Aspects of the middle and external ear of early South African hominids.

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This research theoretically models and empirically records symphyseal surface strain during in vitro human mandibular wishboning (lateral transverse bending) in order to test one aspect of the hypothesis that the chin is an adaptive response to masticatory stresses. From a perspective of optimality, three qu...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Pampush JD,Daegling DJ

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new method for estimating adult age-at-death from the first rib was developed as a modification of the Kunos et al. (Am J Phys Anthropol 110 (1999) 303-323) method. Data were collected on three aspects of the first rib (costal face, rib head, and tubercle facet) for 470 known-age males of Balkan ancestry collected a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： DiGangi EA,Bethard JD,Kimmerle EH,Konigsberg LW

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studying the current distribution of genetic diversity in humans has important implications for our understanding of the history of our species. We analyzed a set of linked STR and SNP loci from the paternally inherited Y chromosome to infer the past demography of 55 African and Eurasian populations, using both the pa...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Aimé C,Heyer E,Austerlitz F

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The geometry of the midshaft cross-sections of the femur and humerus of five indriid species was analysed. Internal (marrow cavity) and external diameters were measured on X-rays in the anteroposterior (a-p) and mediolateral (m-l) planes; cross-sectional areas, second moments of area, and section moduli were calculate...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Demes B,Jungers WL,Selpien K

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two samples of protohistoric Iroquoians are found to show low values for bone formation indicators. Two southern Ontario ossuary samples, Kleinburg (1600 AD, N = 561) and Uxbridge (1490 +/- 80 AD, N = 457) are examined. Mean values for the cortical index (Barnett and Nordin, 1960) and percent cortical area (Garn, 1970...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Pfeiffer S,King P

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of structured and repetitive sounds by striking objects is a behavior found not only in humans, but also in a variety of animal species, including chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). In this study we examined individual and social factors that may influence the frequency with which individuals engage in drum...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Babiszewska M,Schel AM,Wilke C,Slocombe KE

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proportions of marine vs. terrestrial resources in prehistoric human diets in the southern Mariana Islands (Guam, Rota, Saipan), Micronesia, have been estimated by analysis of stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in bone collagen and of carbon in apatite. The isotopic composition of marine and terrestrial food...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ambrose SH,Butler BM,Hanson DB,Hunter-Anderson RL,Krueger HW

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male baboons use their sharp upper canines in aggressive interactions. These teeth are sharpened against specialized lower third premolars. The honing premolar is protected against wear by having very thick enamel and the upper canine having very thin enamel, not by structural or mineral differences between the two en...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Walker A

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Correlations between ridge-counts on the ten fingers were compared by race and sex in 11 samples representing Negroes and Caucasians: five from subsaharan Africa, one American Black, three European, one American White and one from India. The samples of European ancestry showed no consistent sex difference in mean corr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Jantz RL

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An examination of the Vértesszöllös occipital bone indicates the need for takings its condition and preservation as well as certain aspects of its morphology into account prior to a metric assessment of its features. This analysis confirms the presence of extrasutural bones on the lambdoidal suture as well as some dis...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Wolpoff MH

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parameters of Malécot's isolation-by-distance model are estimated for biological (anthropometric head and body dimensions, morphometric dimensions of metacarpal bones, quantitative and qualitative dermatoglyphic traits, and physiological/cardiorespiratory/variables) and linguistic distances and migrational kinship on ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rudan P,Simić D,Smolej-Narancić N,Bennett LA,Janićijević B,Jovanović V,Lethbridge MF,Milicić J,Roberts DF,Sujoldzić A

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We present a study of skeletal damage to four chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) infanticide victims from Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Skeletal analysis may provide insight into the adaptive significance of infanticide by examining whether nutritional benefits sufficiently explain infanticidal behavior. The nutr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kirchhoff CA,Wilson ML,Mjungu DC,Raphael J,Kamenya S,Collins DA

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ontogenetic samples of endocranial volumes (EVs) from great apes and humans are critical for understanding the evolution of the brain growth pattern in the hominin lineage. However, high quality ontogenetic data are scarce, especially for nonhuman primates. Here, we provide original data derived from an osteological c...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Neubauer S,Gunz P,Schwarz U,Hublin JJ,Boesch C

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Depicting past epidemics currently relies on DNA-based detection of pathogens, an approach limited to pathogens with well-preserved DNA sequences. We used paleoserology as a complementary approach detecting specific antibodies under a mini line-blot format including positive and negative control antigens. M...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Oumarou Hama H,Barbieri R,Guirou J,Chenal T,Mayer A,Ardagna Y,Signoli M,Aboudharam G,Raoult D,Drancourt M

