Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:This paper examines the short-term risk of cause-specific death following widowhood. METHOD:We followed all individuals registered as married in Norway in 1975 for marital status and mortality until 2006. Widowed individuals were followed for mortality for 7years following widowhood. Causes of death were categorized into five cause-groups. Life tables were used in survival analyses. RESULTS:Deaths among the widowed were most frequent in the week following widowhood. In this week and compared to married individuals, there were more deaths including those from malignant cancer in men (hazard ratio (HR) of 1.51; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.89), from external causes in men (HR=3.64; 95% CI: 2.01, 5.28), and from respiratory diseases (HR=2.18; 95% CI: 1.52, 2.84 in men and HR=3.18; 95% CI: 2.26, 4.09 in women). A majority of respiratory deaths were from pneumonia. Thereafter excess mortality among the widowed dropped gradually. Although these numbers stabilized, they were still elevated in year 7. Excess mortality was particularly high in the youngest age group considered (55-64years) and decreased with age, though more so in men than in women. Only a few more widowed individuals than expected died of a condition in the same cause-group as their spouses. CONCLUSION:A novel finding was that excess deaths in the week following widowhood also were from cancer and respiratory diseases. Men in the youngest age group seemed most vulnerable. Prevention should be considered directly after the death of a spouse, and measures should be aimed at virtually all causes of death.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Brenn T,Ytterstad Edoi
10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.06.019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-01 00:00:00pages
251-256eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(16)30144-Xjournal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The goal of this study is to provide, for the United States, estimates for gun-owning and non-owning households in terms of firearm and non-firearm suicides and suicide attempts. To make these ballpark estimates I combine a half-dozen known "facts" about suicide (e.g., households with firearms are at approximately 3× ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.12.003
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) (e.g. weight training), confers unique health benefits. While socioeconomic status (SES) correlates with leisure time physical activity, little is known about its relation with MSA. METHODS:Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of 8993 Australian adults (>18yea...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.06.020
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Invited editorial for PM 17 348R2, a CDC survey regarding primary HPV testing. ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.09.010
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We report process data on the feasibility of delivering a clinical preventive nutrition intervention that was effective in increasing participants' consumption of fruits and vegetables. We also examine relationships between process variables and study outcomes. METHODS:We randomly assigned six practice site...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.2001.0863
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We evaluated the associations between putative occupational and epidemiologic determinants and influenza vaccine acceptance among health care workers during two consecutive seasons. METHODS:Multiple logistic regression models were developed to identify predictors of vaccine acceptance during 1991-1992, then...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1996.9991
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Physical activity has been shown to attenuate the association between overweight/obesity and mortality. Much less is known, however, on how the duration of overweight/obesity potentially alters this association, which was the purpose of this study. METHODS:The 1999-2006 NHANES was used and 11,057 adults (ag...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.12.002
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the psychometric properties of a new measure of barriers youth encounter while walking to specific destinations and to validate the measure with self-reported walking to these destinations. METHODS:In 2005 in Boston, Cincinnati and San Diego, parents of youth (n=289, aged 5-18) and adolescents...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.12.006
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent trends of cervical cancer incidence by histology and age in the United States (U.S.) have not been reported. We examined contemporary trends in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) incidence rates in the U.S. by age group, race/ethnicity, and stage at diagnosis after accounting for hys...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.04.010
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：METHODS:Serum lipoprotein profiles in 4,231 individuals, ages 5-26 years, were studied cross-sectionally in a biracial community to describe the race- and gender-specific changes from adolescence into young adulthood. RESULTS:White children and adolescents of both genders showed significantly higher covariates--adjust...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(91)90063-a
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human papillomavirus (HPV) is highly prevalent in men and there is an interest in further understanding the relationship between HPV infection and disease in men, including the development of genital warts, penile intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive penile carcinomas. Genital warts are caused by HPV 6/11 and are th...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.08.002
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Body mass index (BMI) is believed to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risks. A major question is whether each BMI category provides independent risk information and whether the BMI categories provide similar results for African-American (AA) men and women relative to lipid, lipoproteins, and b...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.06.013
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this research is to investigate peer-to-peer sexual violence victimization and perpetration among male and female adolescents in a large, racially and economically diverse, community-based sample. Using cross-sectional data over a four-year period (2009-2013) from a regional sample of middle school and ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.032
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skin cancer presents a significant public health burden in Australia. The present study aimed to supplement population-based estimates of sun protection behaviour by examining setting-specific trends in directly observed sun protection in public outdoor leisure settings. Repeated cross-sectional observational surveys ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106230
