Abstract:
:Insects share an intimate relationship with their gut microflora and this symbiotic association has developed into an essential evolutionary outcome intended for their survival through extreme environmental conditions. While it has been clearly established that insects, with very few exceptions, associate with several microbes during their life cycle, information regarding several aspects of these associations is yet to be fully unraveled. Acquisition of bacteria by insects marks the onset of microbial symbiosis, which is followed by the adaptation of these bacterial species to the gut environment for prolonged sustenance and successful transmission across generations. Although several insect-microbiome associations have been reported and each with their distinctive features, diversifications and specializations, it is still unclear as to what led to these diversifications. Recent studies have indicated the involvement of various evolutionary processes operating within an insect body that govern the transition of a free-living microbe to an obligate or facultative symbiont and eventually leading to the establishment and diversification of these symbiotic relationships. Data from various studies, summarized in this review, indicate that the symbiotic partners, i.e., the bacteria and the insect undergo several genetic, biochemical and physiological changes that have profound influence on their life cycle and biology. An interesting outcome of the insect-microbe interaction is the compliance of the microbial partner to its eventual genome reduction. Endosymbionts possess a smaller genome as compared to their free-living forms, and thus raising the question what is leading to reductive evolution in the microbial partner. This review attempts to highlight the fate of microbes within an insect body and its implications for both the bacteria and its insect host. While discussion on each specific association would be too voluminous and outside the scope of this review, we present an overview of some recent studies that contribute to a better understanding of the evolutionary trajectory and dynamics of the insect-microbe association and speculate that, in the future, a better understanding of the nature of this interaction could pave the path to a sustainable and environmentally safe way for controlling economically important pests of crop plants.
journal_name
Front Microbioljournal_title
Frontiers in microbiologyauthors
Gupta A,Nair Sdoi
10.3389/fmicb.2020.01357subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-26 00:00:00pages
1357issn
1664-302Xjournal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In mammals, the microbiota can be transmitted from the placenta, uterus, and vagina of the mother to the infant. Unlike mammals, development of the avian embryo is a process isolated from the mother and thus in the avian embryo the gut microbial developmental process remains elusive. To explore the establishment and i...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01967
更新日期:2017-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Dried blood spots (DBS) are used for epidemiological surveys on infectious diseases in settings where limited resources are available. In fact, DBS can help to overcome logistic difficulties for the collection, transport and storage of biological specimens. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of Strongyloi...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01778
更新日期:2016-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenicity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is regulated in part by its quorum sensing (QS) system. The main QS signaling molecule in S. maltophilia is known as diffusible signal factor (DSF), and the rpf gene cluster is responsible for its synthesis and perception. Two cluster variants have been previously desc...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01160
更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, predominantly as urea, is a major source of reactive N in the environment, with wide ranging effects including increased greenhouse gas accumulation in the atmosphere and aquatic eutrophication. The soil microbial community is the principal driver of soil N cycling; thus, impro...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00634
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of phospholipids relies on a sort of genes, whose promoter regions contain inositol-sensitive upstream activation sequence (UASINO) and are regulated by the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-type ino2/ino4 transcription factor (TF) pair. Ten putative bHLH TFs have been found through whole genome sequencing o...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02985
更新日期:2020-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular DNA is found in all environments and is a dynamic component of the microbial ecosystem. Microbial cells produce and interact with extracellular DNA through many endogenous mechanisms. Extracellular DNA is processed and internalized for use as genetic information and as a major source of macronutrients, a...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00057
更新日期:2014-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::An ideal DNA polymerase for chain-terminating DNA sequencing should possess the following features: (1) incorporate dideoxy- and other modified nucleotides at an efficiency similar to that of the cognate deoxynucleotides; (2) high processivity; (3) high fidelity in the absence of proofreading/exonuclease activity; and...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00181
更新日期:2014-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Over thousands of years, modernization could be predicted for the use of microorganisms in the production of foods and beverages. However, the current accelerated pace of new food production is due to the rapid incorporation of biotechnological techniques that allow the rapid identification of new molecules and microo...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00827
更新日期:2017-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum [Pcc (formerly Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora)] PC1 causes soft-rot disease in a wide variety of plant species by secreting multiple pathogenicity-related traits. In this study, regulatory mechanism of air-liquid (AL) biofilm formation was studied using a cytR homolo...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00972
更新日期:2017-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by a dynamic process and highly variable progression. Although extensive comparisons have been reported between the minority of non-progressors (NPGs) and the majority of progressors (PGs), the underlying mechanism is still unclear. One reason for this is t...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00357
更新日期:2020-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a linear polymer of orthophosphate residues. It is reported to be present in all life forms. Experimental studies showed that polyP plays important roles in bacterial durability and virulence. Here we investigated the relationships of polyP with bacterial durability and virulence the...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00782
更新日期:2018-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of non-native transcriptional activators may be a powerful general method to activate secondary metabolites biosynthetic pathways. PAS-LuxR regulators, whose archetype is PimM, activate the biosynthesis of polyene macrolide antifungals and other antibiotics, and have been shown to be functionally preserved ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00580
