Attracting mutualists and antagonists: plant trait variation explains the distribution of specialist floral herbivores and pollinators on crops and wild gourds.

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Plant communities may be influenced by toxic secondary metabolites or enhanced plant growth from plant-symbiont interactions. The C:N hypothesis predicts that carbon or nitrogen constrains plant secondary metabolite production, but it does not consider compounds produced by plant symbionts. Locowee...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Delaney KJ,Klypina N,Maruthavanan J,Lange C,Sterling TM

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because leaf pubescence of the desert shrub Encelia farinosa increases in response to drought and influences photosynthesis and transpiration, we hypothesized that differences in water availability across the range of this species may result in genetic differentiation for pubescence and associated productivity traits....

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sandquist DR,Ehleringer JR

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pattern of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis during lateral root initiation in Marsilea quadrifolia L. was monitored by autoradiography of incorporated of 3H-thymidine, 3H-uridine, and 3H-leucine, respectively. DNA synthesis was associated with the enlargement of the lateral root initial prior to its division. Con...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Lin BL,Raghavan V

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Mixotrophy is a strategy whereby plants acquire carbon both through photosynthesis and heterotrophic exploitation of mycorrhizal fungi. In Euro-American Pyroleae species studied hitherto, heterotrophy levels vary according to species, sites of study, and possibly light conditions. We investigated m...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Matsuda Y,Shimizu S,Mori M,Ito S,Selosse MA

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reports the frequency of spontaneous amphiploids or neopolyploids in experimental interspecific hybrids in two annual sections of Gilia (Polemoniaceae, sects. Arachnion and Gilia, x = 9). In each section the species were intercrossed in numerous hybrid combinations to obtain an array of F1 hybrid types; sev...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Grant V

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many foliar pathogens require free water to germinate; therefore, disease pressure should favor plants that are able to repel water. For a suite of 18 sympatric clover species (Trifolium and Medicago, Fabaceae), we evaluated leaf traits affecting leaf wetness and susceptibility to infection by the fungal pathogen Stem...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Bradley DJ,Gilbert GS,Parker IM

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Despite being highly fertile and occupying a large geographic region, the North American heartleaf bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia; Brassicaceae) has a puzzling triploid-like chromosome number (2n = 3x = 24). As most triploids are sterile, we embarked on a detailed analysis of the C. cordifolia g...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Mandáková T,Gloss AD,Whiteman NK,Lysak MA

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The utility of regression and correspondence models for deducing climate from leaf physiognomy was evaluated by the comparative application of different predictive models to the same three leaf assemblages. Mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and growing season precipitation (GSP) were esti...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Wiemann MC,Manchester SR,Dilcher DL,Hinojosa LF,Wheeler EA

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Little is known about the effect of environmental conditions on seed dormancy break at the community level or how it could be affected by climate change. This study tested the effects of storage conditions on germination of 489 species from high-elevation natural grasslands on the Tibet Plateau. M...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Liu K,Baskin JM,Baskin CC,Bu H,Liu M,Liu W,Du G

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolutionary origins of the morphological and taxonomic diversity of angiosperms is poorly known. We used the genus Melianthus to explore the diversification of the southern African flora. Melianthus comprises eight species, and a phylogeny based on one nuclear and two plastid genes, as well as a morphological dat...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Linder HP,Dlamini T,Henning J,Verboom GA

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Inclusion of fossils in phylogenetic analyses is necessary in order to construct a comprehensive "tree of death" and elucidate evolutionary history of taxa; however, such incorporation of fossils in phylogenetic reconstruction is dependent on the availability and interpretation of extensive morphol...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Smith SY,Iles WJD,Benedict JC,Specht CD

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the alpine landscape most plant populations are spatially isolated due to extreme patchiness and strong natural fragmentation. We used RAPD-PCR (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction) for a study of the genetic diversity within and among 20 populations of Geum reptans, an outcrossing clonal p...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Pluess AR,Stöcklin J

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Strait of Gibraltar is the most important barrier disconnecting the landmasses of Europe and Africa on the western Mediterranean extreme. Carex helodes is a wind-pollinated species endemic to the western Mediterranean. Because molecular and cytogenetic data allow the inference of its evolutionary history, we analy...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Escudero M,Vargas P,Valcárcel V,Luceño M

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many plant species are characterized by a life cycle with a long-lived, subterranean phase that is completely dependent on mycorrhizal fungal symbionts for fixed carbon. This type of life cycle is both phylogenetically and ecologically widespread and is found in diverse vascular plant lineages from the tropics to suba...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Winther JL,Friedman WE

