Abstract:
:The focus of this paper is dietary intervention trials. We explore the statistical issues involved when the response variable, intake of a food or nutrient, is based on self-report data that are subject to inherent measurement error. There has been little work on handling error in this context. A particular feature of self-reported dietary intake data is that the error may be differential by intervention group. Measurement error methods require information on the nature of the errors in the self-report data. We assume that there is a calibration sub-study in which unbiased biomarker data are available. We outline methods for handling measurement error in this setting and use theory and simulations to investigate how self-report and biomarker data may be combined to estimate the intervention effect. Methods are illustrated using data from the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Intervention in the Elderly, in which the intervention was a sodium-lowering diet and the response was sodium intake. Simulations are used to investigate the methods under differential error, differing reliability of self-reports relative to biomarkers and different proportions of individuals in the calibration sub-study. When the reliability of self-report measurements is comparable with that of the biomarker, it is advantageous to use the self-report data in addition to the biomarker to estimate the intervention effect. If, however, the reliability of the self-report data is low compared with that in the biomarker, then, there is little to be gained by using the self-report data. Our findings have important implications for the design of dietary intervention trials. © 2016 The Authors. Statistics in Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
journal_name
Stat Medjournal_title
Statistics in medicineauthors
Keogh RH,Carroll RJ,Tooze JA,Kirkpatrick SI,Freedman LSdoi
10.1002/sim.7011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-11-10 00:00:00pages
4493-4508issue
25eissn
0277-6715issn
1097-0258journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A stochastic approximation EM algorithm (SAEM) is described for exploratory factor analysis of dichotomous or ordinal variables. The factor structure is obtained from sufficient statistics that are updated during iterations with the Robbins-Monro procedure. Two large-scale simulations are reported that compare accurac...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8217
更新日期:2019-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Although population-based molecular association studies are becoming increasingly popular, methodology for the meta-analysis of these studies has been neglected, particularly with regard to two issues: testing Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), and pooling results in a manner that reflects a biological model of gene ef...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2010
更新日期:2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The need to deliver interventions targeting multiple diseases in a cost-effective manner calls for integrated disease control efforts. Consequently, maps are required that show where the risk of co-infection is particularly high. Co-infection risk is preferably estimated via Bayesian geostatistical multinomi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4243
更新日期:2011-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Wittes and Brittain recommended using an 'internal pilot study' to adjust sample size. The approach involves five steps in testing a general linear hypothesis for a general linear univariate model, with Gaussian errors. First, specify the design, hypothesis, desired test size, power, a smallest 'clinically meaningful'...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19990530)18:10<1199::aid-s
更新日期:1999-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a two-step procedure to personalize drug dosage over time under the framework of a log-linear mixed-effect model. We model patients' heterogeneity using subject-specific random effects, which are treated as the realizations of an unspecified stochastic process. We extend the conditional quadratic inference ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7016
更新日期:2016-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Motivated by a study for soft tissue sarcoma, this article considers the analysis of diseases recurrence and survival. A multivariate frailty hazard model is established for joint modeling of three correlated time-to-event outcomes: local disease recurrence, distant disease recurrence (metastasis), and death. The goal...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7030
更新日期:2016-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Shared random effects models have been increasingly common in the joint analyses of repeated measures (e.g. CD4 counts, hemoglobin levels) and a correlated failure time such as death. In this paper we study several shared random effects models in the multi-level repeated measures data setting with dependent failure ti...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3392
更新日期:2008-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Confidence intervals for a standardized effect are derived after stabilizing the variance of the Welch t-statistic. Simulation studies demonstrate the viability of the resulting intervals for a wide range of parameter values and sample sizes as small as five. The methodology is extended to the combination of results f...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2751
更新日期:2007-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Statistical methods for testing and interval estimation of the ratio of marginal probabilities in the matched-pair setting are considered in this paper. We are especially interested in the situation where the null value is not one, as in one-sided equivalence trials. We propose a Fieller-type statistic based on constr...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1017
更新日期:2002-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::We consider the estimation of parameters in a particular segmented generalized linear model with additive measurement error in predictors, with a focus on linear and logistic regression. In epidemiologic studies segmented regression models often occur as threshold models, where it is assumed that the exposure has no i...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19970130)16:2<169::aid-sim
更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::We examine the properties of several tests for goodness-of-fit for multinomial logistic regression. One test is based on a strategy of sorting the observations according to the complement of the estimated probability for the reference outcome category and then grouping the subjects into g equal-sized groups. A g x c c...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3202
更新日期:2008-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::We present methods for binomial regression when the outcome is determined using the results of a single diagnostic test with imperfect sensitivity and specificity. We present our model, illustrate it with the analysis of real data, and provide an example of WinBUGS program code for performing such an analysis. Conditi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1656
更新日期:2004-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although the literature on contraceptive failure is vast and is expanding rapidly, our understanding of the relative efficacy of methods is quite limited because of defects in the research design and in the analytical tools used by investigators. Errors in the literature range from simple arithmetical mistakes to outr...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/sim.4780100206
