Abstract：
:The appropriate use of antibiotics in nosocomial infections has been a goal of infectious disease practitioners and hospital epidemiologists since the emergence of resistant staphylococci more than 30 years ago. This challenge has assumed new proportions in the 1980s for many reasons. First, resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are increasingly common. Thus many traditional drugs or combinations of drugs lack efficacy. Second, there are so many new antibiotics available that it is difficult for any but the most knowledgeable to use each of them appropriately. Third, economic reality has forced hospitals and physicians to alter their activities and focus more on cost considerations than was ever necessary before. Last, infectious disease as a subspecialty in internal medicine is profoundly different in the 1980s; many infections must be controlled for life rather than cured because of underlying infection with human immunodeficiency virus, which suppresses immunity. The use of antibiotics is now rapidly changing and the state of the art in 1989 is likely to be outdated very soon as new pathogens emerge and new drugs are developed. The appropriate use of the quinolones is a great challenge that we now face. Can we preserve this valuable class of drugs, or will resistance develop quickly because of widespread, indiscriminate, and inappropriate use? To what extent can we phase out aminoglycoside use without compromising efficacy and without promoting the development of resistance? Do the monobactams have a real role to play in combination therapy? How should formularies approach the diverse cephalosporins that now inundate the market? These are only a few of the fundamental questions that must be addressed as this decade ends.
journal_name
Am J Infect Controljournal_title
American journal of infection controlauthors
Ryan JLdoi
10.1016/0196-6553(89)90188-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-10-01 00:00:00pages
311-5issue
5eissn
0196-6553issn
1527-3296pii
0196-6553(89)90188-0journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:In the United States incidence of sepsis and pneumonia differ by race, but it is unclear whether this is due to intrinsic factors or health care factors. METHODS:We conducted a study of 52,006 patients hospitalized during 2006-2008 at a referral hospital in upper Manhattan. We examined how the prevalence of...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2014.08.019
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Iranian were advice to wear a mask and not touch their face during COVID-19 restrictions in Iran. METHODS:One-thousand people were observed for 15-30 minutes in public places between April 22 and May 9, 2020. The average number of touches to the mucosal zone was calculated per hour and mask wearers (N = 568...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2020.08.009
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Meticulous care of intravenous catheters could be expected to minimize associated nosocomial bloodstream infections, but care is often suboptimal. METHODS:To examine the ostensible benefits of a professional, dedicated intravenous therapy team, we compared the secular trends in nosocomial bloodstream infect...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(98)70033-1
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Skin prick tests are commonly used for human allergy testing and determination. Because solutions are kept at 4 degrees C and patient's skin is cleaned, the same solutions are used on many patients with the same applicators without sterilization. OBJECTIVES:Our objectives were to determine whether a model b...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2008.11.007
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about the hand hygiene practices of surgical patients. Most of the research has been directed at the health care worker, and this may discount the role that hand hygiene of the surgical patient might play in surgical site infections. METHODS:A quasiexperimental, pretest/post-test study was c...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2012.05.029
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A telephone survey involving 200 household members in and around Seoul, South Korea, was completed during the maturity stage of the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in Korea during June 2015. The study found that respondents perceived low risk from contracting MERS, had low trust in government in co...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.03.014
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because blood culture is a common test at our institution, we hoped to save money and reduce the risk of needlestick injury by modifying our current technique for the preparation of culture specimens without increasing the risk of contamination. METHODS: OBJECTIVE:To compare the contamination rates of bloo...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(05)80176-2
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are no guidelines or quality benchmarks specific to ureteroscope reprocessing, and patient injuries and infections have been linked to ureteroscopes. This prospective study evaluated ureteroscope reprocessing effectiveness. METHODS:Reprocessing practices at 2 institutions were assessed. Microbial cult...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2017.03.016
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Correlations between symptom documentation in medical records and patient self-report (SR) vary depending on the condition studied. Patient symptoms are particularly important in urinary tract infection (UTI) diagnosis, and this correlation for UTI symptoms is currently unknown. METHODS:This is a cross-sect...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.04.208
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Anticipated psychological responses and perceptions of risk have not been examined prior to the outbreak of an epidemic. METHODS:Using a cross-sectional, telephone survey, 805 Chinese adults in Hong Kong were interviewed anonymously in November, 2005 to examine beliefs related to H5N1 avian influenza and an...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2006.07.010
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the spread of health care-associated infections, but many facilities may not have the resources or expertise to develop their own hand hygiene promotion campaign. This observational study demonstrated that a campaign developed for 1 facility could successfully contribu...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.02.020
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Concern about occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens exists, and medical students, who lack in experience in patient care and surgical technique, may be at an increased exposure risk. METHODS:This prospective cohort study evaluated needlestick injuries and practices regarding the use of protective st...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mic.2003.44
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In-hospital surveillance of surgical site infections (SSI) was conducted on 599 patients in a German university hospital. On a subgroup of 342 patients, SSI was assessed after discharge from hospital based on data of a questionnaire and telephone interviews. Postdischarge surveillance revealed substantially higher inf...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2008.10.025
