Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:In an effort to reduce methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission through universal screening and isolation, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) launched the National MRSA Prevention Initiative in October 2007. The objective of this analysis was to quantify the budget impact and cost effectiveness of this initiative. METHODS:An economic model was developed using published data on MRSA hospital-acquired infection (HAI) rates in the VA from October 2007 to September 2010; estimates of the costs of MRSA HAIs in the VA; and estimates of the intervention costs, including salaries of staff members hired to support the initiative at each VA facility. To estimate the rate of MRSA HAIs that would have occurred if the initiative had not been implemented, two different assumptions were made: no change and a downward temporal trend. Effectiveness was measured in life-years gained. RESULTS:The initiative resulted in an estimated 1,466-2,176 fewer MRSA HAIs. The initiative itself was estimated to cost $207 million during this 3-year period, while the cost savings from prevented MRSA HAIs ranged from $27 million to $75 million. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged from $28,048 to $56,944/life-years. The overall impact on the VA's budget was $131-$179 million. CONCLUSIONS:Wide-scale implementation of a national MRSA surveillance and prevention strategy in VA inpatient settings may have prevented a substantial number of MRSA HAIs. Although the savings associated with prevented infections helped offset some but not all of the cost of the initiative, this model indicated that the initiative would be considered cost effective.
journal_name
Am J Prev Medjournal_title
American journal of preventive medicineauthors
Nelson RE,Stevens VW,Khader K,Jones M,Samore MH,Evans ME,Douglas Scott R 2nd,Slayton RB,Schweizer ML,Perencevich EL,Rubin MAdoi
10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-05-01 00:00:00pages
S58-S65issue
5 Suppl 1eissn
0749-3797issn
1873-2607pii
S0749-3797(15)00696-0journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:The relationships among food access, foods consumed, and nutritional status and health in developing countries are not well understood. Between 2013 and 2018, differences in the rural food environment and access to food, nutritional status, and body size in the rural villages where the Pune Maternal Nutrit...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.10.017
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The delivery of effective interventions to assist patients to improve their physical activity and dietary behaviors is a challenge in the busy primary care setting. DESIGN:Cluster RCT with practices randomized to telephone counseling intervention or usual care. Data collection took place from February 2005 ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.042
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Subclinical inflammation is a novel risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. An inverse association between plasma adiponectin and insulin resistance has been previously shown. Elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) predict future cardiovascular events. Smoking has...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.011
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population of Rhode Island is aging more rapidly than that of most states and, therefore, can be used to illustrate the effects of aging on health systems, effects that may occur somewhat later or less extensively in most other states. Rhode Island population projections indicate a lull in aging between 1990 and 2...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The public health enterprise has a people problem. An aging workforce coupled with a sustained, strong economy and healthcare sector has made the recruitment and retention of young, educated staff challenging. Approximately one third of public health staff aged 33 years and younger are considering leaving ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2020.03.017
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies describing sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention practices of primary care physicians have relied on physician or patient reports. This study describes physician STD/HIV prevention practices as observed by unannounced simulated patient evaluators (SPEs). SPEs visi...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This is a preliminary report from a research collaboration between Asian Health Services (community health center); Koreans in Alameda County, California; and the University of California at Berkeley School of Public Health. This five-year Centers for Disease Control and Prevention project supports a colla...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:USA Football has made the Heads Up Football (HUF) concussion education program available for coaches of youth football players. Existing evidence about the effectiveness of the HUF coach education program is equivocal. For HUF and other programs, there is growing concern that even effective interventions c...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.12.021
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Healthy People 2020-specific respiratory diseases objectives seek to increase the proportion of people with current asthma who receive appropriate asthma care. For adults, this includes a discussion of whether asthma is work-related. PURPOSE:To establish a baseline measure of physician-patient communication...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.021
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although some view the ownership of firearms as a deterrent to crime, the relationship between population-level firearm ownership rates and violent criminal perpetration is unclear. The purpose of this study is to test the association between state-level firearm ownership and violent crime. METHODS:State-...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.02.008
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Hmong immigrated to the United States from Laos after the Vietnam conflict ended. Hmong encounter numerous readjustment issues, including health care. Traditional Hmong health beliefs and practices encompass more spiritual than biological etiologies. Hmong usually seek the first course of treatment from ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.04.003
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A systematic review of the literature to assess the effectiveness of ignition interlocks for reducing alcohol-impaired driving and alcohol-related crashes was conducted for the Guide to Community Preventive Services (Community Guide). Because one of the primary research issues of interest--the degree to which the inst...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.11.012
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Health systems now employ more than half of U.S. physicians. They have the potential to affect primary care through decision support and financial incentives around clinical prevention guidelines. The processes by which they respond to and implement clinical guidelines remain largely unexplored. METHODS:I...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.07.025
