Abstract：
:Potential threat can prime defensive responding and avoidance behavior, which may result in the loss of rewards. When aversive consequences do not occur, avoidance should, thus, be quickly overcome in healthy individuals. This study examined the impact of threat anticipation on reward-based decisions. Sixty-five participants completed a decision-making task in which they had to choose between high- and low-reward options. To model an approach-avoidance conflict, the high-reward option was contingent with a threat-of-shock cue; the low-reward option was contingent with a safety cue. In control trials, decisions were made without threat/safety instructions. Overall, behavioral data documented a typical preference for the profitable option. Importantly, under threat-of-shock, participants initially avoided the profitable option (i.e., safe, but less profitable choices). However, when they experienced that shocks did actually not occur, participants overcame initial avoidance in favor of larger gains. Furthermore, autonomic arousal (skin conductance and heart rate responses) was elevated during threat cues compared to safety and non-threatening control cues. Taken together, threat-of-shock was associated with behavioral consequences: initially, participants avoided threat-related options but made more profitable decisions as they experienced no aversive consequences. Although socially acquired threat contingencies are typically stable, incentives for approach can help to overcome threat-related avoidance.
journal_name
Behav Res Therjournal_title
Behaviour research and therapyauthors
Bublatzky F,Alpers GW,Pittig Adoi
10.1016/j.brat.2017.01.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-09-01 00:00:00pages
47-56eissn
0005-7967issn
1873-622Xpii
S0005-7967(17)30005-0journal_volume
96pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Suicide risk is thought to increase with a greater potential for activation of suicide-related schemas. Suicide schemas are less likely to be activated with reductions of emotional range associated with certain negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The study tested whether suicide risk would increase in patients with re...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2007.03.007
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of emotional valence on attention have been shown to occur even when stimuli are presented outside awareness. The impact of negative valence on stimulus processing has been demonstrated to be particularly salient in anxiety. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that compared to nonanxious individuals, anxious i...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2004.01.005
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a growing interest on how mental imagery may be involved in the onset and maintenance of anxiety-related disorders. Here, we used an experimental design to investigate whether a key symptom across anxiety-related disorders, namely avoidance, can be induced via mental imagery. Healthy participants first learne...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2020.103652
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A defining characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is unsuccessful suppression of unwanted thoughts. Recent evidence of individual differences in ability to control intrusive thoughts may inform our understanding of failures of cognitive control associated with OCD symptomatology. The current study inves...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2009.01.014
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persistent avoidance may be influenced by prior negative reinforcement rate (i.e., how effective the response is at controlling threat). In clinical settings, the effectiveness of extinction-based methods for treating anxiety-related avoidance may be impacted by prior reinforcement rate. Here, we conducted a laborator...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2020.103711
更新日期：2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present research was to assess whether a psychoactive dose of caffeine would have differential affects on the mood dimensions of arousal versus feelings of pleasantness and whether these mood alterations would influence memory either by (1) the experience of arousal at learning and/or (2) altered an...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0005-7967(98)00190-9
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tendency to perceive anxious states as aversive and harmful is hypothesized to confer vulnerability to the development of anxiety disorders. The most commonly used measure of anxiety sensitivity, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index [ASI; Reiss, S., Peterson, R.A., Gursky, D.M., & McNally R.J. (1986). Anxiety sensitivity...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2006.09.017
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Past research has largely focused on examining self-esteem as an independent as opposed to a dependent variable. At the same time, research suggests that during adolescence, self-esteem is subject to yearly, monthly, as well as daily change, and consequently, it is important to identify underlying vulnerability factor...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2012.06.002
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) is prominent in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), and there is abundant evidence that affect regulation plays an important role in NSSI in the majority of patients. Affective variability is a core feature of BPD, and thus, we hypothesize that NSSI has an affect stab...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2017.02.003
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individual cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is a recommended treatment in the acute phase and beyond. However, less is known about the effectiveness of group CBTp in acute care. This mixed methods study explored the implementation and effectiveness of brief group CBTp with inpatients. This prospective ...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2014.12.008
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the long-term outcomes of internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) for children with anxiety disorders, and potential pre-treatment predictors of treatment outcome. METHOD:The sample included eighty-four children (8-12 years old) with anxiety disorders, from both a treatme...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2016.12.008
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study tested the hypotheses that interpretations of voices will be associated with distress linked to auditory hallucinations, and that patients experiencing hallucinations will exhibit higher levels of negative interpretations in comparison with non-patients. METHOD:The Interpretation of Voices Invent...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.009
