Estimation of the elimination half-life of a drug at any serum concentration when the Km and Vmax of the drug are known: calculations and validation with phenytoin.

abstract：:This study was designed to evaluate the steady-state pharmacokinetics (PK) of estradiol and its metabolites, estrone and estrone sulfate, following application of a novel estradiol transdermal spray to healthy postmenopausal women. Participants were randomly assigned in parallel to receive 1-, 2-, or 3-spray doses (24...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Morton TL,Gattermeir DJ,Petersen CA,Day WW,Schumacher RJ

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This 30-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was designed to (1) establish that 6.25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) given once daily with 5 mg of bisoprolol fumarate can contribute to antihypertensive effectiveness in patients with stage I and stage II (mild to moderate) systemi...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Frishman WH,Burris JF,Mroczek WJ,Weir MR,Alemayehu D,Simon JS,Chen SY,Bryzinski BS

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six obese (mean weight 92 kg) and five normal (60 kg) subjects received 2 mg diazepam nightly for 30 nights. Determination of diazepam and desmethyldiazepam plasma concentrations during the dosing period and for a withdrawal period indicated that accumulation half-life for both diazepam (7.8 days in obese vs. 3.1 days...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Abernethy DR,Greenblatt DJ,Divoll M,Shader RI

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of verapamil were investigated in six chronic hemodialysis patients. A single oral 120-mg dose was administered both on a non-hemodialysis day and a hemodialysis day separated by greater than or equal to 7 days. Blood pressure and PR interval were measured simultaneously with ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Hanyok JJ,Chow MS,Kluger J,Izard MW

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Azlocillin is an important acylureido penicillin antibiotic for the management of complex gram-negative infections particularly those caused by Pseudomonas species. The current studies demonstrate that it manifests dose-dependent pharmacokinetics during the usual regimens of clinical dosing, that enterohepatic recircu...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Whelton A,Stout RL,Spilman PS,Delgado FA,Watson AJ

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium channel blocker therapy has proved protective in certain models of ischemic-induced acute renal failure. This effect may be related to the prevention of calcium influx into injured cells or by the vasodilatory effects of verapamil that may result in an improvement in renal blood flow. In the current study, the...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Watson AJ,Gimenez LF,Klassen DK,Stout RL,Whelton A

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood concentrations of cyclosporine were determined in adult and pediatric patients following orthotopic liver transplantation to quantitate cyclosporine blood clearance and oral absorption. Seventeen bioavailability studies were performed following transplantation surgery in nine children and seven adults. The intra...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Burckart GJ,Venkataramanan R,Ptachcinski RJ,Starzl TE,Gartner JC Jr,Zitelli BJ,Malatack JJ,Shaw BW,Iwatsuki S,Van Thiel DH

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effective and practical preventive procedures for postflight orthostatic intolerance are highly desirable. The current practice of attempts to expand plasma volume by ingestion of salt and fluids before reentry has proven benefits. This study evaluated alternative options using fludrocortisone (F) to expand plasma vol...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Vernikos J,Dallman MF,Van Loon G,Keil LC

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from 58 premarketing studies of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug flurbiprofen were pooled for analyses of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). These studies included 5602 patients treated with flurbiprofen (N = 4123), aspirin (N = 1033), or placebo (N = 446) for varying durations. Diagnoses included rheumatoid ar...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Brooks CD,Linet OI,Schellenberg D,Turner LF,Defesche CL,Teoh KW,Johnson JH,Assenzo JR

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The safety and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple administrations of cefpirome (HR810), a new cephalosporin antibiotic agent with a broad antibacterial spectrum, were studied in healthy male volunteers. The single administration protocols included a 3-minute intravenous injection of 0.5 g or 1 g, and a 1-hour int...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Nakayama I,Akieda Y,Yamaji E,Nitta Y,Ohishi M,Katagiri K,Imamura N,Takase K

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The differential diagnosis of idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is difficult because symptoms are seldom pathognomonic. The authors compared the performance of two new diagnostic aids in the differential diagnosis of 27 cases of skin reactions associated with sulfonamide therapy. One test, the Bayesian Adver...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Lanctôt KL,Ghajar BM,Shear NH,Naranjo CA

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate the population pharmacokinetics of valproic acid in children, 97 steady-state serum valproate concentration measurements were gathered during normal, routine, outpatient care of 52 children with epilepsy (1.2-16 years of age). Levels were obtained from patients receiving valproate monotherapy (49%) or valp...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Botha JH,Gray AL,Miller R

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated the effects of intravitreal injection of fasudil (IVF), a Rho-kinase inhibitor, in cases of recent-onset nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). In this interventional case series, 13 eyes of 13 patients diagnosed with NAION within 14 days of onset were included. The affected eyes...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Sanjari N,Pakravan M,Nourinia R,Esfandiari H,Hafezi-Moghadam A,Zandi S,Nakao S,Shah-Heidari MH,Jamali A,Yaseri M,Ahmadieh H

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As documented in national surveys, for the past several years, marijuana has been the most commonly abused drug in the United States, with approximately 6% of the population 12 years and older having used the drug in the month prior to interview. The use of marijuana is not without significant health hazards. Marijuan...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Khalsa JH,Genser S,Francis H,Martin B

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the gene expression signature of monocyte/macrophages and the pleiotropic effects of atorvastatin on monocytes in atherosclerotic patients. Forty patients with coronary heart diseases were randomly assigned to double-blind therapy with either 20 or 80 mg per day of atorva...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Wang ZH,Liu XL,Zhong M,Zhang LP,Shang YY,Hu XY,Li L,Zhang Y,Deng JT,Zhang W