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a variety of biomedical applications, particularly those involving screening for infectious diseases, testing individuals (e.g. blood/urine samples, etc.) in pools has become a standard method of data collection. This experimental design, known as group testing (or pooled testing), can provide a large reduction in ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3678
更新日期:2009-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::A three-component, competing-risk mortality model, developed for animal survival data, fits human life table data for all ages over a range of mean life spans from 16 to 74 years. The competing risks are a novel exponentially-decreasing hazard, dominant during immaturity; a constant hazard, dominant during adulthood; ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780020309
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumour registry linkage, chart review and patient self-report are all commonly used ascertainment methods in cancer epidemiology. These methods are used for estimating the incidence or prevalence of different cancer types in a population, and for investigating the effects of possible risk factors for cancer. Tumour re...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2116
更新日期:2005-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Ewell and Ibrahim derived the large sample distribution of the logrank statistic under general local alternatives. Their asymptotic results enable us to extend several group sequential designs which allow for early stopping in favour of the null hypothesis to the setting in which the cure rate model is appropriate. In...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-0258(20001130)19:22<3023::aid-sim638>
更新日期:2000-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-sectional designs are often used to monitor the proportion of infections and other post-surgical complications acquired in hospitals. However, conventional methods for estimating incidence proportions when applied to cross-sectional data may provide estimators that are highly biased, as cross-sectional designs t...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5608
更新日期:2013-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Geocoding a study population as completely as possible is an important data assimilation component of many spatial epidemiologic studies. Unfortunately, complete geocoding is rare in practice. The failure of a substantial proportion of study subjects' addresses to geocode has consequences for spatial analyses, some of...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3288
更新日期:2008-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Among subjects who have experienced a biological event, such as menarche, menopause or a delivery, one cannot distinguish the effects of time since the event from age at the event due to the linear dependency among these time variables and age at study ('current age'). This is a well-known problem that also exists in ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19960730)15:14<1545::AID-S
更新日期:1996-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials, especially the randomized clinical trial, have been and will remain the gold standard for the evaluation of new interventions, including pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices, procedures, or behavioral modifications. Despite more than five decades of experience, there are still challenges in the...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5405
更新日期:2012-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::We simulated multinomial AIDS incidence counts from 27 'representative' AIDS epidemics that spanned a period corresponding to previous applications of backcalculation (1 January 1977 to 1 July 1987) and assessed mean square error for several back-calculated estimators of HIV prevalence and short-term AIDS projections....
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780100802
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimates of transmission probabilities for sexually transmitted diseases historically come from studies of uninfected individuals exposed to those with a high disease prevalence (for example, prostitutes). However, changes in sexual behaviour, much of which relates to concerns about AIDS, has made identification of p...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780110502
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Summarizing the information of many studies using a meta-analysis becomes more and more important, also in the field of diagnostic studies. The special challenge in meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies is that in general sensitivity and specificity are co-primary endpoints. Across the studies both endpoints ar...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6583
更新日期:2015-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::The case-control study is a simple and an useful method to characterize the effect of a gene, the effect of an exposure, as well as the interaction between the two. The control-free case-only study is yet an even simpler design, if interest is centered on gene-environment interaction only. It requires the sometimes pl...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4028
更新日期:2010-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Screening and diagnostic tests are important in disease prevention or control. The predictive values of positive and negative (PPV and NPV) test results are two of four operational characteristics of a screening test. We review an existing method based on the generalized estimating equation (GEE) methodology for compa...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2332
更新日期:2006-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Generalized linear models are often assumed to fit propensity scores, which are used to compute inverse probability weighted (IPW) estimators. To derive the asymptotic properties of IPW estimators, the propensity score is supposed to be bounded away from zero. This condition is known in the literature as strict positi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7827
更新日期:2018-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::In any field in which decisions are subject to measurements, interchangeability between the methods used to obtain these measurements is essential. To consider methods as interchangeable, a certain degree of agreement is needed between the measurements they provide. The concordance correlation coefficient is an index ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2397
更新日期:2005-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Assessing and comparing the performance of correlated predictive scores are of current interest in precision medicine. Given the limitations of available theoretical approaches for assessing and comparing the predictive accuracy, numerical methods are highly desired which, however, have not been systematically develop...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8566
更新日期:2020-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::In clinical research, we are often interested in assessing how a biomarker changes with time, and whether it could be used as a surrogate marker when evaluating the efficacy of a new drug. However, when the longitudinal marker is correlated with survival, linear mixed models for longitudinal data may be inappropriate....
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3142
更新日期:2007-12-30 00:00:00