Abstract：
:Astrocyte-mediated inflammation is associated with degenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and multiple sclerosis. The acute inflammation and morphological and metabolic changes that astrocytes develop after the insult are known as reactive astroglia or astrogliosis that is an important response to protect and repair the lesion. Astrocytes optimize their metabolism to produce lactate, glutamate, and ketone bodies in order to provide energy to the neurons that are deprived of nutrients upon insult. Firstly, we review the basis of inflammation and morphological changes of the different cell population implicated in reactive gliosis. Next, we discuss the more active metabolic pathways in healthy astrocytes and explain the metabolic response of astrocytes to the insult in different pathologies and which metabolic alterations generate complications in these diseases. We emphasize the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors isotypes in the inflammatory and metabolic adaptation of astrogliosis developed in ischemia or neurodegenerative diseases. Based on results reported in astrocytes and other cells, we resume and hypothesize the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation with ligands on different metabolic pathways in order to supply energy to the neurons. The activation of selective PPAR isotype activity may serve as an input to better understand the role played by these receptors on the metabolic and inflammatory compensation of astrogliosis and might represent an opportunity to develop new therapeutic strategies against traumatic brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
journal_name
Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Molecular neurobiologyauthors
Iglesias J,Morales L,Barreto GEdoi
10.1007/s12035-016-9833-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-05-01 00:00:00pages
2518-2538issue
4eissn
0893-7648issn
1559-1182pii
10.1007/s12035-016-9833-2journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Retrograde signaling is defined as the signaling events leading from the plastids to the nucleus in plants and across the chemical synapse, from the postsynaptic neuron to the presynaptic neuron in animals. The discovery of various retrograde messengers has opened many avenues and clouds of thoughts as to the role of ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:Neuroblastoma (NB) is an extracranial solid cancer and the most common cancer in infancy. Despite the standard treatment for NB is based on the combination of chemotherapeutic drugs such as doxorubicin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and cisplatin, chemoresistance occurs over the time. The aim of the present research ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0065-2
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
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更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/MN:31:1-3:185
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-014-9013-1
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-017-0859-x
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-019-1514-5
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9418-5
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-013-8431-9
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-014-9034-9
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02780551
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-1137-2
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0346-9
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-0900-8
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0187-6
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-9875-5
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9275-2
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02780608
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9610-7
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-1273-8
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-9968-1
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-02041-x
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-013-8620-6
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-007-8009-5
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is variety of stem cell sources but problems in ethical issues, contamination, and normal karyotype cause many limitations in obtaining and using these cells. The cells in Wharton's jelly region of umbilical cord are abundant and available stem cells with low immunological incompatibility, which could be conside...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0090-1
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