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible effect of oral flecainide acetate on steady-state digoxin levels was assessed in 15 healthy men. Each volunteer received digoxin 0.25 mg daily (8 AM) for 22 consecutive days and flecainide 200 mg bid (8 AM and 8 PM) on days 11 through 15. Plasma digoxin and flecainide levels were measured by radioimmunoas...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Weeks CE,Conard GJ,Kvam DC,Fox JM,Chang SF,Paone RP,Lewis GP

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four protease inhibitor antiviral agents (ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir) were evaluated as in vitro inhibitors of the activity of six human cytochromes using an in vitro model based on human liver microsomes. Ritonavir was a highly potent inhibitor of P450-3A activity (triazolam hydroxylation), having i...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： von Moltke LL,Greenblatt DJ,Grassi JM,Granda BW,Duan SX,Fogelman SM,Daily JP,Harmatz JS,Shader RI

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Consumption of typical quantities of grapefruit juice (GFJ) increases the oral bioavailability of several CYP3A4 substrates without affecting their elimination, consistent with selective inhibition of intestinal but not hepatic CYP3A4. However, increases in the AUCs of CYP3A4 substrates recently associated with the co...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Veronese ML,Gillen LP,Burke JP,Dorval EP,Hauck WW,Pequignot E,Waldman SA,Greenberg HE

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anisotropine methyl bromide, an anticholinergic, 80 mg given orally at 8 P.M., suppresses gastric acid secretion through the night without significant side effects. Thirty patients with endoscopy-proved symptomatic duodenal ulcer disease completed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of nighttime aniso...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Bowers JH,Forbes JA,Freston JW

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hydrocortisone after rectal administration of a hydrocortisone acetate foam were determined after single and multiple dosing in healthy subjects as well as in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Endogenous hydrocortisone was suppressed by dexamethasone administration. ...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Tromm A,Möllmann H,Barth J,Hochhaus G,Krieg M,Bigalke C,Möllmann A,Derendorf H

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of lovastatin given before percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on early restenosis was investigated in men with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Thirty-four hypercholesterolemic patients (serum LDL cholesterol 130-200 mg/dL) undergoing their first PTCA completed a 6-month prospective, double-blin...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Beigel Y,Zafrir N,Teplitzky Y,Neuman Y,Gavish D,Wurzel M,Fainaru M

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Food and Drug Administration data show that most anti-depressant studies in youth do not show drug effect. The few positive studies used rigorous diagnostic screening procedures, suggesting major depressive disorder (MDD) may not be a persistent condition in a subgroup of youth. To investigate persistence of MDD, we s...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Malone RP,Bennett DS,Delaney MA,Choudhury MS,Luebbert JF,Cater J

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antiretrovirals may influence methadone exposure in HIV-1-infected patients receiving methadone for opiate addiction. Rilpivirine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for treating HIV-1 infection. In this open-label trial (NCT00744770), 13 HIV-negative volunteers continued on their regular stable methad...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Crauwels HM,van Heeswijk RP,Vandevoorde A,Buelens A,Stevens M,Hoetelmans RM

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antihypertensive effect of enalaprilat (MK-422), an intravenous (IV), nonsulfhydryl converting-enzyme inhibitor, was evaluated in a double-blind study of 14 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. The seven patients in the treatment group initially received IV enalaprilat 1.25 mg q6h for 24 hours. Thereafter,...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Evans RR,Henzler MA,Weber EM,DiPette DJ

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the relationship, precision, and bias of a propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) system during prolonged infusion in neurosurgical patients. We retrospectively included patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective neurosurgical removal of brain tumors and postoperative...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Cortegiani A,Pavan A,Azzeri F,Accurso G,Vitale F,Gregoretti C

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amiodarone is a unique antiarrhythmic agent originally developed as a vasodilator. Classified electrophysiologically as a Type III antiarrhythmic, it also has both nonspecific antisympathetic and direct, fast channel-membrane effects. Hemodynamic effects of orally administered amiodarone (a negative inotropic agent) a...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Freedman MD,Somberg JC

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increased availability of chemical intermediates and automated instrumentation has resulted in expanded use of stable isotopes for bioavailability and bioequivalence studies in recent years. Initially, stable isotopes were confined to the labeling of mass internal standard compounds for gas chromatography/mass spe...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Wolen RL

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin B6 has been known to possess antiemetic effects since 1942. This water soluble compound has several forms in the circulation including pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxal phosphate. The active antiemetic form of vitamin B6 is unknown. This was a pre-specified substudy of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Matok I,Clark S,Caritis S,Miodovnik M,Umans JG,Hankins G,Mattison DR,Koren G

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objectives of the 3 phase I studies described herein were (1) to compare the pharmacokinetics of gabapentin delivered from a novel gastric-retentive dosage form vs an immediate-release formulation, (2) to assess the dose proportionality of the gastric-retentive extended-release formulation, and (3) to determine th...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Chen C,Cowles VE,Hou E

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to apply individualized, physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (iPBPK-R) modeling of 14 CO2 production rates measured by the erythromycin breath test (ERMBT) to characterize the effect of hemodialysis on the function of nonrenal clearance pathways in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESR...

journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Franchetti Y,Nolin TD

更新日期：2021-01-18 00:00:00