Adaptive allocation of resources and life-history trade-offs in aphids relative to plant quality.

abstract：:In white pine (Pinus strobus) seedlings grown in five forest soils from New York State, net photosynthetic capacity (Amax) plant-1 was correlated with total foliar N plant-1 (r 2=0.57), but was more highly correlated with total foliar P plant-1 (r 2=0.82). There was no relationship (r 2<0.01) between Amax [g leaf]-1 a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Reich PB,Schoettle AW

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The locomotor activity of European salamanders differs from species to species. At all stages of development Triturus vulgaris is more light-active, Salamandra salamandra is dark-active, while Triturus alpestris and cristatus occupy an intermediate position. 2. The activity of the larvae is high but the rhythm is n...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Himstedt W

更新日期：1971-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The legume foodplants of Colias butterflies possess specific chemical components which stimulate oviposition in females of the genus. Different legumes provide different degrees of stimulation, as demonstrated by close correlation between field observations and laboratory experiments with a new behavioral assay. Sever...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Stanton ML

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I suggest that between-community variations in diversity patterns during succession in plant communities are due to the effects of selection on life history strategies under different disturbance regimes. Natural disturbances to plant communities are simultaneously a source of mortality for some individuals and a sour...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Denslow JS

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Life history theory and empirical studies suggest that large size or earlier metamorphosis are suitable proxies for increased lifetime fitness. Thus, across a gradient of larval habitat quality, individuals with similar phenotypes for these traits should exhibit similar post-metamorphic performance. Here we examine th...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Van Allen BG,Briggs VS,McCoy MW,Vonesh JR

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous publications have reported on investigations of CO2 exchange in the desert lichenRamalina maciformis both in its natural habitat in the Negev and in the laboratory. Utilizing laboratory data, net photosynthesis and dark respiration were expressed as mathematical functions of the most important environmental f...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lange OL,Geiger IL,Schulze E-

更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Demographic characteristics associated with the maintenance and growth of populations, such as seed dynamics, seedling emergence, survival, and tiller dynamics were examined for two tussock grasses, the native Agropyron spicatum and the introduced Agropyron desertorum in a 30-month field study. The introduced grass wa...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pyke DA

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Folivory results in both leaf damage and the loss of photosynthetic capacity. Leaf damage activates the production of induced defenses, but diminished photosynthetic capacity resulting from lost leaf area may impair a plant's ability to respond defensively. Because damage-induced nicotine production in Nicotiana sylve...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Baldwin IT,Schmelz EA

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trophic cascades have become a dominant paradigm in ecology, yet considerable debate remains about the relative strength of density- (consumptive) and trait-mediated (non-consumptive) effects in trophic cascades. This debate may, in part, be resolved by considering prey experience, which shapes prey traits (through ge...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wood ZT,Fryxell DC,Moffett ER,Kinnison MT,Simon KS,Palkovacs EP

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developing leaves that are soft, with high concentrations of resources, can be particularly vulnerable to herbivore damage. Since a developing leaf cannot be very tough, given the constraints of cell expansion, the major form of protection is likely to be chemical defence. We investigated changes in concentration of h...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Brunt C,Read J,Sanson GD

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integrative studies of plant-animal interactions that incorporate the multiple effects of interactions are important for discerning the importance of each factor within the population dynamics of a plant species. The low regeneration capacity of many Acacia species in arid savannas is a consequence of a combination of...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rodríguez-Pérez J,Wiegand K,Ward D

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fruiting phenology and pattern of fruit removal of two shrubby dogwoods were examined in relation to fruit composition. It was predicted that fruit of the species bearing high fat fruit would disappear more rapidly and fall to the ground sooner than fruit of the species bearing low fat fruit. Field observation at two ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Borowicz VA,Stephenson AG

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many global change drivers chronically alter resource availability in terrestrial ecosystems. Such resource alterations are known to affect aboveground net primary production (ANPP) in the short term; however, it is unknown if patterns of response change through time. We examined the magnitude, direction, and pattern ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Smith MD,La Pierre KJ,Collins SL,Knapp AK,Gross KL,Barrett JE,Frey SD,Gough L,Miller RJ,Morris JT,Rustad LE,Yarie J

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CO2 assimilation rate (A) and leaf conductance (g) were measured in the field on intact branches of 35-year-old Picea abies (L.) Karst. trees, in five plots each in a healthy and a declining stand. The declining site included trees with yellow needles. In order to separate atmospheric effects on gas exchange from effe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Zimmermann R,Oren R,Schulze E-,Werk KS

