Roles of estrogen receptor-alpha in mediating life span: the hypothalamic deregulation hypothesis.

Abstract:

:In several species caloric restriction (CR) extends life span. In this paper we integrate data from studies on CR and other sources to articulate the hypothalamic deregulation hypothesis by which estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) signaling in the hypothalamus and limbic system affects life span under the stress of CR in mammals. ER-α is one of two principal estrogen-binding receptors differentially expressed in the amygdala, hippocampus, and several key hypothalamic nuclei: the arcuate nucleus (ARN), preoptic area (POA), ventromedial nucleus (VMN), antero ventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic nucleus (SON), and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Estradiol signaling via ER-α is essential in basal level functioning of reproductive cycle, sexually receptive behaviors, physiological stress responses, as well as sleep cycle, and other nonsexual behaviors. When an organism is placed under long-term CR, which introduces an external stress to this ER-α signaling, the reduction of ER-α expression is attenuated over time in the hypothalamus. This review paper seeks to characterize the downstream effects of ER-α in the hypothalamus and limbic system that affect normal endocrine functioning.

journal_name

Physiol Genomics

journal_title

Physiological genomics

authors

Gouw AM,Efe G,Barakat R,Preecha A,Mehdizadeh M,Garan SA,Brooks GA

doi

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00073.2016

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-02-01 00:00:00

pages

88-95

issue

2

eissn

1094-8341

issn

1531-2267

pii

physiolgenomics.00073.2016

journal_volume

49

pub_type

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