Abstract:
:The late-glacial climatic oscillation, 12-10 ka BP, is characterised in ice core oxygen isotope profiles by a rapid and abrupt return to glacial climate. Recent work has shown that associated with this cooling was a drop in atmospheric CO2 concentration of ca. 50 ppm. In this paper, the impact of these environmental changes on 13C discrimination is reported, based on measurements made on a continuous sequence of fossil Salix herbacea leaves from a single site. The plant responses were interpreted using an integrated model of stomatal conductance, CO2 assimilation and intercellular CO2 concentration, influenced by external environmental factors. According to the model, temperature exerts a marked influence on 13C discrimination by leaves and the pattern of 13C changes recorded by the fossil leaves is consistent with other palaeotemperature curves for 12-10 ka BP, particularly the deuterium isotope record from Alaskan Salix woods, which generally reflects ocean temperatures. The gas exchange model correctly accounts for these changes and so permits the reconstruction of ancient rates of leaf CO2 uptake and loss of water vapour in response to the abrupt late-glacial changes in global climate and CO2. The approach provides the required physiological underpinning for extracting quantitative estimates of past temperatures and for contributing an ecophysiological explanation for changes in 13C discrimination in the fossil record.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Beerling DJdoi
10.1007/BF00333211subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-10-01 00:00:00pages
29-37issue
1eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00333211journal_volume
108pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Home range data were collected concurrently from four syntopic browsing ruminant species in a conserved savanna ecosystem. Mean home range areas were: giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) 282 km2; kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) 21.9 km2; impala (Aepyceros melampus) 5.82 km2; steenbok (Raphicerus campestris) 0.62 km2. Hom...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00319416
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ecological and evolutionary processes that interact to shape community structure are poorly studied in the largest environment on earth, the deep sea. Phylogenetic data and morphological traits of octocorals were coupled with environmental factors to test hypotheses of community assembly in the deep (250-2500 m) G...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3765-4
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In alpine regions, elevational gradients in environmental parameters are reflected by structural and functional changes in plant traits. Elevational changes in plant water relations have also been demonstrated, but comparable information on root hydraulics is generally lacking. We analyzed the hydraulic efficiency (sp...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3513-1
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During extensive field surveys in central and eastern Europe, 21 herbivorous root insect species were found on Centaurea maculosa ssp. rhenana Boreau, 12 species on C. diffusa Lam. and 11 species on C. vallesiaca Jordan, representing 12 families in 4 orders. The large geographic distribution (species-area function), t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377196
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dissolved O(2) is an important aquatic ecosystem health indicator. Metabolic and gas exchange (G) rates, which control O(2) concentration, are affected by nutrient loading and other environmental factors. Traditionally, aquatic metabolism has been reported as primary production:community respiration (P:R) ratios using...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-007-0744-9
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aquatic larvae of two species of salamanders coexist as a result of differences in their competitive abilities: Ambystoma talpoideum is a superior aggressor, whereas A. maculatum is a superior forager. I examined the behavioral mechanisms that permit these species to coexist with their predatory congener, A. opacu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328904
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tree species Xylocarpus granatum is commonly described as occurring in the upper intertidal zone of mangrove forests, but mature trees are occasionally found at lower elevations. In the Utwe River basin, on the Pacific island of Kosrae, we investigated the relative importance of several biotic and abiotic factors ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1167-2
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated seasonal variation in the origin of water used by plants in a riparian tropical rainforest community and explored linkages between plant water source, plant xylem hydraulic conductivity and response to the onset of dry conditions. The study focused on five co-dominant canopy species, comprising...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1352-y
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental filtering and niche differentiation are processes proposed to drive community assembly, generating nonrandom patterns in community trait distributions. Despite the substantial intraspecific trait variation present in plant communities, most previous studies of trait-based community assembly have used spe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2351-7
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance of Pteridium aquilinum to insect attack was studied by incorporating air dried bracken leaf meal and extracts of bracken leaf meal into an artificial diet for Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). When larvae are reared on diets containing 6% bracken leaf meal, they do not mature past the second instar ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345534
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied behavioral mechanisms underlying the spatial distribution of Euphydryas anicia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) females searching for larval host plants on a flat plain in Colorado. The rate of female movement, as represented by an empirically estimated diffusion coefficient, is affected by two factors. First, wh...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377167
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant species composition is changing across many landscapes, but it is unclear how these changes affect habitat quality for animals. We used functional diversity and community-weighted mean (CWM) trait values for four plant traits (litter N, P, lignin and soluble phenolics) to explore how changes in plant species com...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2856-8
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demographic variability and life history differentiation of two closely related shrubs (Atriplex canescens and A. acanthocarpa) were investigated in the Chihuahuan Desert, and the results were interpreted in the context of theories of coexistence in fluctuating environments. Demographic information was recorded du...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-0980-7
