Plasticity of reproductive components at different stages of development in the annual plant Thlaspi arvense L.

abstract：:In tropical rain forests of Central America, the canopy tree Dipteryx panamensis (Papilionaceae) fruits when overall fruit biomass is low for mammals. Flying and arboreal consumers feed on D. panamensis and drop seeds under the parent or disperse them farther away. Seeds on the ground attract many vertebrate seed-eate...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Forget PM

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many ecological studies rely heavily on chemical analysis of plant and animal tissues. Often, there is limited time and money to perform all the required analyses and this can result in less than ideal sampling schemes and poor levels of replication. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) can relieve these cons...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Foley WJ,McIlwee A,Lawler I,Aragones L,Woolnough AP,Berding N

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have been releasing economically unimportant herbivorous mites of one species early in the season and protecting grapevines against another, more damaging herbivorous mite throughout the growing season. In this experiment, releases of economically unimportant Willamette mites alone, or of predatory mites alone, fai...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Karban R,Hougen-Eitzmann D,English-Loeb G

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The percent of species of the Cyperaceae possessing the C4 pathway was calculated for twenty-five regions of North America. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to determine which climatic variables were most highly correlated with the percent C4 species among the various regions. The square of the mean Ju...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Teeri JA,Livingstone DA

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developing leaves that are soft, with high concentrations of resources, can be particularly vulnerable to herbivore damage. Since a developing leaf cannot be very tough, given the constraints of cell expansion, the major form of protection is likely to be chemical defence. We investigated changes in concentration of h...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Brunt C,Read J,Sanson GD

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the winter in greenhouse culture, Frerea indica(Asclepiadaceae) is a leafless stem succulent resembling the other members of the Stapelieae subfamily. However, in spring it produces leaves which persist during the summer period. CO2 exchange measurements were carried out with Frerea indica at its different seas...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lange OL,Zuber M

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human activities can have a suite of positive and negative effects on animals and thus can affect various life history parameters. Human presence and agricultural practice can be perceived as stressors to which animals react with the secretion of glucocorticoids. The acute short-term secretion of glucocorticoids is co...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Almasi B,Béziers P,Roulin A,Jenni L

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seeds dispersed by tropical, arboreal mammals are usually deposited singly and without dung or in clumps of fecal material. After dispersal through defecation by mammals, most seeds are secondarily dispersed by dung beetles or consumed by rodents. These post-dispersal, plant-animal interactions are likely to interact ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Andresen E,Levey DJ

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to enhanced levels of ambient ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVR) can have adverse effects on aquatic organisms including damage at the cellular and molecular level and impairment of development, fecundity and survival. Much research has been conducted on the role of the harmful UVB radiation. However, due to it...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rick IP,Mehlis M,Eßer E,Bakker TC

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A factorial design of clipping and compaction was used to study the responses of Schizachyrium scoparium and its mycorrhizal symbionts to these stresses. All treatment combinations significantly reduced the growth and biomass of plants relative to controls. Compaction significantly reduced tillering and crown expansio...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wallace LL

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predation pressure and resource availability often interact in structuring herbivore communities, with their relative influence varying in space and time. The operation of multiple ecological pressures and guild-specific herbivore responses may combine to override simple predictions of how the roles of plant quality a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Zehnder CB,Stodola KW,Cooper RJ,Hunter MD

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enemy release often is invoked to explain the success of invasive plants: an invader benefits from reduced attack as it escapes specialized enemies through the invasion process. Enemy release typically is thought of as occurring at large geographic scales, but local-scale interactions may also be important for invader...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nunes KA,Kotanen PM

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Masting is the intermittent production of large seed crops by a population of plants. Two main hypotheses have been proposed to explain masting. Variations in seed crop may result from stochastic climate factors (temperature, rainfall, etc.), and/or masting may be a plant evolutionary strategy to avoid specific seed p...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Poncet BN,Garat P,Manel S,Bru N,Sachet JM,Roques A,Despres L

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We tested the existence of general patterns in the photosynthetic metabolism of oxygen-evolving organisms, based on a compilation of data for 315 species ranging from cyanobacteria to tree leaves. We used thickness and chlorophyll a concentration of the photosynthetic structure (cell, thallus, leaf) to scale differenc...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Enríquez S,Duarte CM,Sand-Jensen K,Nielsen SL

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants of the cerrado tree species Qualea grandiflora and the annual herb Bidens gardneri were grown from seed in controlled environment rooms at 30/20° C and 12 hour photoperiod. Seedlings were grown in pots or small tubes containing sand and provided with various amounts of mineral solutions based on the formulation...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Felippe GM,Dale JE