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study was conducted to determine risk factors for infectious complications after urodynamic study (UDS) in women, which can assist clinicians in identifying high-risk subjects who would benefit from antibiotic prophylaxis before UDS. METHODS:In this prospective cohort study, we studied 232 women who un...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.05.031
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Device associated infections (DAIs) have major impact on patient morbidity and mortality. METHODS:This study involved active prospective surveillance to measure the incidence of DAIs, evaluate microbiological profiles, and investigate excessive mortality in intensive care units (ICUs) in 3 hospitals of Cair...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.12.010
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee released hand hygiene guidelines recommending that hospitals educate personnel to increase compliance with hand hygiene. However, few educational tools are available to assist hospitals in this effort. Eight hospitals were recruited to implement hand hygien...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2005.06.010
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe an outbreak of influenza A in an oncology unit, highlighting infection control methods implemented, and examining reasons health care workers (HCWs) present to work with influenza-like illness (ILI). METHODS:Confirmed cases were defined by the presence of ILI and a positive nasopharyngeal polymer...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2018.10.024
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Clostridium difficile is the most common health care-associated infection and a major cause of death and increased morbidity. It is vital that patients and the public are provided with the right information and communication to assist them to understand their role in preventative measures. Successful impleme...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2012.05.026
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hand hygiene (HH) in health care facilities is a key component to reduce pathogen transmission and nosocomial infections. However, most HH interventions (HHI) have not been sustainable. AIMS:This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of recently published evidence-based HHI designed to improve HH c...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.11.034
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A survey of purchasers of The APIC Curriculum for Infection Control Practice was conducted in early 1985 by the APIC Curriculum Committee to determine characteristics of purchasers, usability of the text, reasons for purchase, and availability of references cited. Data were obtained from 342 (54.3%) respondents to a n...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-6553(85)90025-2
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since first reported in Europe in the early 1980s, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have spread worldwide. When producing these broad-spectrum plasmid-encoded enzymes, organisms become highly effective at inactivating penicillins, most cephalosporins, and aztreonam. Mainly produced by Klebsiella spp, ESBLs ha...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2004.07.010
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a serious and costly post-op complication. Generating SSI rates often requires labor-intensive methods, but increasing numbers of publications reported SSI rates using administrative data. METHODS:Index laminectomy and spinal fusion procedures were identified using Canadia...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2020.10.010
更新日期：2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Stethoscopes are contaminated with bacteria, but predictors of stethoscope disinfection frequency are unknown. We sought to describe health care provider stethoscope disinfection attitudes and practices and determine predictors of frequent disinfection. METHODS:We used an anonymous online survey of nurses, ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.11.021
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Needleless intravenous devices have now been implemented by many institutions worldwide. A rationale for their use has been a reduction in the number of needlestick injuries. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this review is to outline the possible benefits and dangers of needleless intravenous systems. REVIEW:Many earl...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(99)70009-x
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Compliance with hand hygiene guidelines reduces the risk of health care-associated infection, yet doctors are less compliant than other health care workers. Use of observational hand hygiene auditing with targeted individualized feedback was implemented, with improved hand hygiene of consultant doctors; howe...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2018.12.024
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A temporal artery thermometer was introduced at our hospital. Immediately staff noted subnormal temperature readings. METHODS:Three serial evaluations of patient temperatures were done: August 2000 (initial), September 2000 (posteducation), and December 2000 (after removal of temporal artery thermometer). ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mic.2003.10
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Comparability of the 2 commercially available tuberculin skin testing (TST) preparations, Aplisol (Parkdale Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Rochester, MI) and Tubersol (Aventis Pasteur, Inc, Swiftwater, PA), remains uncertain, particularly in groups that undergo repeated testing, such as health care workers. METHODS:...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2006.05.288
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The utilization of isolation precautions has increased in tertiary care hospitals due to the increase in colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms over time. We assessed the frequency of multidrug-resistant microorganisms responsible for implementation of contact precautions in the ICU of a tertiary care hospita...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2012.03.031
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A safe alternative to ethylene oxide for reprocessing heat-sensitive lumen medical devices, such as endoscopes, is needed. The effectiveness of a new, safe, low-cost, and environmentally friendly low-temperature sterilization process using ozone was assessed. METHOD:Rigid lumen devices were used to assess t...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2007.06.006
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Virucidal compounds are essential in preventing the transmission of viral infection in the health care environment. Understanding their mechanisms of action is necessary to improve their efficacy. Inactivation of viruses is less documented than that of bacteria notably because different types of virus have d...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2009.08.012
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
