Abstract：
BACKGROUND:The surgical pleth index (SPI) is a measurement of intraoperative nociception. Evidence of its usability in children is limited. Given that the autonomic nervous system is still developing during the first years of life, the performance of the SPI on small children cannot be concluded from studies carried out in older age groups. METHODS:Thirty children aged <2 yr, planned for elective open inguinal hernia repair or open correction of undescended testicle, were recruited. The children were randomized into two groups; the saline group received ultrasound-guided saline injection in the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve region before surgery and ropivacaine after surgery, whereas the block group received the injections in the opposite order. The SPI was recorded blinded and was analysed at the time points of intubation, incision, and when signs of inadequate anti-nociception were observed. RESULTS:There was a significant increase in the SPI after intubation (P=0.019) and after incision in the saline group (P=0.048), but not at the time of surgical incision in the block group (P=0.177). An increase in the SPI was also seen at times of clinically apparent inadequate anti-nociception (P=0.008). The between-patient variability of the SPI was large. CONCLUSIONS:The SPI is reactive in small children after intubation and after surgical stimuli, but the reactivity of the SPI is rather small, and there is marked inter-individual variability in reactions. The reactivity is blunted by the use of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:NCT02045810.
journal_name
Br J Anaesthjournal_title
British journal of anaesthesiaauthors
Harju J,Kalliomäki ML,Leppikangas H,Kiviharju M,Yli-Hankala Adoi
10.1093/bja/aew215subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-01 00:00:00pages
358-64issue
3eissn
0007-0912issn
1471-6771pii
S0007-0912(17)33796-0journal_volume
117pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:We have investigated the effect of volatile anaesthetics on protein synthesis and secretion in Hartley male guinea pig liver slices. The slices (250-300 microns thick) were incubated in sealed roller vials containing Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 37 degrees C under 95% oxygen. Volatile anaesthetics were vaporized in the v...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/68.2.172
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six male patients were studied on the morning following upper abdominal surgery for highly selective vagotomy. Nalbuphine hydrochloride was infused i.v. at different rates that increased progressively in each hour over a 4-h period. In the last 15 min of each hour, the plasma nalbuphine concentrations were almost stea...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/59.11.1356
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated, in six healthy male volunteers, the effect of high thoracic extradural anaesthesia on the ventilatory pattern and hypercapnic ventilatory response. Ventilatory variables were determined using a respiratory inductive plethysmograph. Duration of inspiration, rib cage excursion and its contribution ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/62.4.362
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spinal anaesthesia is the preferred anaesthetic technique for elective Caesarean deliveries. Hypotension is the most common side-effect and has both maternal and neonatal consequences. Different strategies have been attempted to prevent spinal-induced hypotension, including the use of low-dose bupivacaine. We conducte...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aer200
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood transfusion saves many lives but carries significant risk of injury. Currently, red blood cell (RBC) concentrates can be stored up to 42 days. Concerns have recently been raised about the safety and efficacy of transfusing stored RBCs. Refrigerated storage results in a 'storage lesion' that is reflected by metab...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aet405
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Intubation of a patient with limited cervical spine movement or in whom movement of the cervical spine is not desirable is always a challenge even to the most experienced anaesthesiologist. The intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) and the Bullard laryngoscope (BL) are two instruments recommended for endot...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/aem127
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present an unusual case of hypercapnia and surgical emphysema during transanal endoscopic microsurgery, which led to delayed post-operative ventilatory failure. The hypercapnia and surgical emphysema were secondary to rectal insufflation with carbon dioxide used to facilitate visualization and resection of a rectal...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/86.4.586
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have measured the partial pressure of isoflurane simultaneously in inspired gas (PIiso), end-expired gas (PE'iso), mixed-expired gas (PEiso), arterial (Paiso) and mixed venous blood (Pviso) in six patients (aged 57-79 yr) anaesthetized with nitrous oxide, oxygen and isoflurane before surgery and after PE'iso had be...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/70.6.605
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple method of adapting a pressure-cycled ventilator of the flow generator type to ventilate patients on a circle-absorber anaesthetic system is described. Standard lengths of corrugated black rubber tubing are placed between the ventilator and the circle-absorber is deadspace, replacing the reservoir bag. The per...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/49.3.273
更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:With the increasing prevalence of children who are overweight and with obesity, anaesthesiologists must determine the optimal dosing of medications given the altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in this population. We therefore determined the single dose of dexmedetomidine that provided sufficient s...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2020.11.037
更新日期：2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Alveolar type II (ATII) cells perform many important functions within the lung, including surfactant metabolism. We have investigated the effects of isoflurane and different i.v. anaesthetics on cell metabolism in primary cultures of rat ATII cells. Biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, the main phospholipid component ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/82.5.767
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The determination of blood flow, i.e. cardiac output, is an integral part of haemodynamic monitoring. This is a review on noninvasive continuous cardiac output monitoring in perioperative and intensive care medicine. We present the underlying principles and validation data of the following technologies: thoracic elect...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aeu447
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) was established in 2005 as a Special Health Authority when the National Blood Authority and UK Transplant merged. This helped to bring tissue banking and organ transplantation services under one umbrella organization. This merger means that ~!95% of all deceased donors (whether tissue,...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aer398