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The life history of Yucca glauca in the Great Plains was the subject of a four year field study. Data were incorporated in a stage transition model (based on rosette size) to explain how populations are maintained in spite of large regional and temporal variation in sexual reproductive success. Rosette size was found ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377060
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pycnogonum litorale has a terminal anecdysis. After attaining maturity it does not moult again. Maturity can be attained at different body size, the female usually being larger than the male.The pre-adult instar can also be entered at various body sizes. The duration of the pre-adult instar depends upon body size: At ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345215
更新日期:1971-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Local adaptation and population differentiation of plants are well documented, but studies on interactions with natural enemies are rare. In particular, evidence for plant adaptation to the local biotic environment, such as herbivores remains poor. We used the black mustard Brassica nigra, an annual species of river v...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1798-7
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study quantified both the age- and sex-specific survival rates of juveniles and adults, and tested for interannual differences in age-specific survival rates of the southern elephant seal population at Marion Island. Pups were tagged on an annual basis from 1983 onwards at Marion Island, and a consistent recaptur...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050922
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many native communities contain exotic plants that pose a major threat to indigenous vegetation and ecosystem functioning. Therefore the enemy release hypothesis (ERH) and biotic resistance hypothesis (BRH) were examined in relation to the invasiveness of the introduced dune grass Ammophila arenaria in South Africa. T...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1662-8
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Desert populations of the evergreen dioecious shrub Simmondsia chinensis exhibit sex-related leaf and canopy dimorphisms not present in populations from more mesic coastal environments. Leaves on female shrubs have characteristically larger sizes, greater specific weights, and greater water-holding capacity than male ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346394
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ground-nesting North American landbirds have declined in the longterm, including species with a variety of migratory strategies. The mesopredator release hypothesis explains declines by suggesting that the virtual elimination of top carnivores (large-bodied canids and felids) from much of North America has "released" ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050583
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraspecific variation in behavior and diet can have important consequences for population and ecosystem dynamics. Here, we examine how differences in reproductive investment and spatial ecology influence individual diet specialization in male and female southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). We hypothesize tha...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3206-1
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypotheses about the influence of intraspecific density and available cover on home range size (=mean activity radius) of a plethodontid salamander (Desmognathus monticola) were tested by field experimentation from June 1980 to October 1981. A second order mountain stream in southwestern North Carolina was marked into...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378306
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resource supply and pollen delivery are often thought to equally limit seed production in animal-pollinated plants. At equilibrium, plants should show no response to experimental pollen supplementation because resources limit seed set above the current level of pollen attraction, while experimental reduction in pollen...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1337-6
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of water immersion on the non-parasitic stages of Boophilus microplus were investigated both under laboratory and field conditions. Survival of engorged female ticks was influenced by their age and the temperature of the water. Eggs and larvae were more resistant to submerison than were engorged females and...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344915
更新日期:1971-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical aspects of predation by the shore crab, Carcinus maenas, on the edible mussel, Mytilus edulis, were examined. The shore crabs from the population studied utilized five distinct, largely size-related, mussel-opening techniques. Crushing the mussel umbone appeared the most successful opening method for medium...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00348059
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In both single- and mixed-species social groups, certain participants are known to play important roles in providing benefits. Identifying these participants is critical for understanding group dynamics, but is often difficult with large roving social groups in the wild. Here, we develop a new approach to characterize...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3045-0
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::I attempted to characterize spatial units of local dynamics and dispersal in banner-tailed kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spectabilis), to determine if spatial structure influenced population dynamics in the way predicted by current metapopulation models. D. spectabilis exhibited a hierarchical spatial structure. "Local pop...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317143
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specialist herbivores are known to alter their host's wound-induced responses but the beneficiaries of these alterations are unknown. Nicotiana attenuata plants release a burst of ethylene specifically in response to feeding by Manduca sexta larvae, which is known to suppress wound- and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-inducib...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000581
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hypothesis for amphibian declines is that increased dryness attributed to global climate change exposes amphibians to greater biotic threat and, consequently, greater mortality. But, little is known about behavioral responses of terrestrial amphibians to dry conditions alone or in combination with biotic threats. ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1206-7
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of N supply on shoot and leaf lifespan was investigated in established stands of four herbaceous Carex species which differed in maximum dry matter production. These species were, in rank order of increasing maximum dry matter production (per unit ground area): Carex diandra≤C. rostrata journal_title:Oecologia pub_type: 杂志文章 doi:10.1007/BF00341359 更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00