Combined use of vitamin E and nimodipine ameliorates dibutyl phthalate-induced memory deficit and apoptosis in mice by inhibiting the ERK 1/2 pathway.

abstract：:Although carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is of concern as a drinking water contaminant, it has been necessary in most oral toxicity studies to give CCl4 in an oil vehicle due to its limited water solubility. The primary objective of our study was to assess the influence of dosing vehicles on the acute hepatotoxicity of CC...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kim HJ,Odend'hal S,Bruckner JV

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of 1-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-butene (CHB), a known in vitro metabolite of the human carcinogen 1,3-butadiene, have not previously been investigated. Because CHB can be bioactivated by alcohol dehydrogenases to yield 1-chloro-3-buten-2-one (CBO), a bifunctional alkylating age...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Liu XJ,Zeng FM,An J,Yu YX,Zhang XY,Elfarra AA

更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiolabeled 1-naphthyl-beta-D-glucuronide and 1-naphthyl-beta-D-glucoside were synthesized from 1-[14C]naphthol. The fate of the three compounds in male mice was studied. After a po dose of 45 mg/kg of 1-naphthol, 100 mg/kg of 1-naphthyl glucuronide, and 100 mg/kg of 1-naphthyl glucoside, 95, 93, and 81%, respectivel...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chern WH,Dauterman WC

更新日期：1983-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To characterize modes of action of substances and their cytotoxic effects Bionas GmbH has developed a new screening system to allow the continuous recording of how an active substance can act (Bionas 2500 analyzing system). In the pharmaceutical industry it is important to acquire as much information as possible about...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Thedinga E,Kob A,Holst H,Keuer A,Drechsler S,Niendorf R,Baumann W,Freund I,Lehmann M,Ehret R

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Information presented at this symposium indicates that modulation of Th cell responses is one means by which xenobiotics may cause immunotoxicity. A shift from Th1 to Th2 responses can enhance both infectious and allergic disease. Hence, in some cases, a common mechanism may be responsible for effects that are general...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Selgrade MK,Lawrence DA,Ullrich SE,Gilmour MI,Schuyler MR,Kimber I

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amphetamine has been shown previously to increase levels of the inducible 70-kDa heat shock protein (hsp70i) in mouse liver. In the present study, the hepatic concentrations of a variety of hsps in livers of mice pretreated with amphetamine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) were evaluated, and the time course of hsp induction was exam...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Salminen WF Jr,Voellmy R,Roberts SM

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 2009 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference (TRAC) session on "Advances in Exposure and Toxicity Assessment of Particulate Matter" was held in April 2009 in West Chester, OH. The goal of this session was to bring together toxicology, geology and risk assessment experts from the Department of Defense and academi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gunasekar PG,Stanek LW

更新日期：2011-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Occupational exposure to nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As) containing compounds has been associated with lung cancer and other adverse health effects. Their carcinogenic properties may be attributable in part, to activation and/or repression of gene expression induced by changes in the DNA methylation statu...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhou X,Li Q,Arita A,Sun H,Costa M

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gold compounds are used clinically in rheumatoid arthritis therapy. Acute renal toxicity is observed in some patients receiving chrysotherapy. The present study addresses morphofunctional and biochemical changes in rat kidneys during the first 8 days following a single ip injection of gold sodium thiomalate (AuTM), on...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Eiseman JL,Ribas JL,Knight E,Alvares AP

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by combined pathology of steatosis, lobular inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocellular degeneration, with systemic symptoms of diabetes or hyperlipidemia, all in the absence of alcohol abuse. Given the therapeutic importance and conflicting findings regarding the po...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Takeuchi-Yorimoto A,Noto T,Yamada A,Miyamae Y,Oishi Y,Matsumoto M

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on ion channels has been widely studied in several cell models, but less is known about their modulatory mechanisms. In this report, the effect of mefenamic acid on voltage-activated transient outward K(+) current (I(A)) in cultured rat cerebellar granule ce...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhang M,Shi WJ,Fei XW,Liu YR,Zeng XM,Mei YA

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters play unique trophic roles in brain development. Accordingly, drugs and environmental toxicants that promote or interfere with neurotransmitter function evoke neurodevelopmental abnormalities by disrupting the timing or intensity of neurotrophic actions. The current review disc...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Slotkin TA

更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The disposition and metabolism of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) was investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in order to better understand the metabolic and physiological factors that modulate the fate of this extremely toxic compound in rainbow trout compared to other species. The fish were dosed ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Steward AR,Maslanka R,Pangrekar J,Kumar S,Sikka HC

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CAsE-PE cells are an arsenic-transformed, human prostate epithelial line containing oncogenic mutations in KRAS compared to immortalized, normal KRAS parent cells, RWPE-1. We previously reported increased copy number of mutated KRAS in CAsE-PE cells, suggesting gene amplification. Here, KRAS flanking genomic and trans...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Merrick BA,Phadke DP,Bostrom MA,Shah RR,Wright GM,Wang X,Gordon O,Pelch KE,Auerbach SS,Paules RS,DeVito MJ,Waalkes MP,Tokar EJ

