Abstract：
:The metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde in the liver proceeds via alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MOS), whereas catalase plays no significant role. ADH is an enzyme of the cytosol, requires NAD+ as cofactor and exhibits a pH optimum in the alkaline range. The Km of ADH is about 2 mM for ethanol (equivalent to 0.1%). Thus, the enzyme is already saturated at low ethanol concentrations. Conversely, MEOS resides in the endoplasmic reticulum, requires NADPH and O2, is inhibited by CO and exhibits a km of about 10 mM corresponding to 0.5% ethanol. This enzyme system is therefore primarily the pathway of ethanol metabolism at intermediate to high ethanol concentrations. MEOS has many properties in common with other drug metabolizing enzymes and is characterized by inducibility following chronic ethanol consumption, which suggests the involvement of the microsomal system in the adaptive enhancement of ethanol clearance commonly observed in alcoholics. The product of ethanol oxidation by ADH, MEOS and catalase is acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is oxidized in the liver to acetate by NAD dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase. Four isozymes have been identified. Lack of isozyme I is responsible for the "flush-syndrome" commonly observed in asian people following alcohol intake. Ethanol metabolism is affected by the aging process and is decreased with advancing age.
journal_name
Z Gastroenteroljournal_title
Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologieauthors
Gellert J,Teschke Rsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-10-01 00:00:00pages
22-7eissn
0044-2771issn
1439-7803journal_volume
26 Suppl 3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In 9 cases of choledocholithiasis and 2 cases of endoscopically determined stenosis of the papilla in which an EPT could not be successfully performed it was possible to carry out a prepapillary choledochoduodenal fistula by means of endoscopy. Subsequently the fistula was split in the cranial direction using a papill...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the opinions of referring physicians on the contents of endoscopy reports, 150 consecutive endoscopy reports were accompanied by a questionnaire. Of these, 102 reports were returned: response was 68%. Almost half of the reports were considered not fully satisfactory. However, endoscopy reports may be improve...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) that extend into the vena cava and the right atrium have a poor prognosis. Surgical approaches including partial hepatectomy and thrombectomy are the most frequently reported treatment options. However, most patients with advanced HCC are not eligible for complex surgical interventions ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/a-0855-4469
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dissolving basic peptides such as insulin, secretin, and somatostatin in albumin-containing solutions increases the biologic potency. As CCK-33 also constitutes a basic peptide, it should have similar qualities. In four conscious dogs with chronic gastric and pancreatic Thomas fistulas, we studied the effect of CCK-33...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The major target antigen of LKM-1 autoantibodies in chronic active hepatitis is cytochrome P450 IID6. The role of LKM-1 autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of the disease is not clear. A crucial point is the expression of the target epitope on the hepatocyte membrane. Cultured rat hepatocytes were used in this study. T...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Contrast harmonic imaging significantly increases the detectability of liver lesions which are invisible on conventional B-mode sonography. With the introduction of contrast agents, which can be visualized at low mechanical index (low-MI), continuous real time observation of liver lesions under cont...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-812712
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a 63-year-old cirrhotic patient, recanalisation of a partial portal vein thrombosis was achieved by a low dose of rivaroxaban (10 mg daily). After anticoagulant therapy was stopped, partial vein thrombosis recurred. Restarting rivaroxaban at a dose of 10 mg led to recanalisation. The patient did not suffer any comp...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0034-1385171
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The amino acid consumption test (AACT) during exogenous stimulation with secretin and CCK was proposed as a sensitive and highly specific test for detection of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. To further investigate the diagnostic value of this test we measured the AACT in comparison with the pancreolauryl serum tes...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied intestinal zinc absorption and daily urinary zinc excretion in 13 healthy controls and 27 cirrhotic patients (14 alcoholics, 13 non-alcoholics) with normal serum creatinine levels. Intestinal zinc absorption was determined by the oral zinc tolerance test. Serum levels were significantly lower in cirrhotics,...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a nine-year period, 46 patients with early gastric cancer were diagnosed and operated at a county hospital. Fiberscopy of the stomach raised the percentage of early gastric cancer from 1% in a five year pre-endoscopic period to 11.9% with endoscopy. On an average, subjects with early gastric cancer were 8 years you...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:131 patients operated on for gastric ulcer according to Gillroth II were investigated with gastroscopy and biopsy. The histology of the gastric mucosa was correlated with the time elapsed since resection. In most cases gastritis shows no difference between anastomosis and stump. In up to 12% gastritis in the stump was...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of oxaliplatin combined with high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) as an outpatient salvage treatment for patients with metastasized colorectal cancer was retrospectively analyzed in one center. Tumor progression had occurred for the majority of patients during two regimens (n = 11) otherw...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2000-14853
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are three major goals in the prophylaxis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in portal hypertensive patients: prophylaxis of the first bleeding episode, therapy of active bleeding and prophylaxis of recurrent bleeding. Several therapeutic options are available: non-selective beta-blockers are the tr...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2004-813909
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful application of non operative procedures for gallstone therapy are limited on cholesterol stones. Therefore reliable therapeutic analysis of stone components is mandatory for planning of an adequate therapy. Computed tomographic gallstone analysis is considered to improve selection of patients significantly....