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of size and spatial isolation of fens on the isozyme variability of 17 populations of Swertia perennis. This long-lived perennial is a locally abundant fen specialist in Switzerland, where wetlands have been strongly fragmented. Isozyme variability was comparable to other outcrossing plants (A ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Lienert J,Fischer M,Schneller J,Diemer M

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Darwin's research on botany and plant physiology was a landmark attempt to integrate plant movements into a biological perspective of behavior. Since antiquity, people have sought to explain plant movements via mechanical or physiological forces, and yet they also constructed analogies between plant and animal behavio...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Whippo CW,Hangarter RP

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Giant cacti species possess long cylindrical stems that store massive amounts of water and other resources to draw on for photosynthesis, growth, and reproduction during hot and dry conditions. Across all giant cacti taxa, stem photosynthetic surface area to volume ratio (S:V) varies by several fol...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Huber J,Dettman DL,Williams DG,Hultine KR

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite loci were developed to characterize genetic variation and population subdivision in Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss. (Meliaceae). • METHODS AND RESULTS:Microsatellite loci were identified from genomic DNA sequences generated using the 454 GS-FLX titanium platform. Pr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sexton GJ,Frere CH,Dieters MJ,Godwin ID,Prentis PJ

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between simulated cotyledon herbivory and interspecific competition was studied in a greenhouse experiment using two species of trees, Acer rubrum and Quercus palustris, which commonly invade abandoned agricultural fields. Herbivory treatments were applied as a gradient of cotyledon removal for A. rubr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Meiners SJ,Handel SN

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Geographic patterns of biodiversity have long inspired interest in processes that shape the assembly, diversity, and dynamics of communities at different spatial scales. To study mechanisms of community assembly, ecologists often compare spatial variation in community composition (beta-diversity) a...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burkle LA,Myers JA,Belote RT

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a detailed analysis of how limited seed dispersal can create spatial structuring of genetic variation, several nuclear microsatellites were assayed in seedlings from two forests of Pinus strobus, one old growth (OG) and the other (second site, SS) logged in ca. 1900. By using loci with a large number of alleles and...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Walter R,Epperson BK

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Seabirds often cause significant changes to soil properties, and seabird-dominated systems often host unique plant communities. This study experimentally (1) examined species-specific responses to seabird guano gradients, (2) considered the role that differential functional traits among species pla...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Young HS,McCauley DJ,Dirzo R

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Declines in reproductive capabilities with increasing age are common across the tree of life. However, in plants, mating system traits have rarely been tested for signs of senescence. Since reproduction is often resource limited, we might expect outcrossing and selfing taxa to allocate these resources different...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Malagon DA,Roche MD,McElderry RM,Kalisz S

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Collinsia was the subject of classic biosystematic studies by Garber and colleagues and is increasingly investigated to address major evolutionary questions. Lack of phylogenetic data from more than one gene region and one taxonomic exemplar has left relationships, diversity, and phytogeography of ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Baldwin BG,Kalisz S,Armbruster WS

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Although our awareness of ploidy diversity has expanded with the application of flow cytometry, we still know little about the extent to which cytotypes within mixed-ploidy populations are genetically differentiated across environmental gradients. METHODS:To address this issue, we reared 14 popula...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Etterson JR,Toczydlowski RH,Winkler KJ,Kirschbaum JA,McAulay TS

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The evolutionary shift from radial to bilateral symmetry in flowers is generally associated with the evolution of low flower-size variation. This phenomenon supports the hypothesis that the lower size variation in bilateral flowers can be attributed to low pollinator diversity. In this study, we pr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Nikkeshi A,Kurimoto D,Ushimaru A

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gelatinous fibers (G-fibers) are the active component of tension wood. G-fibers are unlike traditional fiber cells in that they possess a thick, nonlignified gelatinous layer (G-layer) internal to the normal secondary cell wall layers. For the past several decades, the G-layer has generally been presumed to be compose...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Bowling AJ,Vaughn KC

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The species boundaries of wild and cultivated potatoes are controversial, with most of the taxonomic problems in the cultivated potato clade. We here provide the first in-depth phylogenetic study of the cultivated potato clade to explore possible causes of these problems. METHODS:We examined 131 d...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Spooner DM,Ruess H,Arbizu CI,Rodríguez F,Solís-Lemus C

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A spatially explicit, reiterative algorithm (SERA) is presented and used to predict multiple aspects of plant population and community dynamics. Using simple physical principles and empirically derived relationships, SERA provides an analytical venue to test alternative hypotheses about individual functional traits go...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Hammond ST,Niklas KJ

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The specific shape of the relationship between plant diversity and productivity and the causal mechanism(s) behind the observed pattern(s) are still highly debated. Recent advances suggest that the relationship depends on several environmental variables and may change with the observational scale. In this study, a mul...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： de Lafontaine G,Houle G

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00