Knowledge about the Disease and the Practice of Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Knowledge about the disease itself can be important for self-care in patients with several problems and comprehends information about the diagnosis up to the most important clinical implications. OBJECTIVE:To identify the level of knowledge of children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) about their illness, and to analyze the association between the level of knowledge and the practice of physical activity. METHODS:Cross-sectional study with 335 patients with CHD, aged 8 to 13 years, followed at a referral pediatric cardiology service in Southern Brazil. Patients were interviewed regarding their knowledge about CHD and a review of medical records was performed to obtain details on heart disease and procedures. A significance level p<0.05 was used. RESULTS:More than 50% of the children and adolescents did not know how to say the name of their disease or explain it. After adjusted OR (AOR), cyanotic patients in comparison to acyanotic ones (AOR: 2.29; 95%CI: 1.76-6.71; p = 0.019); children with lower level of schooling (AOR: 2.20; 95%CI: 1.81-5.86; p = 0.025); and those who did not practice physical activity (AOR: 1.88; 95%CI: 1.09-3.45; p = 0.011) showed potential for incorrect answers or did not know their disease. CONCLUSION:Cyanotic children and adolescents, with a lower level of schooling and who did not practice physical activity, had little knowledge about their disease. It is necessary to develop educational intervention strategies to increase knowledge and change behavior in physical activity promotion, according to the CHD complexity. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(5):786-792). FUNDAMENTO:O conhecimento sobre a própria doença pode ser importante para o autocuidado em pacientes com vários problemas e abrange a informação sobre o diagnóstico até as implicações clínicas mais importantes. OBJETIVO:Identificar o nível de conhecimento de crianças e adolescentes com cardiopatia congênita (CC) sobre a sua doença, e analisar a relação entre o nível de conhecimento e a prática de atividade física. MÉTODOS:Estudo transversal com 335 pacientes com CC, de 8 a 13 anos, acompanhados em um serviço de cardiologia pediátrica de referência no Sul do Brasil. Os pacientes foram entrevistados em relação ao seu conhecimento sobre a CC e foi realizada revisão dos prontuários para obtenção de detalhes sobre a cardiopatia e os procedimentos. Foi utilizado o nível de significância p < 0,05. RESULTADOS:Mais de 50% das crianças e adolescentes não sabiam referir o nome de sua doença ou explicá-la. Após OR ajustado (ORaj), mostraram potencial para respostas incorretas ou não saber sua doença os pacientes cianóticos em relação aos acianóticos (ORaj: 2,29; IC95%: 1,76-6,71; p=0,019); crianças com menor nível de escolaridade (ORaj: 2,20; IC95%: 1,81-5,86; p=0,025); e não praticantes de atividade física (ORaj: 1,88; IC95%: 1,09-3,45; p=0,011). CONCLUSÃO:As crianças e adolescentes cianóticos, com menor nível de escolaridade e que não praticavam de atividade física apresentaram pouco conhecimento sobre a sua doença. Há necessidade do desenvolvimento de estratégias de intervenções educativas para aumento do conhecimento e mudança comportamental na promoção da atividade física, de acordo com a complexidade da CC. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(5):786-792).

journal_name

Arq Bras Cardiol

authors

Campos EFL,Perin L,Assmann M,Lucchese F,Pellanda LC

doi

10.36660/abc.20180417

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-06-01 00:00:00

pages

786-792

issue

5

eissn

0066-782X

issn

1678-4170

pii

S0066-782X2020000600786

journal_volume

114

pub_type

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