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Network orientation is conceptualized as an individual's attitudes and expectations regarding the usefulness of support networks in coping with stress. The present research examined the potential for network orientation to explicate the well documented association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and atte...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2008.12.006
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents are common and impairing. As many patients do not benefit from - or have difficulties accessing - frontline treatments, novel, effective and easy-to-deliver interventions are needed. Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations (CBM-I) training has been used to treat adu...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2013.07.001
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Eating disorder NOS" is the most common eating disorder encountered in outpatient settings yet it has been neglected. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of eating disorder NOS, establish its severity, and determine whether its high relative prevalence might be due to the inclusion of cases clos...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2007.01.010
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huitema and McKean (Psychological Bulletin, 110, 291-304, 1991) recently showed, in a Monte-Carlo study, that five conventional estimators of first-order autocorrelation perform poorly for small (< 50) sample sizes. They suggested a modified estimator and a test for autocorrelation. We examine an estimator not conside...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0005-7967(93)90009-j
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigates two factors hypothesised as relevant to obsessional problems because of the way in which they influence decisions whether or not to act to prevent harm. These are (i) the way in which intrusive thoughts increase the internal awareness of harm, and confront the person with the possibility of tak...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00145-x
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study investigated the relationship between self-focused attention (SFA) and post-event processing (PEP) in social anxiety. SFA is the process of directing attention to internal stimuli during a social interaction. PEP is a detailed review of performance following an interaction. Highly socially anxious students (...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2011.10.010
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) emphasize the importance of mindfulness practice at home as an integral part of the program. However, the extent to which participants complete their assigned practice is not yet clear, nor is it clear whether this practice is ass...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2017.05.004
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychotherapists report routinely not practising evidence-based treatments. However, there is little research examining the content of therapy from the patient perspective. This study examined the self-reported treatment experiences of individuals who had been told that they had received cognitive-behavior therapy (CB...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2015.10.009
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The effectiveness of a combined methylphenidate/behavioural treatment (BT) versus methylphenidate-only for Chinese children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was tested in routine clinical practice in Hong Kong. METHODS:A randomized group comparison design was adopted with two treatment c...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2008.06.007
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2013.10.003
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fear-conditioning experiments in the anxiety disorders focus almost exclusively on passive-emotional, Pavlovian conditioning, rather than active-behavioral, instrumental conditioning. Paradigms eliciting both types of conditioning are needed to study maladaptive, instrumental behaviors resulting from Pavlovian abnorma...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2014.03.009
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is increasing recognition that instead of being motivated by a desire to prevent harm and reduce anxiety, some obsessive-compulsive symptoms may be driven by a desire to get things 'just right' or 'complete' and to reduce a sense of discomfort. However, existing data is largely from non-clinical samples. Therefo...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2016.09.013
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared and combined fluoxetine and individual cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. Participants were 76 women who sought treatment at the Eating Disorders Program of the Toronto Hospital and who met DSM-III-R criteria for bulimia nervosa. Subjects were randomly assigned to rec...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00041-7
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Avoidance towards innocuous stimuli is a key characteristic across anxiety-related disorders and chronic pain. Insights into the relevant learning processes of avoidance are often gained via laboratory procedures, where individuals learn to avoid stimuli or movements that have been previously associated with an aversi...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brat.2020.103712
更新日期：2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-one tension headache sufferers and 21 control subjects were exposed to a series of psychological stressors and an ischemic pain task, involving a tourniquet around the arm. Compared to control subjects, headache patients showed higher heart rates and evidence of more prolonged vasoconstriction in the hands and ...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0005-7967(09)80008-9
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that social phobia may be characterized by two interpretation biases. First, a tendency to interpret ambiguous social events in a negative fashion. Second, a tendency to interpret unambiguous but mildly negative social events in a catastrophic fashion. To assess this possibility, patients with ge...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00043-1
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using the lick-suppression methodology of Jacobs, Buttrick & Kennedy (Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science, 23, 29-34, 1988), a conditioned emotional response (CER) was established in 24 rats using off-the-baseline pairings of a light (the conditional stimulus) and brief footshock (the unconditioned stimulus). Foll...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0005-7967(90)90055-n
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parental history and experiential factors in the development of snake and spider phobia were studied. Phobic women (DSM-IV, n = 158) reported on family history of animal phobia and whether direct (being frightened by the phobic object) or indirect (seeing someone else being frightened by and/or being warned of the pho...
journal_title：Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00076-9
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
