Effects of cover and predator size on survival and development of Ranautricularia tadpoles.

abstract：:We compared the parasitoid communities associated with grass-feeding herbivores in Germany and Britain to examine geographical consistency in community composition and to test ecological characteristics of the plants and host insects that may explain variability in parasitoid community structure. The parasitoid commun...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Tscharntke T,Vidal S,Hawkins BA

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rodents of the family Heteromyidae are proficient gatherers and hoarders of seeds. A major component of their adaptive specialization for harvesting and transporting seeds is their spacious, fur-lined cheek pouches. Precise measurements of cheek pouch capacities are essential if ecologists are to understand the foragi...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Vander Wall SB,Longland WS,Pyare S,Veech JA

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of a hard seed coat, entirely preventing absorption of water in desert species ofSida, germination is rendered impossible or difficult under laboratry conditions. This block was eliminated by high temperature pretreatments to ensure better germination. The seeds could tolerate extremely high temperatures for s...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Chawan DD

更新日期：1971-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glossiphoniid leeches Helobdella stagnalis and Glossiphonia complanata co-exist on the stony shores of British lakes. Because both species have a similar life-style and are food limited, the question arises as to how coexistence persists. Laboratory experiments investigated if either leech has a competitive advant...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Young JO,Martin AJ,Seaby RM

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatial and temporal variation in resource distribution affect the movement and foraging behavior of many animals. In the case of animal-dispersed trees, numerous studies have addressed masting-the synchronized variation in seed production between years-but the fitness consequences of spatial variation in seed product...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pesendorfer MB,Koenig WD

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evaluation of size-dependent variation in statoblast numbers in Plumatella repens indicates that this freshwater bryozoan employs divergent strategies in dispersing its asexual offspring in space and time. While the numbers of sessoblasts which were cemented to local substrates did not vary per unit ramet size, number...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Karlson RH

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants derived from ten representative Limnanthes alba populations in Northern California, grown in a common environment, showed significant among-population genetic variation of certain floral and life history characters. Variation of these two sets of characters also correlated with the geographic distribution of po...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ritland K,Jain S

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：: Fluorogenic substrate analogues (MUF substrates) are very sensitive in detecting hydrolytic enzymes. This method was adapted for the quantitative analysis of extracellular enzymes in snails and other animals. It was then used to determine cellobiase, chitobiase, protease, esterase, phosphatase and lipase in the diges...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Brendelberger H

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The response to a single defoliation was studied on three clones of Themeda triandra collected in the short, mid, and tall grassland regions of the Serengeti National Park (Tanzania). These sites represent a gradient of decreasing grazing intensity. Growth, allocation pattern, and several morphometric traits were moni...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Oesterheld M,McNaughton SJ

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Global biodiversity is threatened by multiple anthropogenic stressors but little is known about the combined effects of environmental warming and invasive species on ecosystem functioning. We quantified thermal preferences and then compared leaf-litter processing rates at eight different temperatures (5.0-22.5 °C) by ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Kenna D,Fincham WN,Dunn AM,Brown LE,Hassall C

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiological activity and C and N allocation of beech seedlings planted in two different beech forest soils (acid brown earth, rendzina) were studied over 80 days. One adult earthworm Octolasion lacteum (Örley) was placed in half of the containers. Transpiration, CO2, assimilation, chlorophyll synthesis and N inc...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wolters V,Stickan W

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The similarity in species composition between two communities generally decays as a function of increasing distance between them. Parasite communities in vertebrate definitive hosts follow this pattern but the respective relationship in intermediate invertebrate hosts of parasites with complex life cycles is unknown. ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Thieltges DW,Ferguson MA,Jones CS,Krakau M,de Montaudouin X,Noble LR,Reise K,Poulin R

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined how different exploratory behavioral types of largemouth bass responded to differing prey communities by determining effects on growth, survival and diet in experimental ponds. We found evidence that non-explorer largemouth bass target young-of-year bluegill early on in life, but bluegill were not an impor...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nannini MA,Wahl DH

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During a severe outbreak of sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei vulpes) starting among red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Sweden in the 1970s, we studied: 1) the establishment and spread of the disease in northernmost Sweden (by inquiries), and 2) the 1970-84 bag records for foxes and mountain hares (Lepus timidus) (an alter...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Danell K,Hörnfeldt B

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditionally it has been thought that most boreal forest communities lack a significant input of biologically fixed nitrogen. Recent discoveries of nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria associated with mosses have resulted in a re-evaluation of this view. While it is recognized that rates of nitrogen fixation in mosses ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Markham JH

