Abstract：
:Induction of hepatic metallothionein (MT) by urethane (ethyl carbamate) was characterized. Male CF-1 mice were treated with urethane (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2 g/kg; ip) and 18 hr later hepatic MT concentrations were determined with the Cd-hemoglobin radioassay. Urethane (1 g/kg and higher) significantly increased hepatic MT levels, resulting in a 14-fold increase after 2 g/kg. Time-course experiments indicated that MT levels were increased significantly at 6 hr after administration of urethane (1.5 g/kg) and reached a maximum between 12 and 24 hr. Gel filtration, anion-exchange chromatography, and ultraviolet spectral analysis were used to characterize the protein induced by urethane. Pretreatment with actinomycin-D prevented induction of MT by urethane. Administration of equimolar dosages (20 mmol/kg) of urethane, N-hydroxyurethane, and methyl carbamate indicated that urethane and N-hydroxyurethane induce MT but that methyl carbamate does not. MT induction was also not observed with other commonly used anesthetics (pentobarbital and phenobarbital). In conclusion, urethane induces hepatic MT but this effect is not related to its anesthetic action, nor is it a common property of all carbamates.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Brzeznicka EA,Lehman LD,Klaassen CDdoi
10.1016/0041-008x(87)90251-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-03-15 00:00:00pages
457-63issue
3eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Exposure of human bladder urothelial cells (UROtsa) to 50 nM of the arsenic metabolite, monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)), for 12 weeks results in irreversible malignant transformation. The ability of continuous, low-level MMA(III) exposure to cause an increase in genotoxic potential by inhibiting repair processes ne...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.08.029
更新日期：2011-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyroid homeostasis can be disturbed due to thiocyanate exposure from the diet or tobacco smoke. Thiocyanate inhibits both thyroidal uptake of iodide, via the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), and thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis in the thyroid, via thyroid peroxidase (TPO), but the mode of action of thiocyanate is poorly ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2016.07.011
更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) administration (600 mg/kg, ip) to 18-hr fasted, 3-month-old male CD-1 mice results in necrosis of the convoluted renal proximal tubules with a corresponding elevation of plasma urea nitrogen (BUN). Administration of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibitor, L-(alpha S,5S)-alpha-amino-3-chloro-4...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1996.0020
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:4-Alkylbicyclophosphates, R1C(CH2O)3P(O), with suitable R1 substituents (e.g., t-butyl, isopropyl, or cyclohexyl) are highly toxic compounds [mouse intraperitoneal (ip) LD50 values 0.036-0.52 mg/kg] and are potent noncompetitive gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonists. 4-Alkylmonocyclophosphates of the type R1(HOCH...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(85)90119-x
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The popularity of hair dyes use has been increasing regularly throughout the world as per the demand of hair coloring fashion trends and other cosmetic products. 2-Amino-3-hydroxypyridine (A132) is widely used as a hair dye ingredient around the world. We are reporting first time the phototoxicity mechanism of A132 un...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2016.02.022
更新日期：2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice lacking the modifier subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (Gclm), the rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, have decreased tissue GSH. We previously showed that Gclm-/- embryos have increased sensitivity to the prenatal in vivo ovarian toxicity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2018.05.024
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The M2 subtype of muscarinic receptor is predominant in heart, and such receptors were reported to be located in muscles as well as in presynaptic cholinergic and adrenergic nerve terminals. Muscarinic receptors of rat heart were identified by the high affinity binding of the agonist (+)-[3H]cis-methyldioxolane ([3H]C...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90320-t
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of thiourea to mature male rats at a dosage of 3.5 mg/kg (ip) produced marked pleural effusion by 2 hr (3-4 ml). Pretreatment with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) significantly reduced this pleural effusion (less than 0.5 ml). Despite this unequivocal effect, there was no corresponding reductio...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90191-6
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For highly water soluble and reactive gases, such as formaldehyde, the reported distribution of nasal lesions in rats and rhesus monkeys following inhalation exposure may be attributable, at least in part, to regional gas uptake patterns that are a consequence of nasal airflow characteristics. Inspiratory nasal airflo...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0041-008x(05)80005-5
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rat hepatocytes and isolated liver mitochondrial fractions, Cyclosporine A (CsA) is often used as a specific inhibitor of mitochondrial Ca(2+) release and as a specific blocker of mitochondrial membrane potential and permeability transition (MPT), which are all processes involved in the inhibition of apoptosis. How...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1999.8887
更新日期：2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Human-based in silico models are emerging as important tools to study the effects of integrating inward and outward ion channel currents to predict clinical proarrhythmic risk. The aims of this study were 2-fold: 1) Evaluate the capacity of an in silico model to predict QTc interval prolongation in the in vivo anesthe...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.114883
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids such as monocrotaline (MCT) are toxic plant constituents which poison livestock and humans. Low doses of MCT given to rats result in cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic sequelae similar to forms of chronic pulmonary hypertension in man. This provides a useful model of human disease. The toxicology...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(88)90050-6
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used in a wide variety of consumer applications as additive flame retardants. In North America, scientists have noted continuing increases in the levels of PBDE congeners measured in human serum. Some recent studies have found that PBDEs are associated with adverse heal...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.09.007
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Though nanomaterials (NMs) are being utilized worldwide, increasing use of NMs have raised concerns over their safety to human health and environment. Iron oxide (Fe(2)O(3)) NMs have important applications. The aim of this study was to assess the genotoxicity of Fe(2)O(3)-30nm and Fe(2)O(3)-bulk in female Wistar rats....
