Abstract：
:The carotid body (CB) is organized in clusters of lobules containing type I cells and type II cells, in a ratio of approximately 4:1. The CB undergoes structural and functional changes during perinatal development, in response to a variety of environmental stimuli and in pathological conditions. Knowing that the CB acts as a metabolic sensor involved in the control of peripheral insulin sensitivity and that its overactivation contributes to the genesis of metabolic disturbances, herein we tested if diet-induced insulin resistance is associated with morphological alterations in the proportion of type I and type II cells in the CB. Diet induced insulin resistant model (HFHSu) was obtained by submitting Wistar rats to 14 weeks of 60% lipid-rich diet and 35% of sucrose in drinking water. The HFHSu group was compared with an aged-matched control group. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were measured in conscious animals before diet administration and 14 weeks after the diet protocol. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and nestin were assessed by immunohistochemistry to identify type I and type II cells, respectively. TH expression was also quantified by Western blot. As expected, 14 weeks of HFHSu diet induced a decrease in insulin sensitivity as well as in glucose tolerance. HFHsu diet increased the number of TH-positive type I cells by 192% and decreased nestin-postive type 2 cells by 74%. This increase in type II cells observed by immunohistochemistry correlates with an increase by 107% in TH expression quantified by Western blot. These results suggest that changes in CB morphology are associated with metabolic disturbances invoked by administration of a hypercaloric diet.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Dos Santos E,Sacramento JF,Melo BF,Conde SVdoi
10.1007/978-3-319-91137-3_13subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
103-108eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
1071pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Virtual imaging, image manipulation and morphometric methods are increasingly used in medicine and the natural sciences. Virtual imaging hardware and image manipulation software allows us to readily visualise, explore, alter, repair and study digital objects. This suite of equipment and tools combined with statistical...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-24281-7_6
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The etiology of motor neuron disease (MND) is unknown and treatment is limited to measures which sustain the patient. We review selected epidemiologic studies searching for a pattern in the clinical expression of MND which may reflect the operation of the underlying cause. Recognition of patterns of occurrence of MND ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5302-7_49
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The solar ultraviolet-B (UVB)/vitamin D/cancer hypothesis was proposed by the brothers Cedric and Frank Garland in 1980. In 2002, the list was increased to 15 types of cancer using data in the 1999 version of the atlas of cancer mortality rates in the United States. Ecological studies of cancer incidence and/or mortal...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-0437-2_4
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zebrafish are increasingly being used to study cancer. Almost all tumor types have been found in zebrafish. However, tumor incidence is relatively low and tumors develop late in life. Functional inactivation of tumor suppressors is a crucial step in cancer progression and more and more tumor suppressor genes are being...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-30654-4_4
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the proteins in all the current major classes considered to be druggable are folded in their native states, intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are becoming attractive candidates for therapeutic intervention by small drug-like molecules. IDPs are challenging targets because they exist as ensembles of str...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-20164-1_13
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five human leukocyte long-term suspension cultures were investigated by means of cytochemical and cytogenetic methods. A striking resemblance in the morphology of these cells originating either from peripheral blood or from spleen of patients with or without hematological disorders was found. Lymphocytic origin of all...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0731-1_15
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A20 is most characteristically described in terms relating to inflammation and inflammatory pathologies. The emerging understanding of inflammation in the etiology of diabetes mellitus lays the framework for considering a central role for A20 in this disease process. Diabetes mellitus is considered a major health issu...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-0398-6_9
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HSP-1/2 and PDC-109 belong to a family of fibronectin type II proteins, present in high concentrations in bovine and equine seminal plasma, respectively. These proteins act as extracellular small heat shock proteins and protect target/client proteins against various kinds of stress. They also exhibit characteristic bi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-3065-0_5
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possible molecular conformations of four structurally and biologically different lipoxins derivatives were predicted by a systematic structure tree theoretical analysis. This method takes into account the London-Van der Waals energy of interaction, the electrostatic interaction, the rotation energy of the torsiona...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0937-7_8
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter is an overview of published observations from our laboratory on the psychophysics and neurobiology of the persistent itch and pain of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). ACD is a clinically significant problem with many features characteristic of other pruritic disorders. Our approach was to produce ACD ex...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-94-017-7537-3_2
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Olive oil is a key ingredient in the Mediterranean diet and offers many health benefits. However, many factors affect the quality and quantity of olive oil such as olive tree diseases and olive-related pests. Unfortunately, the procedure of identifying pests or the outbreak of a disease is time-consuming, and it depen...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-32622-7_22
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Small angle scattering (SAS) is a powerful and versatile tool to elucidate the structure of matter at the nanometer scale. Recently, the technique has seen a tremendous growth of applications in the field of structural molecular biology. Its origins however date back to almost a century ago and even though the methods...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-6038-0_1
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acidification of endocytic compartments occurs within 2-3 minutes following internalization. In CHO cells, three kinetically and morphologically distinct endocytic or recycling compartments can be identified. Measurements of the pH in these compartments show that the acidity of the compartments is regulated independen...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5442-0_16