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphological relationships change with overall body size and body size often varies among populations. Therefore, quantitative analyses of individual traits from organisms in different populations or environments (e.g., in studies of phenotypic plasticity) often adjust for differences in body size to isolate changes ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： McCoy MW,Bolker BM,Osenberg CW,Miner BG,Vonesh JR

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The degree of CAM-cycling was examined in plants from 23 populations representing five morphologically similar species of Talinum to determine how CAM-cycling correlates with site aridity and drought stress. In the field, CAM-cycling, as indicated by the amount of malic acid accumulated in plant tissues overnight, and...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Harris FS,Martin CE

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Replacement of a native species by a nonnative can have strong effects on ecosystem function, such as altering nutrient cycling or disturbance frequency. Replacements may cause shifts in ecosystem function because nonnatives establish at different biomass, or because they differ from native species in traits like fora...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Benjamin JR,Fausch KD,Baxter CV

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mixed infections, where more than one parasite genotype is present in a single host, have been suggested to be an important factor in host-parasite interactions. As the host represents a limited resource, co-infecting parasite genotypes are expected to be under resource competition. Competition will not only modify th...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Vizoso DB,Ebert D

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Food density, degree of hunger prior to foraging, and food processing difficulty were varied in order to determine their effects on the diet diversity of captive Peromyscus leucopus foraging for buried seeds. No relationship was found between diet diversity and food density. However, diet diversity exhibited a signifi...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ebersole JP,Wilson JC

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing popularity of stable isotope analysis (SIA) as an ecological research tool and the ease of automated analysis have created a knowledge gap between ecologists using SIA and the operators of isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) equipment. This has led to deterioration in the understanding of IRMS method...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Jardine TD,Cunjak RA

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dry lichen thalli were enclosed in gas exchange chambers and treated with an air stream of high relative humidity (96.5 to near 100%) until water potential equilibrium was reached with the surrounding air (i.e., no further increase of weight through water vapor uptake). They were then sprayed with liquid water. The tr...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lange OL,Kilian E,Ziegler H

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the non-reproductive period, six species of brood parasites (4 cuckoos, 2 viduines) observed in Rhodesia and in the Kalahari were found to inhabit other areas than their hosts, being either nomadic or migratory in habit. They are hence exposed to different environmental conditions.Histological examination of the go...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Immelmann K

更新日期：1969-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant species and functionally related species groups from arid and semi-arid habitats vary in their capacity to take up summer precipitation, acquire nitrogen quickly after summer precipitation, and subsequently respond with ecophysiological changes (e.g. water and nitrogen relations, gas exchange). For species that ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Snyder KA,Donovan LA,James JJ,Tiller RL,Richards JH

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatial and temporal niche differentiation are potential mechanisms of plant species' coexistence in many communities, including many grasslands. In a 6-year field experiment, a dominant prairie bunchgrass, Schizachyrium scoparium, excluded species sharing similar phenology and rooting depth, but coexisted with specie...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Fargione J,Tilman D

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of forest size on avian diversity was studied in oak forest patches in rural New Jersey. Number of bird species continued to increase significantly in old oak woods up through 40 ha. This was due to the progressive addition of carnivorous species with increasing minimum forest size requirements. One large w...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Forman RT,Galli AE,Leck CF

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although plant growth is generally recognized to be influenced by allocation to defense, genetic background (e.g., inbreeding), and gender, rarely have those factors been addressed collectively. In quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), phenolic glycosides (PGs) and condensed tannins (CTs) constitute up to 30 % o...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cole CT,Stevens MT,Anderson JE,Lindroth RL

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stratospheric ozone depletion has caused ground-level ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation to rise in temperate latitudes of both hemispheres. Because the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the nutrition of food consumed by mammalian herbivores are unknown, we measured nutritional and chemical constituents of 18 forages ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Thines NJ,Shipley LA,Bassman JH,Slusser JR,Gao W

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen genotypes (varieties) of soybean (Glycine max) were screened for levels of induced resistance to Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis) damage, and a subset of 6 of those varieties was screened for levels of constitutive resistance to Mexican bean beetles. Experiments were carried out in the greenhouse, w...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Underwood N,Morris W,Gross K,Lockwood Iii JR

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few studies have evaluated elevated CO2 responses of trees in variable light despite its prevalence in forest understories and its potential importance for sapling survival. We studied two shade-tolerant species (Acer rubrum, Cornus florida) and two shade-intolerant species (Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulip...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Naumburg E,Ellsworth DS

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain broad scale spatial patterns in species richness. In this paper, we evaluate five explanations for geographic gradients in species richness, using South American owls as a model. We compared the explanatory power of contemporary climate, landcover diversity, spatial climat...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Diniz-Filho JA,Rangel TF,Hawkins BA

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00