Heterozygosity, gender, and the growth-defense trade-off in quaking aspen.

abstract：:We reared larvae of three generalist insect species on plants occurring in their habitats. Individuals of each species were kept either on mixed diets, or on each plant species separately. We measured food plant preference in the mixed-diet group and compared insect performance on single plants to the performance on t...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hägele BF,Rowell-Rahier M

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myrmecophytic symbioses are widespread in tropical ecosystems and their diversity makes them useful tools for understanding the origin and evolution of mutualisms. Obligate ant-plants, or myrmecophytes, provide a nesting place, and, often, food to a limited number of plant-ant species. In exchange, plant-ants protect ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Orivel J,Lambs L,Malé PJ,Leroy C,Grangier J,Otto T,Quilichini A,Dejean A

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth and reproduction of twoDaphnia species (Cladocera) from Lake Constance were measured experimentally in a through-flow laboratory system under different food conditions, in order to investigate the effect of food quality on zooplankton populations. The cryptomonadRhodomonas sp. and the diatomStephanodiscus hantz...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Giani A

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In alpine regions, elevational gradients in environmental parameters are reflected by structural and functional changes in plant traits. Elevational changes in plant water relations have also been demonstrated, but comparable information on root hydraulics is generally lacking. We analyzed the hydraulic efficiency (sp...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Losso A,Nardini A,Nolf M,Mayr S

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In previous papers we have described and verified a primary production model of the desert shrub Larrea tridentata. Here we address the validation phase of the evaluation of this model. Two versions of the model which differ in the priority scheme used for allocating carbon to reproductive or vegetative organs were co...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Reynolds JF,Cunningham GL

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review I offer a solution to the problem why endotherm populations appear to be so inefficient in converting food energy into body substance despite the fact that individual endotherms are just as 'efficient' in this respect as individual ectotherms. Calculated for individuals of half the adult mass both ectot...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wieser W

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For some animals, the habitat which they first experience can influence the type of habitat which they select later in life and, thus, potentially their population distribution and dynamics. However, for many insect herbivores, whose natal habitat may consist of a single hostplant, the consequences of natal hostplant ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Merwin AC,Inouye BD,Underwood N

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human activities can have a suite of positive and negative effects on animals and thus can affect various life history parameters. Human presence and agricultural practice can be perceived as stressors to which animals react with the secretion of glucocorticoids. The acute short-term secretion of glucocorticoids is co...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Almasi B,Béziers P,Roulin A,Jenni L

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Induction of plant defence against herbivores may include the attraction by volatile infochemicals of natural enemies of the herbivore. The emitted volatiles that mediate this attraction may also affect the behaviour of the herbivore itself. In this paper we investigate the response of the herbivorous spider miteTetra...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Dicke M,Dijkman H

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a typical Dutch polder landscape the effects of nutrient transport from cultivated grassland to mesotrophic fen communities were studied. In a comparative approach, biomass production and nutrient (N, P and K) uptake were determined monthly in four fens and a hayfield differeing in productivity and species composit...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Verhoeven JT,van Beek S,Dekker M,Storm W

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In long-lived colonial birds, age at recruitment is an important life-history character. Variation in this parameter may reflect differences in several factors, including competitive ability and breeding strategies. Further, these differences may be due to timing of hatching (for instance through differences in compet...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Prévot-Julliard AC,Pradel R,Julliard R,Grosbois V,Lebreton JD

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The abundance and composition of the submerged macrophyte seed bank in the Doñana marsh (southwestern Spain) was evaluated to assess its relationship with the overlying vegetation. The results obtained demonstrate the existence of a dense seed-bank, both in terms of the number of seeds and their biomass, which represe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Grillas P,Garcia-Murillo P,Geertz-Hansen O,Marbá N,Montes C,Duarte CM,Tan Ham L,Grossmann A

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three types of experiments indicate that the functional organization of the mountain birch may influence the ways in which the tree responds to simulated or natural herbivory. The first experiment showed that herbivory to both short and long shoot leaves affects plant development but, because growth largely proceeds b...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Haukioja E,Ruohomäki K,Senn J,Suomela J,Walls M

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the factors that influence plant distributions is a considerable challenge for ecologists in the face of environmental change. Here, we quantify spatial and temporal variation in the finite rate of population increase of the annual grass Vulpia fasciculata. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that the n...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Norton LR,Firbank LG,Scott A,Watkinson AR

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leaf traits related to life-span and nutrient-use efficiency were studied in the dominant Hawaiian tree species, Metrosideros polymorpha, at both ends of a natural fertility gradient, from young, nitrogen-poor soils to older, phosphorus-poor soils. The main objective of this study was to understand how nutrient limita...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cordell S,Goldstein G,Meinzer FC,Vitousek PM

