Abstract:
:Introduction: Autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation remains a promising therapy in certain malignant and non-malignant conditions. The procedure, however, will increase the risk of complications, most notably early and late infections. Aim: To analyze the frequency and spectrum of pathogens in early (<+100 days) post-transplant infections and to evaluate risk factors for mortality. Method: Prospectively collected data from 699 patients undergoing autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation between 2007 and 2014 at our center were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results: The median age of 699 patients was 56 (interquartile range: 43-62) years, 54% (376) were male. 25 patients have been transferred to other centers and 19 patients were lost to follow up. Neutropenic fever occurred in 69.8% (488) of patients. In addition, 102 infectious episodes in 96 patients were identified. Most commonly bacteremia occurred (49 episodes) with a median onset of 7 (5-11) days. The majority (33/49) of bacteremias have been observed during the pre-engraftment period. Their incidence proved to be higher in patients with malignant lymphoma compared to individuals with plasma cell disorders (p = 0.0005, OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.49-3.99). 12 episodes of viral infections and 8 cases of proven or probable invasive mycoses have been identified. Among the 655 patients with complete follow up, 16 in-hospital deaths (2.4%) occurred, 8 of them were associated with infections. Survival was adversely affected by early infections (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: In autologous stem cell transplantation, microbiologically unconfirmed neutropenic fever is common. Documented early bacteremia, however, is infrequent. Lymphoma patients have a significantly higher chance to develop bloodstream infections compared to individuals with plasma cell disorders. Early infections decrease the chance of survival; thus, an effective prophylaxis and therapy remains of paramount importance. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(3): 103-109. :Absztrakt: Bevezetés: Az autológ haemopoeticus őssejtek transzplantációja ígéretes kezelési lehetőség egyes malignus és nem malignus betegségek körében. A beavatkozás ugyanakkor szövődményekkel járhat, ezek közül kiemelkedő fontosságúak a korai, illetve késői poszttranszplantációs szakban fellépő infekciók. Célkitűzés: A korai (<+100 nap) poszttranszplantációs infekciók gyakoriságának és kórokozóinak vizsgálata, továbbá a halálozás rizikótényezőinek meghatározása. Módszer: A 2007 és 2014 között intézetünkben autológ haemopoeticus őssejtek transzplantációjával kezelt 699 beteg prospektíven gyűjtött adatait retrospektív módon vizsgáltuk és dolgoztuk fel. Eredmények: A 699 beteg medián életkora 56 (interkvartilis tartomány: 43–62) év, 54%-uk (376 fő) férfi. 25 pácienst más centrumba irányítottak vissza további gondozásra, 19 beteg utánkövetése pedig megszakadt. A betegek 69,8%-ában (488 fő) fordult elő neutropeniás láz. 96 betegben (13,7%) összesen 102 infekciós epizódot azonosítottunk. A leggyakrabban – összesen 49 epizódban – bacteriaemiát észleltünk. Ezek előfordulási mediánja 7 (5–11) nap volt a transzplantációt követően. A bacteriaemiák döntő többsége (33/49) a megtapadás előtt lépett fel. Incidenciájuk a malignus lymphomában szenvedő betegek esetében szignifikánsan magasabb volt, mint a plazmasejt-rendellenességekben szenvedő csoportban (p = 0,0005, OR: 2,41, 95% CI: 1,49–3,99). Vírusfertőzés 12, míg bizonyított vagy valószínű invazív gombainfekció 8 alkalommal következett be. A poszttranszplantációs +100 napig követett 655 páciensnél a kórházi halálozás 2,4% (16 fő) volt, amelyből 8 haláleset infekciós szövődménnyel állt összefüggésben. A korai infekciók kedvezőtlenül befolyásolták a túlélést (p = 0,0001). Következtetés: Autológőssejt-transzplantáltakban az ismeretlen eredetű, neutropeniás láz gyakori. A dokumentált bacteriaemiák aránya azonban alacsony. A plazmasejtes alapbetegség miatt kezeltekhez képest a lymphomás betegekben nagyobb valószínűséggel lép fel bacteriaemia. A korai infekciók rontják a túlélés esélyeit, így megelőzésük és hatékony kezelésük továbbra is kiemelt fontosságú. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(3): 103–109.
journal_name
Orv Hetiljournal_title
Orvosi hetilapauthors
Lakatos B,Szabó H,Csordás K,Tatai G,Nikolova R,Csomor J,Reményi P,Masszi T,Vályi-Nagy I,Sinkó Jdoi
10.1556/650.2020.31638subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-01 00:00:00pages
103-109issue
3eissn
0030-6002issn
1788-6120journal_volume
161pub_type
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