Silvestrini S,Menghi Sartorio JC,Thun Hohenstein U,Fiorenza L,Kullmer O,Tuniz C,Moggi Cecchi J,Talamo S,Fontana F

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Physiological stress is one of the various factors that can have an impact on stable isotope ratios. However, its effect on bone collagen stable isotope ratios is still not fully understood. This study aims to build on previous research on how different disease stages may affect bone collagen stable isotop...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Curto A,Mahoney P,Maurer AF,Barrocas-Dias C,Fernandes T,Fahy GE

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genealogical and gene marker data from the closely related species Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis have been used to search for linkage between genes coding for the blood proteins albumin, carbonic anhydrase 1 and 2, diaphorase 1 and 2, group-specific component, glucose phosphate isomerase, hemoglobin alpha cha...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ferrell RE,Majumder PP,Smith DG

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents the demographic changes that followed the transition from a hunting-gathering way of life (Natufian) to an agricultural, food-producing economy (Neolithic) in the southern Levant. The study is based on 217 Natufian (10,500-8,300 BC) skeletons and 262 Neolithic (8,300-5,500 BC) skeletons. Age and se...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Eshed V,Gopher A,Gage TB,Hershkovitz I

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent research findings have highlighted the importance of early life conditions as risk factors for adult diseases and therefore determinants of subsequent survival. Given that individuals born during different seasons in seasonal environments experience different early-developmental conditions, an analysis of the e...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Muñoz-Tudurí M,García-Moro C

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examine the demographic correlates of paternity confidence, or men's assessment of the likelihood that they are the genetic father of a particular child. Evolutionary theory predicts that men will provide less parental investment for putative genetic offspring who are unlikely to be their actual offspring, but conf...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Anderson KG,Kaplan H,Lancaster JB

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition of disease in the archeologic record is facilitated by characterization of the skeletal impact of documented (in life) disease. The present study describes the osteological manifestations of leukemia as identified in the skeletons of two individuals diagnosed during life: a 3-year-old black girl with acute...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rothschild BM,Hershkovitz I,Dutour O,Latimer B,Rothschild C,Jellema LM

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New World monkeys vary considerably in the manner and degree to which they use their tails. There ought to arise a corresponding variation in the stresses on caudal vertebrae. Consequently, different behavior types will have contrasting caudal morphologies. This study investigates caudal morphology of several New Worl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： German RZ

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Cuncaicha, a rockshelter site in the southern Peruvian Andes, has yielded archaeological evidence for human occupation at high elevation (4,480 masl) during the Terminal Pleistocene (12,500-11,200 cal BP), Early Holocene (9,500-9,000 cal BP), and later periods. One of the excavated human burials (Feature 15-...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Karakostis FA,Reyes-Centeno H,Franken M,Hotz G,Rademaker K,Harvati K

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We investigated the genetic history of southern African populations with a special focus on their paternal history. We reexamined previous claims that the Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1b (E-M293) was brought to southern Africa by pastoralists from eastern Africa, and investigated patterns of sex-biased gene fl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bajić V,Barbieri C,Hübner A,Güldemann T,Naumann C,Gerlach L,Berthold F,Nakagawa H,Mpoloka SW,Roewer L,Purps J,Stoneking M,Pakendorf B

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dentitions of 208 prehistoric skeletal specimens from five geographic regions of Oregon were studied to describe their dental status. Comparisons were made of the incidence of specific pathologies among regions and between jaws. Maxillary premortem tooth losses were significantly higher than mandibular tooth loss. A r...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hall RL,Morrow R,Clarke JH

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The movement of humans into the Americas remains a major topic of debate among scientific disciplines. Central to this discussion is ascertaining the timing and migratory routes of the earliest colonizers, in addition to understanding their ancestry. Molecular studies have recently argued that the colonizing populatio...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Auerbach BM

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical studies of the relationship between developmental enamel defects and caries susceptibility have often produced conflicting results. This has been due in part to a failure to distinguish between different types of defects. Studies of this association in prehistoric populations have been rare. The complete deci...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Duray SM

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00