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although a time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy (TRS) system is difficult to make a measurement into 10 s or less at the moment, the system has a great advantage that it measures absolute values of hemoglobin concentrations. In the present study, using a device equipped with a TRS system, we examined individual di...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-1241-1_36
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relation of transcutaneous pO2 (tcpO2) and cutaneous blood flow (CBF) was measured on the forearm of 19 healthy volunteers by use of a tcpO2 electrode heated to 45 degrees C. CBF was estimated indirectly from the heating power of the electrode (HP) and with a 8 MHz bidirectional ultrasonic probe by Doppler shift i...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-1927-6_48
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RHO (Rod opsin) encodes a G-protein coupled receptor that is expressed exclusively by rod photoreceptors of the retina and forms the essential photopigment, rhodopsin, when coupled with 11-cis-retinal. Many rod opsin disease -mutations cause rod opsin protein misfolding and trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, l...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_25
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type 1 diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Changes in the myocardial capillary network were examined using the double-staining enzymatic method for alkaline phosphatase (AP) and dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPPIV) This method allows the identification of the arteriolar (AP-containing) ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-85998-9_29
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of ∼22nt non-coding RNAs that regulate the translational potential and stability of mRNAs. Though constituting only 1-4% of human genes, miRNAs are predicted to regulate more than 60% of all mRNAs. The action of miRNAs is mediated through their associations with Argonaute proteins and mR...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-5107-5_10
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) determine the substrate specificity of ubiquitination reactions, and substrates are recruited to the cullin core through binding to their cognate substrate receptor modules. Because a family of substrate receptors compete for the same cullin core, the assembly and activity of CRLs ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-15-1025-0_3
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Juvenile bullfrogs previously identified as highly sensitive to acute nicotine, demonstrated normal neuroventilation following 3 wk of chronic nicotine exposure. Acute bath application of 1 microM galantamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, significantly attenuated both bullfrog normocapnic neuroventilation and re...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-5692-7_21
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultured human fibroblasts accumulated methotrexate polyglutamates to levels far in excess of the dihydrofolate reductase binding capacity. After four days in methotrexate-free medium the intracellular drug level dropped by 70% but nearly 80% of the remaining methotrexate was in the form of polyglutamates. Reduced fol...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-5241-0_21
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell-cell communication is crucial to maintain homeostasis in multicellular organism. Cells communicate each other by direct contact or by releasing factors that, soluble or packaged in membrane vesicles, can reach different regions of the organism. To date numerous studies highlighted the existence of several types o...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-4397-0_2
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), a novel family of proton-gated amiloride-sensitive cation channels, are expressed primarily in neurons of peripheral sensory and central nervous systems. Recent studies have shown that activation of ASICs, particularly the ASIC1a channels, plays a critical role in neuronal injury ass...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-4756-6_36
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regeneration of injured CNS neurons was once thought to be an unachievable goal. Most patients with significant damage to the spinal cord suffer from permanently impaired neurological function. A century of research, however, has led to an understanding of multiple factors that limit CNS regeneration and from this kno...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-4090-1_1
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TRPCs have been demonstrated to be widely expressed in different cancers. In recent years, a number of studies closely investigated the roles of TRPCs in cancer cells. Most of the results show that both mRNA and protein levels of TRPCs significantly increase in cancer tissues compared with healthy controls. TRPCs regu...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-024-1088-4_13
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteomics is a mass spectrometry-based discipline that aims to analyze proteomes and their functions. Many proteomic studies require well-developed protein databases for reference. However, most proteomes are not well-annotated, aside from model organisms. Techniques like six-frame translation, ab initio gene predict...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-15950-4_22
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photoreceptor death by apoptosis is the central pathology of most forms of retinal degeneration. Mitochondria play key roles in apoptosis, releasing both signals which induce apoptosis (cytochrome c, caspases) and signals which inhibit apoptosis (Bcl-2). Because mitochondria are the site of oxidative metabolism they a...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-0067-4_30
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At this point, it may be worthwhile to list, in summary form, the important aspects of divalent cation and nucleotide binding to actin that have been reviewed here: 1) High affinity divalent cation binding to actin is very tight, with equilibrium dissociation constant KCa approximately 1 nM and KMg approximately 5 nM ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2578-3_4
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunotherapy entails the treatment of disease by modulation of the immune system. As detailed in the previous chapters, the different modes of achieving immune modulation are many, including the use of small/large molecules, cellular therapy, and radiation. Oncolytic viruses that can specifically attack, replicate wi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-017-7555-7_5
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last few decades, Drosophila cancer models have made great contributions to our understanding toward fundamental cancer processes. Particularly, the development of genetic mosaic technique in Drosophila has enabled us to recapitulate basic aspects of human cancers, including clonal evolution, tumor microenvir...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-0529-0_10
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
