Abstract：
:Diuretics are used in various conditions with fluid overload. Their efficacy in the management of congestive heart failure is well documented. In contrast, the indication of diuretics in chronic lung disease and central nervous system disorders of the newborn have not been clearly established. Substantial pharmacologic knowledge of diuretics in the young infant remains to be described. Most investigations on diuretics in the sick newborn infant have examined furosemide. In contrast, the pharmaco-dynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical indications, and toxicity of other diuretics used in the newborn require considerable further evaluation. Future studies using a combination of diuretics, acting at different segments of the nephron, also may provide newer therapeutic modalities to overcome or prevent the development of frequently observed tolerance to diuretics, as well as to treat refractory edema.
journal_name
Pediatr Clin North Amjournal_title
Pediatric clinics of North Americaauthors
Chemtob S,Kaplan BS,Sherbotie JR,Aranda JVdoi
10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36766-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-10-01 00:00:00pages
1231-50issue
5eissn
0031-3955issn
1557-8240pii
S0031-3955(16)36766-9journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In summary, wheezing is a common manifestation of viral respiratory tract disease in infancy. The precise pathogenetic mechanisms of virus-induced wheezing and its sequelae are not clear, although recent reports about participation of the cellular and humoral immune systems are promising. Although therapies like those...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36545-2
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The opportunity to mobilize linkages between quality improvement (QI) and research is at an early stage. This article describes some of the opportunities for and challenges of integrating QI and more traditional forms of clinical research to achieve broad improvements in medical care. The authors suggest that such int...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2009.05.008
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) there is dysregulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Insulin secretion becomes inappropriate for the level of blood glucose leading to severe hypoglycemia. HH is associated with a high risk of brain injury because insulin inhibits lipolysis and ketogenesis thus pre...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2015.04.010
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ingestion of caustic chemical agents, usually accidentally by children, produces a wide range of injuries from minor mouth burns to necrosis of the esophagus and stomach. The type of agent, amount, concentration, and duration of exposure are the determining factors. The treatment for the average burn is fairly wel...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36048-5
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern assessment of the tonsils and adenoids is based on an appreciation of new concepts pertaining to the pathogenesis of tonsil and adenoid disease. Recognition of the emergence of beta-lactamase-producing and encapsulated anaerobic bacteria in the tonsils and adenoids should lead to a reconsideration of present th...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36806-7
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eating behavior must be viewed as a complex phenomenon involving the coordination of motor, cognitive, social and emotional development, all under the regulation of both central and peripheral factors. Eating provides not only the necessary biologic substrate for human growth and normal physiologic function but is str...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38334-1
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) continue to be the most commonly used form of prescription contraceptives used by adolescents in the United States. With proper use, oral contraceptives provide safe and effective birth control. Broad categories of OCPs include progestin-only pills (POPs) and combined oral contraceptive...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2016.11.005
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cellular and molecular basis of congenital heart disease (CHD) is an evolving area of rapid discovery. This article introduced the basic mechanisms underlying cardiac development and CHD in order to permit a clear understanding of current diagnostics and therapeutics and their future development. It is clear that ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2006.08.010
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Racial bias is pervasive throughout society and can impact children and adolescents in the health care, education, and criminal justice systems. This article provides a state-of-the-science review of implicit bias in health care. It also reviews the evidence of how bias impacts children in other aspects of society, ex...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2019.12.011
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been speculated that autism and specific language impairment share common underlying neural substrates because of the overlap in language impairment issues and evidence suggesting parallels in other domains and implying a possible shared genetic risk. Anatomically the two sets of disorders have generally been s...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2007.02.007
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The more common and more glaring pitfalls in developmental diagnosis encountered during infancy and early childhood have been outlined. Much of the ability to avoid these traps depends on a comfortable understanding of the four spheres of early child development and a sound familiarity with the principles of developme...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38228-1
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary childhood brain tumors are the second most common form of childhood cancer. Though progress in this area has been slow, the field has evolved considerably over the past 10 years. This article focuses on new information that will influence our treatment of the more common pediatric brain tumors. ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)34829-5
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, convened and staffed by the U.S. Public Health Service, is evaluating the scientific basis of various preventive services to develop age- and sex-specific recommendations concerning their appropriate use in clinical settings. Over the course of the next few years, the Task Forc...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36086-2
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injuries to the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract following blunt abdominal trauma continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric age group. Optimal treatment of these injuries is frequently hampered by considerable delays in diagnosis. Factors contributing to these delays include the...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)33136-4