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two methods of extraction were used in the estimation of snail population densities in woodland litter. The time-consuming-Vágvölgyi technique proved to be 6.25 times more efficient than infra-red heat extraction but it was shown that the results obtained by the latter method could be easily corrected to conform with ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Phillipson J,Abel R

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut extracts of Gammarus fossarum liberated reducing substances (at pH values ≤7) and amino acids (pH≥7) from freshly shed oak leaves only after removal of soluble leaf phenols. When carboxymethylcellulose was used at a concentration equal to that of leaf cellulose, release of reducing substances was considerably high...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bärlocher F

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from the US/IBP Desert Biome validation studies indicate that above-ground production and biomass allocated to reproduction in Larrea tridentata vary from one year to another depending upon the timing and extent of soil-moisture availability. In an attempt to verify these observations and determine to what extent...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cunningham GL,Syvertsen JP,Reynolds JF,Willson JM

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Larvae of the sessile marine invertebrate Bugula neritina (Bryozoa) are protected by an effective chemical defense. From the larvae, we isolated three bryostatin-class macrocyclic polyketides, including the novel bryostatin 20, that deterred feeding by a common planktivorous fish that co-occurs with B. neritina. A uni...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lopanik N,Lindquist N,Targett N

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been postulated that free amino acids in the diet of herbivores are a more readily available source of nitrogen than are amino acids in intact proteins. When plants are subjected to any of a number of stress factors the concentration of free amino acids in their tissues may increase relative to the protein cont...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cockfield SD

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With multiple species introductions and rapid global changes, there is a need for comprehensive invasion models that can predict community responses. Evidence suggests that abiotic constraint, propagule pressure, and biotic resistance of resident species each determine plant invasion success, yet their interactions ar...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Byun C,de Blois S,Brisson J

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has commonly been assumed that pollinator energy intake increases with flowering plant density, and visitation to flowers should therefore be higher in denser stands. I therefore investigated the relationship between flight distance and flight time for bumblebees and butterflies foraging on Senecio integerrimus and...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Schmitt J

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many organisms undergo ontogenetic niche shifts due to considerable changes in size during their development. These ontogenetic shifts can alter the trophic position of individuals, the type and strength of ecological interactions across species, and allow for cannibalism within species. In this study we ask if and ho...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rudolf VH,Armstrong J

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stomata of paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) seedlings were more open at high humidity than at low humidity and responded rapidly to changes in vapor pressure deficit. SO2 at 0.2 or 0.8 μl l-1 caused partial stomatal closure. Seedlings fumigated with SO2 at 0.2 or 0.5 μl l-1 for 30 h or 0.2 μl l-1 for 75 h took u...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Norby RJ,Kozlowski TT

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The costs and benefits of resource integration in Hydrocotyle bonariensis were examined by comparing severed and intact clones grown across multiple resource gradients. Basipetal movement of water, nitrogen and photosynthates was demonstrated to occur between two rhizome branch systems interconnecting hundreds of rame...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Evans JP

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen (N2) fixation was estimated along an aridity gradient in Namibia from the natural abundance of 15N (δ15N value) in 11 woody species of the Mimosacease which were compared with the δ15N values in 11 woody non-Mimosaceae. Averaging all species and habitats the calculated contribution of N2 fixation (N f ) to le...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Schulze ED,Gebauer G,Ziegler H,Lange OL

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spartina alterniflora has been reported to lose significant amounts of oxygen to its rhizosphere with potentially important effects on salt-marsh biogeochemical cycling and plant productivity. The potential significance of this oxidative pathway was evaluated using laboratory split-chamber experiments to quantify oxyg...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Howes BL,Teal JM

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of feeding cues determine the palatability of detritus to detritivorous invertebrates. In salt marsh detritus the feeding cues include flavor provided by phenolics such as ferulic acid, pH, salinity, and nitrogen content. We examined the feeding responses to each cue by using experimental manipulations where ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Valiela I,Rietsma CS

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Specialist herbivores are known to alter their host's wound-induced responses but the beneficiaries of these alterations are unknown. Nicotiana attenuata plants release a burst of ethylene specifically in response to feeding by Manduca sexta larvae, which is known to suppress wound- and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-inducib...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Voelckel C,Schittko U,Baldwin IT

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I increased the availability of tadpole-rearing sites (bromeliads) and oviposition sites (leaf litter) and examined the effects on space-use patterns in adult Dendrobates pumilio at the La Selva Biological Reserve in northeastern Costa Rica. I made 4158 observations of 986 marked adults during the seven-month study pe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Donnelly MA

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00