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gas exchange characteristics in leaves of the sclerophyll shrub Quercus coccifera were studied in the natural habitat in Portugal during spring and during the summer dry period. Compared to other sclerophyll species growing at the same site, photosynthesis in leaves of Quercus coccifera was less affected by water stre...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Tenhunen JD,Lange OL,Harley PC,Beyschlag W,Meyer A

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ninety percent of wild red grouse examined carried threadworms in their intenstinal caeca. Old birds had 30 times as many worms as young birds. Some infections were as high as 30,000 worms. The occurrence of worms in old grouse conformed to the negative binomial distribution. ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wilson GR

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium is an essential micronutrient for birds during egg formation and for skeletal development in nestlings. Habitat level studies suggest that birds breeding in low-calcium areas may be limited in the size or number of eggs they lay and in the quality of their nestlings. However, as birds forage non-randomly and m...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wilkin TA,Gosler AG,Garant D,Reynolds SJ,Sheldon BC

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatial distribution in the two collembolan species Tomocerus minor and Orchesella cincta is greatly influenced by the distribution of the environmental factors water and food. T. minor is totally restricted in distribution to water-saturated places, where it forms spaced-out aggregations. O. cincta assembles in water...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Verhoef HA,Nagelkerke CJ

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Daily energy metabolism and water flux were measured with doubly labeled water in the free-living insectivorous lizards Cnemidophorus tigris (mean body mass 15.7 g) and Callisaurus draconoides (8.6 g) in June 1979 in the Colorado Desert of California. C. tigris was an active forager; it spent 91% of its 5-h daily acti...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Anderson RA,Karasov WH

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To preserve biodiversity and ecosystem functions in a globally changing world it is crucial to understand the effect of land use on ecosystem processes such as pollination. Floral colouration is known to be central in plant-pollinator interactions. To date, it is still unknown whether land use affects the colouration ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Binkenstein J,Renoult JP,Schaefer HM

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared movement patterns and rhythms of activity of a top predator, the Iberian lynx Lynx pardinus, a mesopredator, the red fox Vulpes vulpes, and their shared principal prey, the rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus, in relation to moon phases. Because the three species are mostly nocturnal and crepuscular, we hypothesi...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Penteriani V,Kuparinen A,del Mar Delgado M,Palomares F,López-Bao JV,Fedriani JM,Calzada J,Moreno S,Villafuerte R,Campioni L,Lourenço R

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation between daily maximal rates of net photosynthesis and plant water status was studied during a dry season on irrigated and non-irrigated, naturally growing, perennial wild plants.Species were examined which differ in phenology, leaf anatomy and morphology: Hammada scoparia, Artemisia herba-alba, Zygophyllu...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Schulze E-,Hall AE,Lange OL,Evenari M,Kappen L,Buschbom U

更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an environment fluctuating in a predicatable manner with wide among-year variation in offspring mortality, fitness is largely influenced by the timing of reproductive investment. In vole-eating nocturnal Tengmalm's owls (Aegolius funereus), within-cycle variation in 1st-year survival of owlets is 3-fold as estimate...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hakkarainen H,Korpimäki E

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, we test the mid-domain hypothesis as an explanation for observed patterns of flowering diversity in two sub-alpine communities of insect-pollinated plants. Observed species richness patterns showed an early-season increase in richness, a mid-season peak, and a late-season decrease. We show that a "mid-d...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Morales MA,Dodge GJ,Inouye DW

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sources of variation in floral nectar production were investigated in a natural population of Epilobium canum (Onagraceae), a hummingbird-pollinated herbaceous shrub. Field measurements showed significant phenotypic variation among plants in floral nectar production rates. Average variance among flowers within plants ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Boose DL

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Life history theory predicts that migratory fishes should delay reproduction, be larger at first reproduction, and have higher fecundities than nonmigrants. We tested this hypothesis by comparing life histories of anadromous ("estuary") and resident freshwater ("upstream") threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeat...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Snyder RJ,Dingle H

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the publication of the theory of island biogeography, ecologists have postulated that fragmentation of continuous habitat presents a prominent threat to species diversity. However, negative fragmentation effects may be artifacts; the result of species diversity declining with habitat loss, and habitat loss corre...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： MacDonald ZG,Anderson ID,Acorn JH,Nielsen SE

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clonal plants have more traits enabling individual persistence (larger belowground storage of buds and assimilates), whereas non-clonal plants have more traits enabling population persistence (a higher reliance on regeneration from seeds). This difference presumably makes those groups respond differently to disturbanc...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Martínková J,Klimeš A,Klimešová J

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Waterborne chemical cues are an important source of information for many aquatic organisms, in particular when assessing the current risk of predation. The ability to use chemical cues to detect and respond to potential predators before an actual encounter can improve prey chances of survival. We investigated predator...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Harris S,Karlsson Green K,Pettersson LB

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00