更新日期：2020-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The prediction and understanding of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (APAP-ILI) and the response to therapeutic interventions is complex. This is due in part to sensitivity and specificity limitations of currently used assessment techniques. Here we sought to determine the utility of integrating translational...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Brillant N,Elmasry M,Burton NC,Rodriguez JM,Sharkey JW,Fenwick S,Poptani H,Kitteringham NR,Goldring CE,Kipar A,Park BK,Antoine DJ

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nephrotoxicity limits the clinical application of cisplatin. Human organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (MATEs) work in concert in the elimination of cationic drugs such as cisplatin from the kidney. We hypothesized that co-administration of ondansetron would have an effec...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Li Q,Guo D,Dong Z,Zhang W,Zhang L,Huang SM,Polli JE,Shu Y

更新日期：2013-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Data taken from Aberg et al. ((1969) Arch. Environ. Health 19, 478-484) and Miettinen et al. ((1971) Ann. Clin. Res. 3, 116-122) were analyzed by means of models that describe methyl mercury pharmacokinetics in man in terms of parent compound only (Model I) or in terms of parent compound plus metabolite, inorganic mer...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Smith JC,Farris FF

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decreased daily sperm production (DSP) and cauda epididymal sperm number (CESN) are some of the most sensitive effects of in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure. The reduction in CESN cannot be fully accounted for by decreased spermatogenesis. To explain the decrease in CESN it wa...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sommer RJ,Ippolito DL,Peterson RE

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor which plays a role in the development of multiple tissues and is activated by a large number of ligands, including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). In order to examine the roles of the AHR in both normal biological development an...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Harrill JA,Hukkanen RR,Lawson M,Martin G,Gilger B,Soldatow V,Lecluyse EL,Budinsky RA,Rowlands JC,Thomas RS

更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a compartmental pharmacokinetic model for methyl mercury and its metabolite mercuric mercury in humans. A tracer dose of 203Hg-labeled methyl mercury was administered iv to seven healthy young adult male volunteers. Blood samples were obtained periodically and urine and feces were collected throughout the ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Smith JC,Allen PV,Turner MD,Most B,Fisher HL,Hall LL

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular retention of toxic bile salts contributes to hepatocellular injury during cholestasis. We have recently demonstrated that toxic bile salts directly induce apoptosis in hepatocytes. As oxidative stress has been implicated in many models of apoptosis, our aim was to determine if oxidative injury is a criti...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Patel T,Gores GJ

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been known for many years that administration of androgens or estrogens at critical periods of development in mammals causes severe long-term effects on the endocrine/genital systems. The environmental pollutant p-tert-octylphenol (OP) possesses a weak but clear estrogen agonist activity in in vitro and in vivo...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Katsuda S,Yoshida M,Watanabe G,Taya K,Maekawa A

更新日期：2000-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Historical studies report that cellular injury and silicosis are related to cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+). Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been linked to cellular injury. However, the detail mechanism of the increase in [Ca2+]i and the relationship between [Ca2+]i and ROS production remains unknown. Quart...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Tian F,Zhu T,Shang Y

更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) activate neutrophils to induce degranulation and undergo superoxide production through a mechanism that involves stimulation of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)). Since the biochemical processes leading to the PCB-induced activation of this enzyme are unknown, the objective of this study was...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Olivero J,Ganey PE

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are highly invasive and have a higher rate of distant metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays a crucial role in EGF/EGFR-mediated malignant progression and metastasis of TNBCs. Various studies have revealed that treatment with gallic acid down-regulates MMP-9 express...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chen YJ,Lee YC,Huang CH,Chang LS

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As an edible traditional Chinese herb, Fructus psoraleae (FP) has been widely used in Asia for the treatment of vitiligo, bone fracture and osteoporosis. Several cases on markedly elevated bilirubin and acute liver injury following administration of FP and its related proprietary medicine have been reported, but the m...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wang XX,Lv X,Li SY,Hou J,Ning J,Wang JY,Cao YF,Ge GB,Guo B,Yang L

更新日期：2015-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetrandrine, an herbal drug, has been employed in China to treat pulmonary fibrosis. To date, the mechanisms governing the antifibrotic action of tetrandrine are unknown. The present study employs a fibroblast mitogenic assay to determine whether tetrandrine directly inhibits the ability of fibroblasts to respond to s...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Reist RH,Dey RD,Durham JP,Rojanasakul Y,Castranova V

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) induces hepatic porphyria and liver cancer in female rats, whereas toxicity is minimal in male rats. HCB is biotransformed to sulfur-containing metabolites originating from conjugation to glutathione (GSH). This study aimed to assess differences in GSH conjugation of HCB between male and female...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： D'Amour M,Charbonneau M

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Montelukast (MK),a cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT1) receptor antagonist, latterly exhibited a remarkable neuroprotective activity in various neurodegenerative disorders. This study aims to elucidate the neuroprotective effect of MK in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease(PD) model in rats. Ninety six male rats were spli...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mansour RM,Ahmed MAE,El-Sahar AE,El Sayed NS

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zidovudine (ZDV) is a thymidine analogue activated to its triphosphate (ZDVTP) by the host's intracellular enzymes. The initial phosphorylation step is conversion to ZDV monophosphate (ZDVMP). The poor affinity of ZDVMP for thymidylate kinase results in intracellular accumulation of ZDVMP. Clinical use of ZDV is assoc...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sales SD,Hoggard PG,Sunderland D,Khoo S,Hart CA,Back DJ

更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00