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Features of the physical environment have an impact on the human behaviour. Thus, planners and policymakers around the world should aim at providing environments that are perceived as being of good quality, in which the residents enjoy spending time and moving around in. It is widely acknowledged that urban environmen...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.11.015
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Examine if home environmental factors are associated with screen-viewing. METHODS:Data are for 2670, 3rd and 9th grade participants in Denmark, Portugal, Estonia and Norway collected between 1997 and 2000. Outcomes were spending >2 h after-school watching television (TV) and >1 h per day playing computer gam...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.07.016
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is a serious, chronic illness among U.S. children. Approximately 6% of all children under 18 years of age in the United States suffer from asthma--prevalence rates in our inner cities are even higher. The impact this disease has on children, their families, and society is profound and easily translatable into l...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1993.1051
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The goal of this study is to better understand factors related to physician treatment of tobacco as a chronic medical condition. METHODS:In the fall of 2000, we conducted a mail survey of primary care physicians in a large mid-western health plan. The response rate was 61% (750/1235). The survey assessed ph...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.11.016
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Whereas self-efficacy expectations have been identified as important determinants of exercise participation patterns, little empirical work that examines efficacy expectations as outcomes of exercise participation or their theoretical relationship to other psychological outcomes associated with exercise has ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1995.1053
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Little is known about the types of physical activity (PA) in which adolescent girls participate. Understanding this, along with examining specific psychosocial correlates of PA, may help guide the development of effective interventions to prevent the decline in PA in female youth. METHODS:2791 sixth grade gi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.02.012
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Physicians prescribing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), or health plans covering NRT, often want their patients to receive adjuvant behavioral treatment. However, how to do that in a "real world" is unclear. This paper reports results from a public health program that uses proactive telephone counseling a...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0720
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We described the prevalence of overweight and obesity among low-income women in rural West Virginia (WV) and urban Los Angeles County (LA County). Both communities participated in the national Communities Putting Prevention to Work program during 2010-2012. In each community, we completed health assessments on adult w...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.02.016
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fast food (FF) industry has expanded rapidly in China during the past two decades, in parallel with an increase in the prevalence of obesity. Using government-reported longitudinal data from 21 provinces and cities in China, this study examined the growth over time and the spatial distribution patterns of the FF i...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.07.002
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite growing public awareness, health systems are struggling under the escalating burden of non-communicable diseases. While personal responsibility is crucial, alone it is insufficient. We argue that one must place themselves within the broader/global context to begin to truly understand the health implications of...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.05.006
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) forms an increasing health problem. Despite smoking cessation improving the prognosis of the disease, many patients persist smoking. The present study presents the results of a smoking cessation counseling protocol in general practice (Smoking Cessation in patient...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.08.003
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between TV/video viewing, as a measure of sedentary behavior, and risk of incident stroke in a large prospective cohort of men and women. METHODS:This analysis involved 22,257 participants from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Str...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.02.013
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer risk factors include age; a family history of the disease in first-degree relatives (particularly if premenopausal with bilateral disease); proliferative benign breast disease with or without atypia; mammographic parenchymal pattern showing glandular, dense, dysplastic, or Wolfe P2 changes; and obesity. ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(91)90009-s
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify determinants of use of smoking cessation aids among current and former smokers in the European Union (EU). METHODS:Data from n=9921 current and ex-smokers from 27 European countries (Eurobarometer 77.1, February-March 2012) were analysed. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to assess...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.05.004
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Researchers have advocated mediational analysis for behavioral intervention studies to link the supporting theory used in an intervention with the mediating variables and with its ultimate success or failure. Few mediational analyses have been reported for school-based nutrition studies. The conduct of media...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.03.022
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Data on smoking cessation and relapse for 6 yers of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial were evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses to determine the relationship between variables measured at the beginning of the trial and smoking cessation and relapse for special intervention and usual ca...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(91)90057-b
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To estimate the prevalence of physical activity (PA) and associated variables in the Moroccan adult population. METHODS:Population-based, May 2008 survey of a representative sample of Moroccan adults. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS:Mean age was 41.4 yea...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.03.009
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
