Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Health care and research in rural populations are often limited due to poor infrastructure and small sample sizes. However, such populations have a need for medical care and can be of great value when studying the health effects of lifestyle and genetic factors. The Northern Sweden Population Health Study (NSPHS) is a paradigmatic study that combines a survey of the health status and specific needs of the community with basic research into the environmental and genetic determinants of non-communicable diseases. This article presents the NSPHS results on lifestyle, subclinical, and clinical measures and gives a review of the past contributions of this study to our understanding of the genetic determinants of disease in international collaborations. METHODS:A population-representative, cross-sectional sample (n=656) was examined from the Karesuando parish in Northern Sweden north of the Arctic Circle. The population consists of individuals living a traditional, subsistence-based lifestyle (TLS, n=96), mainly based on reindeer herding, hunting and fishing, and others following a modern, more industrialized lifestyle (MLS, n=560), similar to other western European countries. Subgroups with a modern versus traditional lifestyle were compared separately in men and women, highlighting differences in lifestyle (eg diet, physical activity), subclinical (eg blood circulation, blood lipids, lung function) and clinical measures (eg disorders of the cardiovascular, metabolic, and musculoskeletal system). RESULTS:TLS men and women consumed much more game meat (Men: 71 vs 194 g/day, p=0.0011; Women: 56 vs 140 g/day, p=0.0020) and less non-game meat (Men: 88 vs 42 g/day, p=1.4x10(-7); Women: 81 vs 42 g/day, p=0.026) compared with the respective MLS group. TLS men consumed less milk (p=4.2x10(-4)), and TLS women less vegetables (p=0.042). TLS men reported more physical activity at work (p=0.042) and TLS women less physical activity at leisure (p=0.0023). Total cholesterol (Men: 220 vs 244 mg/dl, p=0.0031; Women: 225 vs 246 mg/dl, (p=0.049) and LDL cholesterol levels (Men: 134 vs 153 mg/dl, p=0.012; Women: 133 vs 146 mg/dl, p>0.05) were higher in the blood serum of TLS men and women than in the MLS comparison group. While TLS women showed a higher rate of myocardial infarction (5% vs 16%, p=0.024), TLS men reported a dramatically higher frequency of body pain consistently, for example in the lower back (0% vs 25%; p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:A consistent pattern was found of differences between individuals living a traditional versus modern lifestyle and between the sexes, identifying specific health risks for each group. Women with a traditional lifestyle were exposed to a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (especially myocardial infarction) and men with a traditional lifestyle reported higher rates of orthopedic symptoms (eg body pain). We also show that studies of rural populations can make a substantial contribution to basic research into understanding the environmental and genetic determinants of disease. The European Special Populations Research Network (EUROSPAN) provided an excellent example of a platform combining studies of rural populations from different parts of Europe that can leverage these for collaboration with large international consortia.
journal_name
Rural Remote Healthjournal_title
Rural and remote healthauthors
Igl W,Johansson A,Gyllensten Usubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
1363issue
2issn
1445-6354pii
1363journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract:CONTEXT:The World Health Organization's World report on disability calls upon all nations to 'remove the barriers which prevent [people with disabilities] from participating in their communities; getting a quality education, finding decent work, and having their voices heard' (p. 5). People with communication disabilit...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Iran has a major land mine injury problem in its border areas. Mine injuries have a high mortality and morbidity, and the injuries generally occur in remote areas. Iran has a well developed system of rural health workers and clinics, covering most border areas. These have mainly had prevention, immunizatio...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Skin diseases are common among school children worldwide. However, limited information is available about the socioeconomic correlates that contribute to their development among school children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). OBJECTIVES:to identify the prevalent transmissible and non-transmissible s...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Internationally, musculoskeletal conditions are a major morbidity issue for Indigenous populations and the social and economic burden imposed by musculoskeletal complaints is significant. However, little is known about the prevalence and associated pain and impairment of musculoskeletal conditions among ru...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Skin infections including scabies and impetigo have a high burden and cause significant morbidity in remote Aboriginal communities in Australia. Nevertheless, there is limited knowledge about community, healthcare practitioner and service provider perspectives on skin infections and treatment preferences. ...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.22605/RRH5227
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Violence and injuries are under-reported in developing countries, especially during natural disasters such as floods. Compounding this, affected areas are isolated from the rest of the country. During 2007 Bangladesh experienced two consecutive floods which affected almost one-third of the country. The obj...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The traditional view of paramedic practice is one of provision of emergency care and transport within community or industrial settings. With greater integration of emergency services with the overall health system, this role is changing. Paramedics, especially in rural areas, are now working more closely w...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This study considered the views and experiences of 85 rural women, most of whom gave birth in two regional South Australian hospitals. METHOD:This descriptive survey used a validated questionnaire, modified for use in rural South Australia, which included open-ended questions to invite further comment. Wo...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:In post-war Japan, a number of factors lead to a general shortage of physicians by the 1950s, which became acute in rural areas and has continued until recent times. ISSUE:Teamwork among national, prefectural, municipal governments and public medical schools has addressed this shortage of physicians. The natio...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION: AIM:To measure the quality of antenatal care in rural and remote regions of the Northern Territory, using asymptomatic bacteruria as an indicator. BACKGROUND:Indigenous Australian women and their babies have a greater frequency of adverse outcomes in pregnancy than their non-Indigenous counterparts. It ...