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most major medical organizations recommend routine screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers. Screening can lead to early detection of these cancers, resulting in reduced mortality. Yet not all people who should be screened are screened, either regularly or, in some cases, ever. This report presents resul...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.04.008
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this prospective study is to examine the role of emotional abuse in predicting youth smoking. METHODS:Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. The sample was restricted to those who had an interview at age 12 years and at least one interview at ages 14, 16, ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.08.020
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:More than half a million U.S. women and more than 100,000 men are treated for injuries from intimate partner violence (IPV) annually, making IPV perpetration a major public health problem. However, little is known about causes of perpetration across the life course. PURPOSE:This paper examines the role of "...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.10.016
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To improve methods for long-term weight management, the Weight Loss Maintenance (WLM) trial, a four-center randomized trial, was conducted to compare alternative strategies for maintaining weight loss over a 30-month period. This paper describes methods and results for the initial 6-month weight-loss program...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.04.013
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A substantial challenge in addressing adolescent tobacco use is that smoking behaviors occur in complex environments that involve the school setting and larger community context. PURPOSE:This study provides an integrated description of factors from the school and community environment that affect youth smok...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.08.019
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Four common factors--cigarette smoking, risky drinking of alcoholic beverages, physical inactivity, and overweight--contribute substantially to chronic disease prevalence. METHODS:We used data from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey to provide an up-to-date picture of multiple risk factor prevalence ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.04.017
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Telephone quitlines are utilized by diverse individuals and represent an effective tobacco-cessation modality. Quitlines allow tobacco users to seek support for multiple quit attempts. Little is known about how frequently tobacco users take advantage of this opportunity. No studies have been conducted to det...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.03.025
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improving population health requires understanding and changing societal structures and functions, but countervailing forces sometimes undermine those changes, thus reflecting the adaptive complexity inherent in public health systems. The purpose of this paper is to propose systems thinking as a conceptual rubric for ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.05.014
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Reducing racial/ethnic disparities in preterm birth is a priority for U.S. public health programs. The study objective was to quantify the relative contribution of geographic, sociodemographic, and health determinants to the black, non-Hispanic and white, non-Hispanic preterm birth disparity. METHODS:Cros...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.07.007
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We examined levels of diabetes preventive care services and glycemic and lipid control among African Americans with diabetes in two North Carolina communities. METHODS:Cross-sectional, population-based study of 625 African-American adults with diagnosed diabetes. Participants had a household interview to de...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00351-8
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescence and young adulthood, a period essential for determining exposures over the life-course, is an ideal time to intervene to lower cancer risk. This demographic group can be viewed as both the target audience and generator of messages for cancer prevention, such as skin cancer, obesity-, tobacco-, and human pa...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.05.024
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the effects of a multisite environmental prevention initiative, the "A Matter of Degree" (AMOD) program, on student heavy alcohol consumption and resultant harms at ten colleges. METHODS:A quasi-experimental longitudinal analysis of alcohol consumption and harms was employed, using repeated cross...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.06.008
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Influenza vaccination for all children aged 6 months to 18 years has been recommended since 2008 to prevent flu-related morbidity and mortality. However, 2010-2011 influenza vaccine coverage estimates show under-vaccination in children of all ages. We examined predictors of influenza vaccination in Michigan ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.03.002
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past 10 years a good deal of effort has focused on preventing cigarette smoking among adolescents. This effort has often been made without a clear understanding of (1) which groups within the population are at highest risk, (2) which variables are associated with habitual smoking rather than experimentation...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Sexual violence, particularly in the context of drinking, is prevalent on college campuses. This study tested a brief intervention to prevent sexual violence among students receiving care from college health centers. STUDY DESIGN:This study was a two-arm, unblinded cluster RCT. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS:On 28...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2020.02.007
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concepts of dissemination can be applied to the international challenges of promoting physical activity. With the 2004 release of the World Health Organization Global Strategy for Diet and Physical Activity, risk factor reduction and noncommunicable disease control are of global health interest. A six-step framewo...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.06.026
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Exposure to violence victimization may help explain disparities of substance use among gender-nonconforming youth (i.e., those whose gender expression differs from societal expectations). METHODS:In 2015, three large urban school districts (2 in California and 1 in Florida) conducted a Youth Risk Behavior...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.12.021
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00