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.016
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibrinogen, a soluble 340kDa plasma glycoprotein, is critical in achieving and maintaining hemostasis. Reduced fibrinogen levels are associated with an increased risk of bleeding and recent research has investigated the efficacy of fibrinogen concentrate for controlling perioperative bleeding. European guidelines on t...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2014.07.019
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework describes the progression of a toxicity pathway from molecular perturbation to population-level outcome in a series of measurable, mechanistic responses. The controlled, computer-readable vocabulary that defines an AOP has the ability to, automatically and on a large scale, ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2018.02.006
更新日期：2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute exposure to Cd produces liver injury, whereas chronic exposure results in kidney injury. Tolerance to the hepatotoxicity is observed during chronic exposure to Cd due to the induction of metallothionein (MT). The nephrotoxicity produced by chronic Cd exposure purportedly results from renal uptake of Cd-metalloth...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(88)90231-1
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Teratogenicity of the anticonvulsant phenytoin may be due in part to its bioactivation by prostaglandin synthetase, forming a reactive free radical intermediate. We examined whether teratogenicity of the structurally similar oxazolidinedione anticonvulsants, trimethadione and its N-demethylated metabolite dimethadione...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90245-7
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laboratory studies have described the carcinogenicity of fumonisin B1 (FB1) in rodents and epidemiological evidence suggests an association between FB1 (a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium moniliforme) and cancer in humans. This study was designed to reveal in rainbow trout, a species with very low spontaneous tumor inci...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2001.9129
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercury (Hg) has long been recognized as a neurotoxicant; however, recent work in animal models has implicated Hg as an immunotoxicant. In particular, Hg has been shown to induce autoimmune disease in susceptible animals with effects including overproduction of specific autoantibodies and pathophysiologic signs of lup...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2004.11.035
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The glutathione precursor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is currently being tested on Parkinson's patients for its neuroprotective properties. Our studies have shown that NAC can elicit protection in glutathione-independent manners in vitro. Thus, the goal of the present study was to establish an animal model of NAC-mediat...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2016.02.010
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of 1-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-butene (CHB), a known in vitro metabolite of the human carcinogen 1,3-butadiene, have not previously been investigated. Because CHB can be bioactivated by alcohol dehydrogenases to yield 1-chloro-3-buten-2-one (CBO), a bifunctional alkylating age...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.04.019
更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanotechnology is an emerging industry based on commercialization of materials with one or more dimensions of 100 nm or less. Engineered nanomaterials are currently incorporated into thin films, porous materials, liquid suspensions, or filler/matrix nanocomposites with future applications predicted in energy and catal...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.027
更新日期：2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The inflammasome is a multi-protein complex which when activated regulates caspase-1 activation and IL-1β and IL-18 secretion. The NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome is constitutively assembled and activated in human melanoma cells. We have examined the inhibitory effect of thymoqui...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.03.027
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver fibrosis results from chronic tissue damage and excessive regeneration with accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins; it is a precursor of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver fibrosis treatments are primarily directed at inflammation, with few options to combat fibrogenesis. Pirfenidone is a...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2017.11.024
更新日期：2018-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an important mediator of toxic responses after exposure to xenobiotics including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Activation of AhR responsive genes requires AhR dimerization with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear tr...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.12.002
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The radioprotective effect of extracellular melanin, a naturally occurring pigment, isolated from the fungus Gliocephalotrichum simplex was examined in BALB/C mice, and the probable mechanism of action was established. At an effective dose of 50mg/kg body weight, melanin exhibited both prophylactic and mitigative acti...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.08.002
更新日期：2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The main curative treatment of colorectal cancer remains the surgery. However, when metastases are suspected, surgery is followed by a preventive chemotherapy using oxaliplatin which, unfortunately, may cause liver sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). Such hepatic damage is barely detected during or after chemothera...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2014.02.008
更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies in this laboratory have shown that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) alter Ca2+ homeostasis and inhibit activation of both B and T lymphocytes obtained from rodents and humans. In the present studies, we demonstrate that alpha-naphthoflavone (ANF), an inhibitor of cytochrome P4501A activity, red...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1997.8113
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) has already entered clinical trials of solid tumors over ten years. However, the limited anticancer activity and dose-dependent toxicity restrict its clinical application. Here, we offered convincing evidence that CA-4 induced autophagy in various cancer cells, which was demonstrated by acrid...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.11.018
更新日期：2014-01-15 00:00:00
