Abstract：
:Virtual imaging, image manipulation and morphometric methods are increasingly used in medicine and the natural sciences. Virtual imaging hardware and image manipulation software allows us to readily visualise, explore, alter, repair and study digital objects. This suite of equipment and tools combined with statistical tools for the study of form variation and covariation using Procrustes based analyses of landmark coordinates, geometric morphometrics, makes possible a wide range of studies of human variation pertinent to biomedicine. These tools for imaging, quantifying and analysing form have already led to new insights into organismal growth, development and evolution and offer exciting prospects in future biomedical applications. This chapter presents a review of commonly used methods for digital acquisition, extraction and landmarking of anatomical structures and of the common geometric morphometric statistical methods applied to investigate them: generalised Procrustes analysis to derive shape variables, principal component analysis to examine patterns of variation, multivariate regression to examine how form is influenced by meaningful factors and partial least squares analysis to examine associations among structures or between these and other interesting variables. An example study of human facial and maxillary sinus ontogeny illustrates these approaches.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Landi F,O'Higgins Pdoi
10.1007/978-3-030-24281-7_6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
55-71eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
1171pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Studies on the gonadotrophin-responsive adenylyl cyclase (AC) system of rabbit and porcine ovarian follicles reveal that hCG or LH-induced desensitization of the AC system can be divided into two phases: an initial, LH-specific phase and a second phase which is not specific for LH. The first phase occurs within the fi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-3474-3_3
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complexity of modern biological database management systems indicates the need of integrated metadata repositories for harmonized and high-quality assured data processing. Such systems should allow for the derivation of specific producer-oriented indicators monitoring the quality of the final datasets and statisti...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-5913-3_11
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anthropogenic sounds come in different forms, varying not only in amplitude and frequency spectrum but also in temporal structure. Although fish are sensitive to the temporal characteristics of sound, little is known about how their behavior is affected by anthropogenic sounds of different temporal patterns. We invest...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_93
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using bioconjugated dye-doped silica nanoparticles (NPs), we have developed a bioassay for the accurate determination of a single bacterial cell within 20 minutes without any signal amplification or sample enrichment. The antibody-conjugated NPs can specifically and quantitatively detect bacteria, such as Escherichia ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-76713-0_10
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The medium from cultured optic tectum of the goldfish intact or at various days after optic nerve crush, or the co-culture of this optic tectum with post-crush goldfish retinal explants plating in the absence of fetal calf serum, but in the presence of glucose, modulate its outgrowth. The a dition of taurine did not f...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-33504-9_49
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a direct correlation between the level of GBS beta-hemolysin expression and the ability of GBS to injury lung epithelial cells. Electron microscopy suggest the hemolysin acts as a pore-forming cytolysin. beta-hemolysin-associated lung epithelial cell injury is inhibited by surfactant phospholipid, a substance...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-1825-3_146
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is common yet difficult to manage in the hemodialysis patients population. This chapter discusses various aspects of this problem including its prevalence, distinctive pathophysiology, methods of diagnosis and pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment approaches. The topic is relevant to any healt...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2016_88
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development and validation of scientific alternatives to animal testing is important not only from an ethical perspective (implementation of 3Rs), but also to improve safety assessment decision making with the use of mechanistic information of higher relevance to humans. To be effective in these efforts, it is how...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-33826-2_14
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex disease with both environmental and genetic factors influencing disease risk. Genome-wide case-control association studies, candidate gene analyses, and epidemiological studies reinforced the notion that AMD is predominantly a disease of an impaired complement system...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-75402-4_30
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monocytes/macrophages are highly involved in the process of renal injury, repair and fibrosis in many aspects of experimental and human renal diseases. Monocyte-derived macrophages, characterized by high heterogeneity and plasticity, are recruited, activated, and polarized in the whole process of renal fibrotic diseas...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_13
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although many studies have described the role of periostin in various diseases, the functions of periostin derived from alternative splicing and proteinase cleavage at its C-terminus remain unknown. Further experiments investigating the periostin structures that are relevant to diseases are essential for an in-depth u...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-6657-4_2
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the oxygen (O2) cascade downstream steps can never achieve higher flows of O2 than the preceding ones. At the lung the transfer of O2 is determined by the O2 gradient between the alveolar space and the lung capillaries and the O2 diffusing capacity (DLO2). While DLO2 may be increased several times during exercise b...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-7678-9_26
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied hepatic mitochondria to determine the effects of ethanol in vitro and of chronic ethanol consumption on the temperature dependence (10 degrees-45 degrees C) of a) substrate oxidation, and b) ATP hydrolysis, with or without CCCP. Arrhenius plots showed the characteristic breaks around 20 degrees C both for e...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-1419-7_34
