Estimating the size of illicit tobacco consumption in Brazil: findings from the global adult tobacco survey.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although loss-framed pictorial warning labels (PWLs) have increased knowledge of the health harms caused by smoking, they may elicit maladaptive responses among some smokers who have tried repeatedly, yet unsuccessfully, to quit smoking. However, research suggests that maladaptive responses may diminish if w...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Blank ML,Hoek J,Gendall P

更新日期：2020-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study tests relationships between the volume of advertisements (ads; public service announcements (PSAs)) employed in state antismoking campaigns, use of different themes and stylistic features in these PSAs, and state youth smoking prevalence between 1999 and 2005. METHODS:We merged commercially availa...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Niederdeppe J,Avery R,Byrne S,Siam T

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have suggested that about 1 in 5 smokers report switching brands per year. However, these studies only report switching between brands. The current study estimated the rates of switching both within and between brand families and examining factors associated with brand and brand style switchin...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Cornelius ME,Cummings KM,Fong GT,Hyland A,Driezen P,Chaloupka FJ,Hammond D,O'Connor RJ,Bansal-Travers M

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and its Guidelines recommend nations ban the use of misleading terms, such as 'light' and 'mild' on tobacco product advertising, packaging and labelling. Many nations, including the USA, have implemented such bans and some have introduced or passed legislation r...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Alpert HR,Carpenter D,Connolly GN

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyse the dynamics of smoking prevalence, initiation, and cessation in relation to sex, age, birth cohort, study year, and educational level. DESIGN:Six independent cross-sectional population surveys repeated every five years between 1972 and 1997. SETTING:The provinces of North Karelia and Kuopio in e...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Laaksonen M,Uutela A,Vartiainen E,Jousilahti P,Helakorpi S,Puska P

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Waterpipe smoking (WPS) has increased among young adults who may be oblivious to its harmful effects. We explored Chinese young adults' experiences of using waterpipes. METHODS:Semi-structured interviews with 49 Chinese young adults aged between 18 to 30 years who had smoked waterpipes in the past 30 days w...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Lee JJ,Yeung KCY,Wang MP,Thorne S

更新日期：2020-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess beliefs about the tar and nicotine delivery characteristics and health benefits of Light and Ultra Light cigarettes among cigarette smokers. DESIGN:Random digit dialed telephone survey conducted in September 1999. SUBJECTS:Daily smokers (n = 2120) of Regular (46%), Light (39%), and Ultra Light (15...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Shiffman S,Pillitteri JL,Burton SL,Rohay JM,Gitchell JG

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'common knowledge' defence is a legal strategy which has been successfully used by defendant tobacco companies to avoid legal responsibility for the harms caused by smoking. Tobacco companies have hired professional historians to try to persuade courts about a longstanding high level of public awareness regarding ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Callard C

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of designated "no smoking" areas in the hospitality industry as a means of providing protection from environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and whether certain design features assist in achieving this end. METHODOLOGY:In the greater metropolitan region of Sydney, a representative group ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Cains T,Cannata S,Poulos R,Ferson MJ,Stewart BW

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette butts and other postconsumer products from tobacco use are the most common waste elements picked up worldwide each year during environmental cleanups. Under the environmental principle of Extended Producer Responsibility, tobacco product manufacturers may be held responsible for collection, transport, proces...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Curtis C,Novotny TE,Lee K,Freiberg M,McLaughlin I

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco often elicits negative connotations of a lower class product, uptake and use by young adult smokers has grown because RYO is more cost-effective than tailor-made (TM) cigarettes. We explored the practices and beliefs young adults develop to distance themselves from unattr...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Hoek J,Ferguson S,Court E,Gallopel-Morvan K

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Identify the population of internet e-cigarette vendors (IEVs) and conduct content analyses of their age verification, purchase and delivery methods in 2013 and 2014. METHODS:We used multiple sources to identify IEV websites, primarily complex search algorithms scanning more than 180 million websites. In 201...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Williams RS,Derrick J,Liebman AK,LaFleur K,Ribisl KM

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To test whether community-level restrictions on youth access to tobacco (including both ordinances and enforcement) are associated with less smoking initiation or less progression to established smoking among adolescents. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study of a random sample of adolescents in Massachusetts whos...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Thomson CC,Hamilton WL,Siegel MB,Biener L,Rigotti NA

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:International evidence shows that mass media campaigns are effective tobacco control interventions. However, they require substantial investment; a key question is whether their costs are justified by their benefits. The aim of this study was to systematically and comprehensively review economic evaluations ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Atusingwize E,Lewis S,Langley T

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:A system of price-cap regulation has previously been suggested to address the market failure inherent to the tobacco industry. This would benefit public health directly (eg, by making it extremely difficult for the industry to sell cut-price cigarettes, or use price as a marketing strategy) and indirectly (eg...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Branston JR,Gilmore AB