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In Nepal, a number of private sector medical schools have opened recently; although sufficient numbers of doctors are graduating there continues to be a doctor shortage in rural areas. This article analysed the rural doctor shortage in Nepal and reviewed the international literature for strategies that may...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There is evidence in the literature that rural background significantly encourages eventual rural practice. Given the shortage of healthcare providers in rural areas, we need to explore ways of ensuring throughput and success of rural-origin students in health sciences. It is therefore important to underst...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Mondana Clinic is a small rural clinic located in the Napo river region of the Amazon basin in Ecuador. Since its opening in 1997 the clinic has grown to be the primary health care facility for approximately 3000 individuals. METHODS:A retrospective study was performed tabulating the ambulatory diagnosis,...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although parents in developed market economies regard head lice infections (pediculosis) as a significant problem, health departments generally rate pediculosis as a low priority health issue, encouraging parents to manage and control it. But how well equipped and willing are parents to manage the infectio...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Early postgraduate, or junior doctors, are still required to practise in rural and remote communities, and they continue to face numerous issues and difficulties. Within the hospital setting, exposure to rural practice appears to be very limited during internship, and also to some extent, during the second...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Flinders University in Australia has had a rural longitudinal integrated clerkship for selected medical students, the Parallel Rural Community Curriculum, since 1997. The Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM) in Canada introduced a similar clerkship for all NOSM students in 2007. An external evaluatio...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Finding providers to work in the hospitals and clinics in the small towns of the USA is a significant struggle. In the traditional model, the primary care doctor sees patients in the inpatient setting in addition to a clinic practice. In the usual hospitalist model, providers specialize to work only in the inpa...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.22605/RRH4419
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Many rural communities continue to experience an undersupply of primary care doctor services. While key professional factors relating to difficulties of recruitment and retention of rural primary care doctors are widely identified, less attention has been given to the role of community and place aspects on...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.22605/RRH3925
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:North American rural residents have higher rates of chronic disease and they report being ill more frequently compared to their urban counterparts. We recently studied health-related quality in residents living in the isolated, rural community of Bella Coola, Canada. OBJECTIVE:To assess health-related qua...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Access to health care as near to where people live as possible is desirable. However, not enough medical graduates choose to work in rural and regional areas, especially in general practice. The career decisions of recent medical graduates are known to be affected by a variety of professional, societal and...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.22605/RRH4247
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Ensuring access to oral health services is crucial for improving the oral health of rural and remote populations. A logical step towards addressing oral health disparities and underutilization of services in rural areas is to ensure the availability of the dental workforce. Geographical information systems...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In Nunavut, 60-80% of pregnant women report smoking in pregnancy, a rate five times the Canadian average. Nunavut also has the highest rates of preterm birth and low birth weight infants in Canada. The present study assessed whether the number of cigarettes smoked per day, as recorded in the first trimeste...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:For many women, and particularly rural women, birthing locally and within their own community is important for personal, social and/or cultural reasons. If concerns about the woman or her baby mean transfer to a secondary or tertiary facility is necessary, this can be disruptive and stressful, especially i...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Diabetes is a growing worldwide problem, characterized by considerable ethnic variation and being particularly common in modernizing populations. Modernization is accompanied by a variety of stressful sociocultural changes that are believed to increase the risk of diabetes. Unfortunately, there is little a...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The WHO has estimated that 1% of the world's population need a wheelchair, but few have access. Access to wheelchairs for most of the South African poor population is through accessing rehabilitation services at public health facilities. This study explored access to wheelchair services from the perspectiv...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.22605/RRH5855
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Rural Physician Associate Program (RPAP) has 34 years experience in training 1097 medical students as independent distance learners in a 36 week, community-based continuity primary care experience. This program has been successful in preparing competitive students who select primary care residencies and return to ...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate cancer mortality worldwide has recently decreased by 6% after peaking in the 1990s. Based on the recently published results of the European Randomised Study for Screening of Prostate Cancer (which showed a relative prostate cancer mortality reduction of at least 20% by PSA-based population screening) it could...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Health professions students interested in future rural practice locations spend a week learning about and investigating all aspects of small town personal, professional and community life. This augments the mainly clinical experience provided by clinical rotations they complete as part of their professiona...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:In India 60-70% of the population live in rural villages. The rural population suffers from a burden of disease and disorders due to the non-availability of appropriate healthcare personnel and facilities. Since 1950, the Indian Government has responded with a series of five-year plans but has been unable to ad...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Diabetes is a chronic long-term disease with an increasing incidence. There is a need to increase access to effective care and to ensure such care is delivered as locally as possible. The geographical spread of NHS Highland Scotland presents additional challenges to ensuring a skilled workforce given education ...
journal_title:Rural and remote health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00