Abstract：
:I suggest that between-community variations in diversity patterns during succession in plant communities are due to the effects of selection on life history strategies under different disturbance regimes. Natural disturbances to plant communities are simultaneously a source of mortality for some individuals and a source of establishment sites for others. The plant community consists of a mosaic of disturbance patches (gaps) of different environmental conditions. The composition of the mosaic is described by the size-frequency distribution of the gaps and is dependent on the rates and scales of disturbance. The life-history strategies of plant species dependent on some form of disturbance for establishment of propagules should reflect this size-frequency distribution of disturbance patches. An extension of island biogeographic theory to encompass relative habitat area predicts that a community should be most rich in species adapted to growth and establishment in the spatially most common patch types. Changes in species diversity during succession following large scale disturbance reflect the prevalent life history patterns under historically common disturbance regimes. Communities in which the greatest patch area is in large-scale clearings (e.g. following fire) are most diverse in species establishing seedlings in xeric, high light conditions. Species diversity decreases during succession. Communities in which such large patches are rare are characterized by a large number of species that reach the canopy through small gaps and realtively few which regenerate in the large clearings. Diversity increases during succession following a large scale disturbance.Evidence from communities characterized by different disturbance regimes is summarized from the literature. This hypothesis provides an evolutionary mechanism with which to examine the changes in plant community structure during succession. Diversity peaks occurring at "intermediate levels" of disturbance as discussed by Connell and Huston are interpreted in this context.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Denslow JSdoi
10.1007/BF00346960subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-07-01 00:00:00pages
18-21issue
1eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00346960journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract：:This study investigates the demography and interspecific interactions of 6 Heterohyrax brucei and 4 Procavia johnstoni populations, which inhabited 6 kopjes (rock outcrops) in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania over a period of 17 years. On three kopjes (H1, O2 and PH2) both species lived sympatrically, while on th...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00384314
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effect of native large herbivores on aboveground primary production of nonforested habitat in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Productivity of vegetation grazed by elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) was compared with that of ungrazed (permanently fenced) vegetation at four sites. Two metho...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00317727
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differences in the density of conspecific tree individuals in response to environmental gradients are well documented for many tree species, but how such density differences are generated and maintained is poorly understood. We examined the segregation of six dipterocarp species among three soil types in the Pasoh tro...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-012-2529-z
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous mechanisms are proposed to explain why exotic plants successfully invade natural communities. However, the positive effects of native engineers on exotic plant species have received less consideration. We tested whether the nutrient-rich soil patches created by a native ecological engineer (refuse dumps from ...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-010-1589-1
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Canopy CO2 concentrations in a tropical rainforest in French Guiana were measured continuously for 5 days during the 1994 dry season and the 1995 wet season. Carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) throughout the canopy (0.02-38 m) showed a distinct daily pattern, were well-stratified and decreased with increasing heigh...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004420050140
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spatiotemporal variation in the interactions among plants and animals is widespread; yet our conceptual and empirical understanding of this variation is limited to a few types of visitors, mainly herbivores, pollinators, seed predators, and seed dispersers. Despite the ubiquity of nectar robbing and the strength of it...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-002-1060-z
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Snail hosts of different ages constitute different resource environments for larval trematodes because each individual has a particular energy budget and energy allocation pattern at the time of infection. Effects of monomiracidial trematode infections on shell growth, body dry weight and reproductive effort of the sn...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004420050331
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CrowdedEpirrita larvae had shorter larval periods than, and similar pupal masses to, their solitary siblings when reared on low quality diets. When fed on high quality diets, pupal masses of crowded larvae were lower than in singletons, and there was no difference in larval period. Because changes in food availability...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00776419
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested whether interspecific competition from Aedes albopictus had measurable effects on A. aegypti at the typical numbers of larval mosquitoes found in cemetery vases in south Florida. We also tested whether the effect of interspecific competition from A. albopictus on A. aegypti differed between sites where A. ae...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-004-1532-4
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungal endosymbionts in plants may influence interactions among plants, herbivores and their parasitoids through the production of secondary metabolites. We used a lepidopteran pest and its generalist parasitoid to test the effect of endophyte-infected plants on a third trophic level. Endophytic fungi, Aspergillus fla...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-015-3358-7
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From 1985-1987, patterns of fruit and seed set were studied in a population of mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum), a clonal, self-incompatible herb found in deciduous woods in eastern North America. Mayapple flowers do not produce nectar, but depend on infrequent visits by nectar-seeking queen bumble bees for pollination...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00317156
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Assembly rules provide a useful framework for predicting patterns of community assembly under defined environmental conditions. Habitat created by canopy-forming algae (such as kelps) provides a promising system for identifying assembly rules because canopies typically have a large and predictable influence on underst...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-006-0389-0