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The pace and scale of the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with ongoing efforts by health agencies to communicate harms, have created a pressing need for data to inform messaging about smoking, vaping, and COVID-19. We examined reactions to COVID-19 and traditional health harms messages discouraging smoking and ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Grummon AH,Hall MG,Mitchell CG,Pulido M,Mendel Sheldon J,Noar SM,Ribisl KM,Brewer NT

更新日期：2020-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine what the tobacco industry knew about the potential effects of menthol on smoking topography-how a person smokes a cigarette. METHODS:A snowball strategy was used to systematically search the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library (http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu) between 1 June 2010 and 9 August 2010. ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Yerger VB,McCandless PM

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In countries banning advertising and display of tobacco at point-of-sale, little is known about tobacco companies' continuing promotion of products through incentives and benefits to retailers. METHOD:A telephone survey of 4527 randomly selected Australian retailers was conducted in August 2018, and identif...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Watts C,Burton S,Freeman B,Phillips F,Kennington K,Scollo M,Lindorff K,Egger S

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To compare relative toxic emissions scores (RTE) of the carbon filter cigarette Marlboro UltraSmooth (MUS), against regular Marlboro, Holiday, and British Columbian brands. METHOD:MUS cigarettes were purchased in Tampa, Florida; Marlboro regular and Holiday were purchased in Auckland, New Zealand, and all emission...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Laugesen M,Fowles J

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine if restaurant business declines or improves after the implementation of restrictive restaurant smoking policies. DESIGN:Analysis used a pre/post-quasi-experimental design that compared town meals tax receipts before and after the imposition of highly restrictive restaurant smoking policies in ad...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Bartosch WJ,Pope GC

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence and correlates of cigarette smoking among adults in high mountain rural areas of northern Pakistan. DESIGN:Cross sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS:A sample of 4203 adults (aged 18 years and over) were selected by stratified random sampling from 16 villages. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Sel...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Shah SM,Arif AA,Delclos GL,Khan AR,Khan A

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While the 'low-tar' scheme has been widely recognised as a misleading tactic used by the tobacco industry to deceive the public about the true risks of cigarette smoking, a similar campaign using the slogan of 'less harmful, low tar' was launched by the Chinese tobacco industry, that is, State Tobacco Monopoly Adminis...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Yang G

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify and explain tobacco industry strategy in undermining tobacco control measures in Finland and results of these interferences in tobacco policy development during the 1980s and early 1990s. METHODS:Tobacco industry documents, which have been publicly available on the internet as a result of litigat...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Hiilamo H

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate differences in snuff consumption, sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics between baseline intermittent smokers that had become daily smokers, stopped smoking or remained intermittent smokers at the one year follow up. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS/MEASUREMENTS:A population of 12 507 i...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Lindström M,Isacsson SO,Malmö Shoulder-Neck Study Group.

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:With the male smoking prevalence near 60% in 1991, Thailand was one of the first Asian nations to implement strict tobacco control policies. However, the success of their efforts has not been well documented. METHODS:The role of tobacco control policies are examined using the "SimSmoke" tobacco control mode...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Levy DT,Benjakul S,Ross H,Ritthiphakdee B

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We review the Population Health Impact Model (PHIM) developed by Philip Morris International and used in its application to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to market its heated tobacco product (HTP), IQOS, as a modified-risk tobacco product (MRTP). We assess the model against FDA guidelines for MRT...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Max WB,Sung HY,Lightwood J,Wang Y,Yao T

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the determinants of smoking behaviour and to estimate the impact of tobacco consumption on the consumption of other commodities by Cambodian households. METHODS:To assess the determinants of smoking in Cambodia, the authors used a logistic regression model that estimated the probability of an indi...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： John RM,Ross H,Blecher E

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Food and Drug Administration can reduce the nicotine content in cigarettes to very low levels. This potential regulatory action is hypothesised to improve public health by reducing smoking, but may have unintended consequences related to weight gain. METHODS:Weight gain was evaluated from a double-blind...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Rupprecht LE,Koopmeiners JS,Dermody SS,Oliver JA,al'Absi M,Benowitz NL,Denlinger-Apte R,Drobes DJ,Hatsukami D,McClernon FJ,Pacek LR,Smith TT,Sved AF,Tidey J,Vandrey R,Donny EC

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the incidence of conversion to tobacco dependence (TD) and the prevalence of the TD state in relation to several potential determinants in a sample of adolescent smokers. METHODS:Questionnaires were administered every 3-4 months to document TD symptoms, amount of cigarette consumption, and depressio...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Karp I,O'Loughlin J,Hanley J,Tyndale RF,Paradis G

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cigarette consumption has declined in the USA. However, cigar consumption has increased. This may be due in part to some cigarette smokers switching to filtered cigars as a less expensive substitute for cigarettes. Additionally, some cigarette smokers may perceive and consume little filtered cigars as ciga...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Casseus M,Garmon J,Hrywna M,Delnevo CD

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00