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen availability is a critical component of productivity in successional lowland rainforests, and nitrogen losses from a given system may largely depend on rates of nitrification in soils of the system. Two hypotheses were tested in a study of a 6-point secondary rainforest sere in the coastal lowlands of Costa R...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Philip Robertson G

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been postulated that free amino acids in the diet of herbivores are a more readily available source of nitrogen than are amino acids in intact proteins. When plants are subjected to any of a number of stress factors the concentration of free amino acids in their tissues may increase relative to the protein cont...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cockfield SD

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies that test community assembly hypotheses in observational communities frequently evaluate patterns for plots or entire communities, yet studies that examine assembly patterns across spatial scales show that they are greatly influenced by scale. Here, we test the spatial dependency of patterns of relatedness and...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Jin LS,Yin D,Fortin MJ,Cadotte MW

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is no correlation between protein-precipitating capacity and either total phenolic or proanthocyanidin content of extracts of mature foliage from six species of oaks: Quercus alba (white oak), Q. bicolor (swamp white oak), Q. macrocarpa (bur oak), Q. palustris (pin oak), Q. rubra (red oak), and Q. velutina (blac...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Martin JS,Martin MM

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut extracts of Gammarus fossarum liberated reducing substances (at pH values ≤7) and amino acids (pH≥7) from freshly shed oak leaves only after removal of soluble leaf phenols. When carboxymethylcellulose was used at a concentration equal to that of leaf cellulose, release of reducing substances was considerably high...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bärlocher F

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tendency of mammals to increase or decrease body size with respect to geography or time depends on the abundance, availability, and size of resources. This dependency accounts for a change in mass with respect to geography, including latitude (Bergmann's rule), a desert existence, and life on oceanic islands (the ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： McNab BK

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laboratory feeding experiments were conducted with Dipodomys ordii and Perognathus flavus in an attempt to discover a mechanism which might result in seed size selection. There was no marked difference in the proportions of four seed types collected whether the rodents foraged in the presence or absence of one another...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hutto RL

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aggregations of different-looking animals are frequently seen in nature, despite well-documented selection pressures on individuals to maintain phenotypically homogenous groups. Two well-known theories, the 'confusion effect' (reduced ability of a predator to accurately target an individual in a group) and the 'oddity...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rodgers GM,Kimbell H,Morrell LJ

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many bumblebee species are declining at a rapid rate in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. This is commonly attributed to the decline in floral resources that has resulted from an intensification in farming practices. Here we assess growth of nests of the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, in habitats providing different le...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Goulson D,Hughes W,Derwent L,Stout J

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mass loss of litter mixtures is often different than expected based on the mass loss of the component species. We investigated if the identity of neighbour species affects these litter-mixing effects. To achieve this, we compared decomposition rates in monoculture and in all possible two-species combinations of ei...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hoorens B,Coomes D,Aerts R

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change is disrupting species interactions by altering the timing of phenological events such as budburst for plants and hatching for insects. We combined field observations with laboratory manipulations to investigate the consequences of climate warming on the phenology and performance of the eastern tent cate...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Abarca M,Lill JT

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dry lichen thalli were enclosed in gas exchange chambers and treated with an air stream of high relative humidity (96.5 to near 100%) until water potential equilibrium was reached with the surrounding air (i.e., no further increase of weight through water vapor uptake). They were then sprayed with liquid water. The tr...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lange OL,Kilian E,Ziegler H

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The great majority of Eucalyptus spp. are facultative resprouters, and they dominate the eucalypt forests of Australia. Despite this numeric and geographic dominance, there is a general lack of knowledge of their capacity for carbon capture and water loss during canopy reinstation. After a crown-removing fire, we meas...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Turnbull TL,Buckley TN,Barlow AM,Adams MA

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We tested the deme-formation hypothesis experimentally with four populations of leaf-galling grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, and its host, canyon grape (Vitis arizonica). An experiment designed to examine preference and performance showed that phylloxera populations did not significantly prefer their orig...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Kimberling DN,Price PW

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hemiepiphytic species in the genera Clusia and Ficus were investigated to study their mode of photosynthetic metabolism when growing under natural conditions. Despite growing sympatrically in many areas and having the same growth habit, some Clusia species show Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) whereas all species of...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ting IP,Hann J,Holbrook NM,Putz FE,Sternberg LD,Price D,Goldstein G

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00