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the anaesthetic management of a patient undergoing lobectomy for cavitating lung abscess complicated by haemoptysis. Surgery for lung abscess is one of the absolute indications for the use of a double-lumen tube (DLT). Because pus or blood could impede fibreoptic-assisted DLT placement, a traditional, blin...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/85.5.791
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Volatile anaesthetics have been shown to have direct relaxant effects on airway smooth muscle. We have examined the effects of 0.9, 1.9, and 2.8 dog MAC of desflurane and halothane on isolated proximal and distal canine airways precontracted with acetylcholine. The proximal and distal airway smooth muscle relaxed with...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/76.6.841
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postoperative management following major surgery in patients with neuromuscular disorders associated with scoliosis is frequently complicated by sputum retention and ventilatory failure. This report demonstrates the successful perioperative management of an 11-yr-old boy with type II spinal muscular atrophy undergoing...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aef227
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The new emulsion formulation of di-isopropyl phenol (propofol) was compared with methohexitone and thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in day cases. Propofol produced significantly smoother induction of anaesthesia, but caused more cardiovascular and respiratory depression. Pain on injection was significantly les...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/57.8.725
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The case histories are reported of one patient who developed evidence of extradural infection 16 days postpartum, and another who spontaneously developed an extradural haematoma. Several points of interest and concern raised by these case histories are discussed. ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/47.3.412
更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the management of three patients undergoing awake carotid surgery who developed signs of cerebral ischaemia after carotid cross-clamping. Drug treatment to increase arterial blood pressure above baseline reversed the neurological deficit and an internal carotid artery shunt was not needed. Shunt insertion ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/87.4.641
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is increasingly used intraoperatively in infants undergoing cardiac surgery. This phase 1 multicentre study sought to: (i) determine the safety of DEX for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass; (ii) determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) of DEX; (iii) create a PK model and dosing for...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2019.06.026
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the effect of sevoflurane anaesthesia on hepatocellular integrity, we measured plasma concentrations of glutathione S-transferase (GST) before anaesthesia and 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after the end of anaesthesia in 41 healthy, Japanese patients undergoing elective, body surface surgery. Sevoflurane (approximately 1...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/77.3.404
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The majority of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) require mechanical ventilation. This support provides time for the lungs to heal, but the adverse effects of mechanical ventilation significantly influence patient outcome. Traditionally, these were ascribed to mechanical effects, such as haemody...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aeh031
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurones in propofol anaesthesia in mice using the righting reflex. Propofol i.p. increased the percentage of loss of the righting reflex in a dose-dependent manner with an ED50 value of 140 (95% confidence limits 123-160) mg kg-1 (n = 40; eight animals per d...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/83.4.665
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In the context of an increasing number of publications of trial data analysed by Bayesian methods, clinicians need support to better understand Bayesian statistical methods. The existing checklists are intended for people who already know these methods. We aimed to establish and validate a checklist that c...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.093
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to investigate if propofol produced cardiovascular effects by direct actions or by indirect actions secondary to depression of the central nervous system. Experiments were performed on chloralose anaesthetized dogs in which all neurogenic cardiovascular reflexes were abolished by bilateral vago...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/63.1.87
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication in elderly patients after major surgery. An association between POCD and the development of dementia has been suspected. In this study, we assessed if POCD was a risk factor for the occurrence of dementia. METHODS:Danish patients enrolled b...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/bja/aes466
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The analgesic effect of subanaesthetic concentrations of ether, trichloroethylene, methoxyflurane and halothane has been investigated previously using either clinical assessment or pain threshold measurements, but with conflicting results. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of isoflu...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/75.1.55
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Propofol is used during living-related donor liver transplantation because its metabolism is not greatly affected by liver failure. However, the pharmacokinetics of propofol during liver transplantation have not been fully defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the apparent systemic clearance of ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aei243
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anaesthetic and sedative drugs transiently disrupt normal neural activity to facilitate healthcare procedures in children, but they can also cause long-term brain injury in experimental animal models. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently advised that repeated or lengthy exposures to anaesthetic and s...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aex141
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional extradural analgesia during labour with 0.25-0.375% bupivacaine may induce motor weakness and subjective sensory deficit, reducing maternal satisfaction. Even in a regimen for ambulatory extradural analgesia (0.1% bupivacaine-fentanyl 2 micrograms ml-1), a potential for proprioreception impairment exists,...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/76.2.319
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