更新日期:2019-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular methods have emerged as the most reliable techniques to detect and characterize pathogenic Escherichia coli. These molecular techniques include conventional single analyte and multiplex PCR, PCR followed by microarray detection, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and whole genome sequencing. The choice...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00439
更新日期:2016-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Incorporation of self-derived CRISPR DNA protospacers in Campylobacter jejuni PT14 occurs in the presence of bacteriophages encoding a CRISPR-like Cas4 protein. This phenomenon was evident in carrier state infections where both bacteriophages and host are maintained for seemingly indefinite periods as stable populatio...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00355
更新日期:2016-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Seasonal precipitation changes are increasingly severe in subtropical areas. However, the responses of soil nitrogen (N) cycle and its associated functional microorganisms to such precipitation changes remain unclear. In this study, two projected precipitation patterns were manipulated: intensifying the dry-season dro...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01384
更新日期:2017-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::A multidisciplinary, collaborative project was conducted to determine the prevalence and distribution of soil-borne zoonotic pathogens in Lahore district of Pakistan and ascertain its Public Health Significance. Using a grid-based sampling strategy, soil samples (n = 145) were collected from villages (n = 29, 5 sample...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00917
更新日期:2015-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::In this article we compare the efficacy of different pharmacological agents (ranitidine, and omeprazole) to support phage transit from stomach to distal portions of the gastrointestinal tract in rats. We show that a temporal modification of environment in the animal stomach may protect Twort-like therapeutic antistaph...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00467
更新日期:2017-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) causes encephalitis, myocarditis, neuropathy, reproductive disorders, and diabetes in animals. EMCV is known to induce cell autophagy; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Here, we show that the type III-transmembrane protein, transmembrane protein 39A (TM...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02680
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria sense their own population size, tune the expression of responding genes, and behave accordingly to environmental stimuli by secreting signaling molecules. This phenomenon is termed as quorum sensing (QS). By exogenously manipulating the signal transduction bacterial population behaviors could be controlled, ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01173
更新日期:2015-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Diatoms are a dominant group of eukaryotic phytoplankton that contribute substantially to global primary production and the cycling of important elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Heterotrophic bacteria, including members of the gammaproteobacteria, are commonly associated with diatom populations and may rely on th...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00880
更新日期:2016-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) causes high mortality rates in mariculture, and effective treatments against SGIV infection are urgently required. Illicium verum Hook. f. (I. verum) is a well-known medicinal plant with a variety of biological activities. The natural ingredient quercetin isolated from I. verum coul...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.586331
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding how proteins evolve is important, and the order of amino acids being recruited into the genetic codons was found to be an important factor shaping the amino acid composition of proteins. The latest work about the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) makes it possible to determine the potential factors s...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02948
更新日期:2018-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::The interactions of mitochondria with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are crucial for maintaining proper mitochondrial morphology, function and dynamics. This enables cells to utilize their mitochondria optimally for energy production and anabolism, and it further provides for metabolic control over developmental decis...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02555
更新日期:2017-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Human urine was considered sterile for a long time. However, 416 species have been previously cultured, including only 40 anaerobic species. Here, we used culturomics, particularly those targeting anaerobes, to better understand the urinary microbiota. By testing 435 urine samples, we isolated 450 different bacterial ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.513305
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Gut -associated microbes ('gut microbiota') impact the nutrition of their hosts, especially in ruminants and pseudoruminants that consume high-cellulose diets. Examples include the pseudoruminant alpaca. To better understand how body site and diet influence the alpaca microbiota, we performed three 16S rRNA gene surve...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.03334
更新日期:2019-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we explore the virulence of vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus (VSNJV) in pigs and its potential relationship with the virus's ability to modulate innate responses. For this purpose, we developed a mutant of the highly virulent strain NJ0612NME6, containing a single amino acid substitution in the mat...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01123
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the globally observed increase in antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens and the simultaneous decline in new antibiotic developments, the need for alternative inactivation approaches is growing. This is especially true for the treatment of infections with the problematic ESKAPE pathogens, which include En...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.612367
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Colonies are an abundant form of bacterial multicellularity; however, relatively little is known about the initial stages of their construction. We have previously described that colony development of the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis is a highly ordered process, typically initiating with the formation of extending...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01991
更新日期:2017-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::A Gram-positive, coccoid, motile, aerobic bacterium, designated strain B12T was isolated from a Jet Propulsion Laboratory spacecraft assembly cleanroom, Pasadena, CA, United States. Strain B12T was resistant to chloramphenicol (100 μg/mL), and is a relatively slow grower (3-5 days optimal). Strain B12T was found to gr...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01957
更新日期:2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Arthrobacter spp. are coryneform Gram-positive aerobic bacteria, belonging to the class Actinobacteria. Representatives of this genus have mainly been isolated from soil, mud, sludge or sewage, and are usually mesophiles. In recent years, the presence of Arthrobacter spp. was also confirmed in various extreme, includi...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.03144
更新日期:2018-12-18 00:00:00