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a review that considers the regulation of ovarian function by the ovarian renin-angiotensin system. Evidence is presented that shows the ovarian renin-angiotensin system can regulate normal ovarian function by paracrine and intracrine mechanisms. In addition, the complexity that is inherent in the renin-ang...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gonadal and adrenal hormone levels appear to be linked to the stressors experienced by young adolescents. Adjustment problems were accompanied by a profile of lower gonadal steroids and higher adrenal androgen levels, primarily androstenedione. Later gonadal maturation may be a result of stress suppressing the reprodu...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-2064-5_27
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Case reports are defined as the scientific documentation of a single clinical observation and have a time-honored and rich tradition in medicine and scientific publication. Case reports represent a relevant, timely, and important study design in advancing medical scientific knowledge especially of rare diseases. While...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-90-481-9485-8_5
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We infused endotoxin into anesthetized dogs while maintaining cardiac output. Whole body O2 uptake and arterial lactate concentration were measured at the same time with regional O2 uptake and lactate fluxes in muscle and gut. Even though whole body O2 uptake increased, so did arterial lactate levels. The different be...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-3404-4_45
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a deadly and increasingly prevalent vascular disease characterized by excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular dysfunction which leads to right heart failure, multiorgan dysfunction, and premature death. The cause of the vascular remodeling in PH remains elusive, and...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_24
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe kyphoscoliosis can cause chronic respiratory failure. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) is a new optional treatment for such patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of average volume-assured pressure support (AVAPS) NIMV in patients with kyphoscoliotic chronic respiratory failu...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2014_68
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, the studies reviewed here have indicated which neural functions might be directly influenced by the nucleus basalis. Basalis neurons do not appear to be directly involved in trial-specific memory because, in memory tasks, they have non-differential responses that do not correspond to the information being ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0145-6_12
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have changed the landscape of cancer therapy. With advances in the understanding of tumour biology and its microenvironment, different categories of mAbs have been developed; a first category is directed against tumour cells themselves, a second one comprises antibodies blocking...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-50224-9_9
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurodegenerative diseases comprise an important group ofchronic diseases that increase in incidence with rising age. In particular, the two most common neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, both of which will be discussed below. A third, Huntington's disease, occurs infrequently,...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-5819-8_10
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the cardiovascular and hematopoietic systems the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel has a well-recognized role in a number of signaling mechanisms that impact the function of diverse cells and tissues in physiology and disease. The latter includes, but is not limited to, molecular and cellular...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_9
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The subunit structure of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) and its associated compartmentalization of function confer enormous flexibility for generating signals and directing these toward specific and divergent cell fate decisions. Like all the multichain immune recognition receptors discussed in this volume, assembl...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-09789-3_2
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly important cause of chronic liver disease globally. Similar to metabolic syndrome and obesity, NAFLD is associated with alternations in the gut microbiota and its related biological pathways. While the exact pathophysiology of NAFLD remains largely unknown, c...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-8684-7_9
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sea urchin fertilization envelope (FE) is formed following initial sperm-egg interaction from the egg surface vitelline envelope (VE) and the paracrystalline protein fraction (PCF), derived from cortical granules. Although mature FEs are physicochemically hardened postinsemination, a major protein fraction consist...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-2255-9_16
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since many aspects of schizophrenia are also manifested at the peripheral level in proliferating cell types, this chapter describes the analysis of skin fibroblasts biopsied from living patients. The method focuses on cell culture and sample preparation for characterization of the model. The resulting cell extracts ca...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-52479-5_29
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food allergy is a common condition in children and adolescent, remitting with time. Few clinical studies have emphasized the link between food allergies and psychosocial conditions, suggesting a profound impact of atopic diseases on the development of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The ob...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2018_196
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The P300 event-related potential (ERP) is associated with attention and memory operations of the brain. P300 is changed in many cognitive disorders such as dementia, Alzheimer, schizophrenia, and major depression disorder. Therefore, investigation on basis of this component can help to improve our understanding of pat...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-7046-6_60
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, an overview of the host's innate immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis will be provided. In particular, M. tuberculosis interaction with Toll-like receptors (TLRs), lung surfactant proteins and the antimicrobial mechanisms in the macrophage will be discussed along with their importance in ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-0901-5_13
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
