The ecology of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in the developed world.

Abstract:

Background:Since the initial appearance in the 1980s, Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) have increased in prevalence and emerged as a major antimicrobial-resistant pathogen. The source of these antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the developed world is an area of active investigation. Methods:A standard internet search was conducted with a focus on the epidemiology and potential sources of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the developed world. Results:The last decade has witnessed several major changes in the epidemiology of these bacteria: replacement of TEM and SHV-type ESBLs by CTX-M-family ESBLs, emergence of Escherichia coli ST131 as a prevalent vehicle of ESBL, and spread of ESBL-producing E. coli in the community. The most studied potential sources of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in humans in the community include food and companion animals, the environment and person-to-person transmission, though definitive links are yet to be established. Evidence is emerging that international travel may serve as a major source of introduction of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae into the developed world. Conclusions:ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae has become a major multidrug-resistant pathogen in the last two decades, especially in the community settings. The multifactorial nature of its expansion poses a major challenge in the efforts to control them.

journal_name

J Travel Med

authors

Doi Y,Iovleva A,Bonomo RA

doi

10.1093/jtm/taw102

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-04-01 00:00:00

pages

S44-S51

issue

suppl_1

eissn

1195-1982

issn

1708-8305

pii

3782738

journal_volume

24

pub_type

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