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of habitat fragmentation on species diversity and herbivore-parasitoid interactions were analyzed using the insect community of seed feeders and their parasitoids in the pods of the bush vetch (Vicia sepium L.). Field studies were carried out on 18 old meadows differing in area and isolation. The area of these...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/PL00008829
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many organisms undergo ontogenetic niche shifts due to considerable changes in size during their development. These ontogenetic shifts can alter the trophic position of individuals, the type and strength of ecological interactions across species, and allow for cannibalism within species. In this study we ask if and ho...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-008-1107-x
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ecologically isolated habitats (e.g., oceanic islands) favor the appearance of small assemblages of pollinators, generally characterized by highly contrasted life modes (e.g., birds, lizards), and opportunistic nectar-feeding behavior. Different life modes should promote a low functional equivalence among pollinators,...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-013-2606-y
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of tree canopy, understory, herbivores, and litter depth on seedling establishment, survival, and reproduction of the alien grass, Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass), was examined in a series of experiments in four forest habitat types in western North America. Higher recruitment, survival, and reproduction on cl...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00328170
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi form relationships with higher plants; plants transfer C to fungi, and fungi transfer nutrients to their host. While evidence indicates that this interaction is largely mutualistic, less is known about how nutrient supply and EM associates may alter C and nutrient exchanges, especially in in...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-013-2734-4
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spatial distribution in the two collembolan species Tomocerus minor and Orchesella cincta is greatly influenced by the distribution of the environmental factors water and food. T. minor is totally restricted in distribution to water-saturated places, where it forms spaced-out aggregations. O. cincta assembles in water...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00346922
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is considerable theoretical evidence that a trade-off between competitive and colonization ability enables species coexistence. However, empirical studies testing for the presence of a competition-colonization (CC) trade-off and its importance for species coexistence have found mixed results. In a microcosm expe...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-011-2013-1
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bromus tectorum L. dominates sites of large-scale disturbance, while Poa pratensis L. dominates the sites of small-scale disturbance in the Festuca/Symphoricarpos habitat type in eastern Washington (USA). The role of incident irradiation in influencing these distributions was examined using field and glasshouse experi...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00377187
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prosopis is a genus of phreatophytic trees inhabiting hot deserts and semiarid grasslands of the world. Although desert trees are exposed to unusual environmental temperature and water stress, few investigations have evaluated their water relations. This is particularly true for Prosopis species growing in areas where...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00348050
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The enemies hypothesis states that reduced insect herbivory in mixed-species stands can be attributed to more effective top-down control by predators with increasing plant diversity. Although evidence for this mechanism exists for invertebrate predators, studies on avian predation are comparatively rare and have not e...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-015-3391-6
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The induction of diapause can be adaptive for egg survival during unfavorable conditions, while direct development can be advantageous under favorable conditions by allowing additional generations to exploit abundant resources. Therefore, the physiological capability of a female to respond to environmental cues indica...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-005-0232-z
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At Bakers Hill, differential winter mortality of juvenile slowgrowing Amphibolurus ornatus is correlated with the incidence of frosts (Bradshaw, 1971). The present study shows that the probability an individual will spend the night in a refuge that is safe from the lethal effect of a frost is directly related to the i...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00349996
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diapause allows insects to temporally avoid conditions that are unfavorable for development and reproduction. However, diapause may incur a cost in the form of reduced metabolic energy reserves, reduced potential fecundity, and missed reproductive opportunities. This study investigated a hitherto ignored consequence o...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-006-0428-x
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many studies have shown that nonlethal predator effects such as trait-mediated interactions (TMIs) can have significant impacts on the structure and function of communities, but the role that environmental conditions play in modulating the scale and magnitude of these effects has not been carefully investigated. TMIs ...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-008-0995-0
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental filtering and niche differentiation are processes proposed to drive community assembly, generating nonrandom patterns in community trait distributions. Despite the substantial intraspecific trait variation present in plant communities, most previous studies of trait-based community assembly have used spe...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-012-2351-7
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Life history theory and empirical studies suggest that large size or earlier metamorphosis are suitable proxies for increased lifetime fitness. Thus, across a gradient of larval habitat quality, individuals with similar phenotypes for these traits should exhibit similar post-metamorphic performance. Here we examine th...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-010-1728-8
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Warming-induced nutrient enrichment in the Arctic may lead to shifts in leaf-level physiological properties and processes with potential consequences for plant community dynamics and ecosystem function. To explore the physiological responses of Arctic tundra vegetation to increasing nutrient availability, we examined ...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-019-04586-8
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：: Black and white spruce (Picea mariana and P. glauca) exhibit a striking micro-geographic distribution pattern at the southern edge of the boreal forest. Black spruce grows in flooded nutrient-poor muskegs, while white spruce is found primarily on drier upland sites, and the two rarely form mixed stands. In an attempt...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004420050145
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