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The oesophagus, stomach and pancreas are primary target organs for ethanol-related diseases. In the oesophagus and stomach, ethanol induces motility disorders and mucosal lesions that are dose-dependent and reversible under acute conditions. Chronic consumption of alcohol causes a significant increase in the risk for ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2005-858257
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on a 43-year-old patient presenting to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain the source of which turned out to be acute hemorrhagic jejunal infarction due to portal and mesenteric vein occlusion with no apparent cause. In spite of a lacking history of hereditary thrombophilic risk factors, furth...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-963528
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Cost diaries administered by patients have been used as a method to measure costs for different diseases. Our aim was to test the application of a patient cost diary in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to measure disease specific resource utilization and costs. PATIENTS AND METHODS:A specif...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2002-25153
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Clinical trials and health services research are crucial pillars for improving patient care. This paper examines factors inhibiting and promoting the study activity and the knowledge and use of trial registries (e. g. DRKS, StudyBox) as an opportunity to learn about existing studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS:...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0041-111633
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This short overview sketches the state of Gastroenterology in the GDR (1975 - 1990) from the point of view of an East-German contemporary witness. The "Society for Gastroenterology/GDR" (GfG) has played a decisive role for the development of the Gastroenterology in the GDR. The society promoted medical education and c...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0034-1366472
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gallstone disease is more common in the elderly. In this short review, we summarize guideline-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary diseases in elderly patients. Warning episodes of biliary colic represent a general indication for cholecystectomy to avoid stone-related complications. Elderly...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-0034-1366158
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolism of antipyrine to each of its three major metabolites 4-hydroxy-, 3-methylhydroxy- and norantipyrine has previously been demonstrated to be differentially affected in alcoholic cirrhosis. This study compared the metabolism of antipyrine to its metabolites in 30 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis to 15 pat...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article gives an overview on possible new pharmacological tools to modify gastrointestinal motility and/or secretion. The characterization of new subclasses of classical neurotransmitter receptors and of peptidergic receptors offer a new approach for the development of new therapeutic agents. Using molecular biol...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gene structure of human cholecystokinin (CCK) is known and the cDNA structures are known for pig and rat. However, the molecular forms of CCK produced, stored and released from neural or endocrine cells cannot be predicted from the known structures of preprocholecystokinin derived from cDNA. It is well recognized ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, H. pylori has been associated with several extradigestive diseases such as cardio-vascular, cutaneous, autoimmune, allergic, liver, hematologic disorders, diabetes mellitus, pediatric diseases (sudden infant death syndrome, growth retardation), extragastric MALT-type lymphomas and even colorectal cancer. The...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2001-12872
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reference values for B-mode abdominal ultrasound are controversially discussed in the literature mainly due to the lack of data and non-standardized examination techniques. A cohort of 100 patients was prospectively examined. Patients with hepatobiliary diseases including gallstones, acute or chronic pancreatitis (n =...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0033-1335175
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) that cannot be established applying traditional endoscopic methods represents 5 % of all gastrointestinal bleedings. Earlier, in cases of recurrent, overt bleedings the surgeons had to perform a laparotomy "blind" without diagnosis. The aim of our retrospective study ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1027983
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on a 56-year-old caucasian female, 154 cm, 38 kg, who was admitted to the hospital in extremely poor, cachectic condition with pretibial edemas, ascites and pleural effusion with a history of severe watery diarrhea up to 15 times daily. The patient's history with permanent meteorism, recurrent episodes of wa...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In general, the rare SPT is a tumour of low malignancy predominantly affecting young women. The outcome after radical resection is favourable. In exceptional cases the tumour presents as solid pseudopapillary carcinoma (SPC) with typical malignant features and even metastases. Unresectable liver metastases c...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1027318
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The introduction of the S3 guideline on "Sedation in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy" in 2008 led to substantial organisational, structural, staffing-related, financial, and legal changes in the everyday work of departments of gastrointestinal endoscopy. This study examines the economic effects of this and the ch...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0032-1313080
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma secretin and pancreatic polypeptide has been measured in 10 normal volunteers before and after intraduodenal acidification. Secretin rose rapidly from 1,4 +/- 0,44 to 11,2 +/- 1,24 pmol/l (+/- SEM). PP also rose significantly from 39,0 +/- 3,0 to 52.3 +/- 5,8 pmol (paired p less than 0.01) but much slower and t...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