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some erythrocyte genetic factors were studied in the indigenous population of Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, on the southeastern coast of the Arabian peninsula. Determinations carried out included blood groups and types ABO, MNS, Rh0, KkJsa, FyaFyb, P1, Lea, Vela, hemoglobin variants, and screenin...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kamel K,Chandy R,Mousa H,Yunis D

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article presents the results of a study of infant diet at two Iron Age sites on the island of Öland, Sweden. The cemetery at Bjärby contained a large number of subadults who had survived the earliest years of life, whereas most individuals at Triberga had died by 6 months of age. To investigate whether difference...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Howcroft R,Eriksson G,Lidén K

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:A variety of mechanical processes can result in antemortem dental chipping. In this study, chipping data in the teeth of Homo naledi are compared with those of other pertinent dental samples to give insight into their etiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Permanent teeth with complete crowns evidencing occlusal w...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Towle I,Irish JD,De Groote I

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the results of a study of the prevalence of nonsyndromic dental agenesis among a sample of 208 individuals (105 females, 103 males) between the ages of 15 and 29 years from a North American religious and genetic isolate, the Dariusleut Hutterites of Western Canada. Direct examination of dental casts, oral ex...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Mahaney MC,Fujiwara TM,Morgan K

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lactase persistence (LP) is the phenotypic trait in which lactase secretion is maintained during adulthood. LP is due to mutations in the LCT enhancer region, located 14-kb upstream of the gene. In Europeans, the -13910*T allele is associated with LP. In Africans this allele is rare while other mutations in this same ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Friedrich DC,Callegari-Jacques SM,Petzl-Erler ML,Tsuneto L,Salzano FM,Hutz MH

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A matrix decomposition model for analyzing prehistoric intracemetery biological variability is presented. The model, based on the correlation between interindividual biological and burial distance matrices, provides an estimate of the number of distinct burial populations interred within a single cemetery, which effec...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stojanowski CM

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several investigators have questioned the significance of handedness as an explanation of directional forelimb asymmetries, yet little has been done to isolate other explanatory factors. In this investigation, we analyze 61 female and 76 male rhesus macaque skeletons for evidence of age- and/or sex-associated variatio...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Helmkamp RC,Falk D

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The histological method developed by Stout and Paine ([1992] Aln. J. Phys. Antropol. 87:111-115) for estimating age at death using the clavicle is tested on a known age independent sample from a nineteenth century cemetery near Spitalfriedhof St. Johann in Basel, Switzerland. The mean absolute difference between repor...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stout SD,Porro MA,Perotti B

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An extensive (n = 739) sample of well-documented male pubic bones was examined for age-related features. Using the traditional aging methods, Todd's system was found to over-age and both the Todd and the McKern-Stewart systems did not account for age variability seen in advanced pubic bone patterns. Based on a 5-year ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Katz D,Suchey JM

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interpretations of skeletal anatomy claiming to show that Neandertals could not have had a similar supralaryngeal vocal apparatus to that of humans are demonstrated to be flawed. Correction of the errors suggests that the Neandertal vocal apparatus need not have differed from that of recent humans. ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Houghton P

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the Cercocebus-Mandrillus clade are united by several morphological features, including expanded premolars which are argued to be associated with a preponderance of hard objects in the diet. We test the association between premolar expansion and hard object feeding by examining how different dental regions ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： McGraw WS,Vick AE,Daegling DJ

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Central African small-scale foragers subsist primarily on hunting game activities and wild plant-food gathering. Starch-rich tubers are underground storage organs (USOs) and staple food resources in savanna and tropical rainforests. However, little is known about the effect of USO consumption on tooth wear d...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Romero A,Ramirez-Rozzi FV,Cuesta-Torralvo E,Pérez-Pérez A

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The higher primate scapula has been subject to many explanations of the putative "adaptive value" of its individual traits. However, the shift from the bone's position in above branch quadrupeds to its more posterolateral position in recent hominoids obviously required fundamental changes to its general form...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Selby MS,Lovejoy CO

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The condyles of 72 aged and sexed Haida Indians were measured for anteroposterior and mediolateral diameter and their approximate areas calculated. Dental wear was assessed for the same individuals. Asymmetry of condyle size did not appear to change with age. In a pair-wise analysis, no relationship was found between ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Costa RL Jr

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discovery of a previously unknown Bronze Age civilization (Oxus civilization) centered on the oases of Central Asia revealed the presence of large, preplanned urban centers immediately above sterile soil. Given the absence of local antecedents, the sudden appearance and proliferation of these Oxus civilization urban c...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hemphill BE

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper present the content of the Musée de l'Homme exhibition "Us and them: from prejudice to racism" and provides a detailed explanation of how this content has been presented to the public. In a second section of this paper we explain some of the analysis and concepts, from a biological anthropology perspective,...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Heyer E,Reynaud-Paligot C

更新日期：2020-10-18 00:00:00