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatigue is one of the most prevalent symptoms in patients with a life-threatening illness. Untreated, fatigue can impair quality of life and prohibit addressing practical needs, psychosocial and spiritual distress, and opportunities for growth and closure at life's end. To this end addressing fatigue is a crucial comp...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2007.07.006
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selected topics of violence against children and adolescents that occur in countries outside of the United States are discussed. Focus is given to middle-income and low-income countries and emphasis is placed on the epidemiology of this pressing public health problem, particularly on conditions that are peculiar to ch...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70016-x
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthmatic children living in low-income families in United States inner city communities continue to have disproportionately high rates of hospitalizations, emergency department visits, disability, and death. Current research implicates a combination of environmental, biologic, and disease mismanagement factors that u...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(03)00045-2
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medications to treat children with rheumatic disease include disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, glucocorticosteroids, and biologic response modifiers that target mediators and cells involved in autoimmunity and inflammation. Although usually well-tolerated, such medications have many possible side effects, of whic...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2018.04.008
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade has seen an increase of interest in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). With the prevalence now approaching 1%, children with ASD are usually first evaluated by clinicians working in primary care, such as pediatricians and family practitioners. Although classic autism is easy to recognize, differentiating...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2011.10.007
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lack of success in achieving considerable reductions in neonatal mortality is a contributory factor in failing to achieve Millennium Development Goal 4.2.6 million neonates still die each year, with preterm birth and infections the two leading causes. Maternal infections and environmental and infant factors influence ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2017.03.008
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The author discusses his experience with the flexible bronchoscope, covering current instrumentation, techniques, and indications and contraindications, showing that, when used carefully by a well-trained physician, the flexible bronchoscope is a safe, relatively simple, and effective tool for exploration of the pedia...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)34645-4
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although breastfeeding is well accepted as the optimal method of infant feeding, the US failed to reach the goals set for the year 2000. Support from employers, health insurers, health providers, and society are required to reach the goals set forth in Healthy People 2010-75% of mothers initiate breastfeeding, 50% of ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70298-4
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prevention of enuresis has not been studied directly. Positive results from a randomized clinical trial evaluating early intervention for children at risk for enuresis would establish the value of prevention and help to promote its practice. Enuresis is not a disease process, and therefore a clinical trial may never b...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36078-3
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The renin-angiotensin system plays multiple roles in the maintenance of normal blood pressure and renal function. The balance and integration of these roles change during development in ways that we do not yet fully understand. This article reviews the ways in which the renin-angiotensin system maintains normal cardio...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38481-4
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human autoinflammatory diseases (except for the periodic fever, adenopathy, pharyngitis, aphthae syndrom) are a heterogeneous group of genetically determined diseases characterized by seemingly unprovoked inflammation, in the absence of autoimmune or infective causes. Tremendous advances in the understanding of these ...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2005.01.005
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most common presenting symptoms at the pediatrician's office. Etiology ranges from benign conditions to serious ones requiring prompt attention. This article addresses entities that present as musculoskeletal pain but are not associated with arthritis. The most common nonarthritic co...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2012.03.012
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emergency medicine requires diagnosing unfamiliar patients with undifferentiated acute presentations. This requires hypothesis generation and questioning, examination, and testing. Balancing patient load, care across the severity spectrum, and frequent interruptions create time pressures that predispose humans to fast...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pcl.2018.07.003
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of feeding skills is an extremely complex process influenced by multiple anatomic, neurophysiologic, environmental, social, and cultural factors. Most children negotiate the necessary developmental sequence without significant difficulties. An understanding of the development of normal feeding abilitie...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38229-3
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The family is the most central and enduring influence on children. Families, regardless of their composition, are themselves subject to a variety of social forces that influence how well they are able to meet children's needs. Pediatricians who understand the functions families serve and the factors that constrain the...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38910-6
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter has reviewed the deficiencies in immune defense that place the neonate, particularly the premature infant, at increased risk of invasive bacterial disease. We also have reviewed the literature on the rationale for exchange transfusion, granulocyte transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulin, and fibronectin a...
journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36038-2
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
