Abstract：
:The reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI] by rat liver microsomes was studied. With 15-120 microM Na2CrO4 microsomes (0.5 mg protein/ml) effectively reduced Cr(VI) in the presence of NADPH provided anaerobic conditions. Phenobarbital (PB) and Aroclor 1254 (PCB) pretreatment increased microsomal Cr(VI) reduction while CoCl2 reduced the rate. The rates with 30 microM Na2CrO4 were: 6.4 +/- 0.1, 7.8 +/- 0.7, 13.4 +/- 0.5, 2.95 +/- 0.09 nmol Cr.mg prot.-1 min-1 for control, PB, PCB and cobalt pretreated microsomes respectively. Kinetic studies gave a Michaeli-Menten like first-order kinetics with increases both in Km and Vmax values after pretreatment with PB or PCB. CO partly inhibited the microsomal Cr(VI) reduction. The CO-sensitive reduction rate was directly correlated to the cyt. P-450 content of the different microsomal preparations. Substituting NADH for NADPH gave approximately 27% lower activity with 30 microM Na2CrO4. This activity was neither inducible by cyt. P-450 inducers nor influenced by CO. Oxygen 1.0% and 0.10% gave approximately 100% and 30% inhibition of Cr(VI) reduction (30 microM Na2CrO4) respectively, and an uncompetitive like inhibitory pattern was found. No redox cycling of Cr(VI) was seen. 51Cr binding to the microsomes was approximately 10% after complete reduction of 30 microM Na2CrO4. Externally added FMN, Fe3+-ADP and nitrobenzen stimulated microsomal Cr(VI) reduction. A 60% higher reduction rate of Cr(VI) by isolated hepatocytes was found during anaerobic in comparison with aerobic conditions.
journal_name
Chem Biol Interactjournal_title
Chemico-biological interactionsauthors
Mikalsen A,Alexander J,Ryberg Ddoi
10.1016/0009-2797(89)90076-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
175-92issue
2-3eissn
0009-2797issn
1872-7786pii
0009-2797(89)90076-8journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Keratinocytes cultured from human and rat epidermis exhibited strongly divergent sensitivities to toxicity from the heterocyclic amine food mutagen Trp-P-2. To find a biochemical basis for this difference, the cultured cells were compared in their expression of phase 1 and 2 biotransformation activities, mutagenic act...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00182-4
更新日期：2000-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at concentrations of 300-6000 ppm in the diet caused a dose-dependent increase in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity in normal F344 male rat liver at 18 weeks. However, the activities of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) of rat liver cytosol were enhanced only at concentrations...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(84)90005-x
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus causes derangement of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism which eventually leads to a number of secondary complications. Terminalia bellerica is widely used in Indian medicine to treat various diseases including diabetes. The present study was carried out to isolate and identify the putative a...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2010.11.005
更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethene (DDT) metabolic intermediate 1-chloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethene (DDMU) is partially metabolized in vivo by mice to 2-hydroxy-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)acetic acid (alpha OH-DDA) and other metabolites which are excreted in urine. The subsequent DDT metabolic intermedia...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(81)90140-x
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disulfiram is a potent antioxidant that prevented the peroxidation of microsomal phospholipids induced by ADP/Fe3+ at concentrations as low as 1 microM. However, disulfiram had a biphasic action when used to assess the role of lipid peroxidation in the killing of cultured hepatocytes by an acute oxidative stress. At a...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(89)90003-3
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine correlations between the biological action pattern and chemical reactivity of alkylating agents, the rate constants for reactions of 1,3-propane sultone and 1,4-butane sultone with a series of nucleophiles at 37 degrees C have been determined. Previously published data on the mutagenicity of the two sulto...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(76)90036-3
更新日期：1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HPV infections in the oral cavity that progress to cancer are on the increase in the USA. Model systems to study co-factors for progression of these infections are lacking as HPVs are species-restricted and cannot grow in preclinical animal models. We have recently developed a mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1) oral mucosa...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109321
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Rabbit bone marrow mitochondria, stripped of their outer membrane (mitoplasts), have been shown to carry out the NADPH-dependent bioactivation of radiolabelled benzene in vitro to metabolites capable of covalently binding to mtDNA, thereby inhibiting transcription. The metabolites of benzene produced in bone marrow ce...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(84)90057-7
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the involvement of cholinesterases (ChEs) in the removal of acetylcholine (ACh) at cholinergic synapses is firmly established, there is evidence to suggest that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) take part in several cellular processes. The early expression of ChE genes during embry...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.035
更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A novel post-addition method, based on the trapping of ABTS-radicals, is applied for studying the total antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma. A remarkable profile is observed, in which seminal plasma quenches radicals in a continuous, relatively slow fashion. Five putative antioxidants present in seminal plasma were...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00179-4
更新日期：2000-07-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Alkylation of DNA with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MeNU) and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (EtNU) reduces its ability to support RNA synthesis catalyzed by exogenously added RNA polymerase. It is likely that 7-alkylguanine and alkyl phosphotriester in DNA are mainly responsible for the inhibition of RNA synthesis. The inhibitory ...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(83)90027-3
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is found to have a brain distribution pattern that is distinct from that of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Neurons containing BuChE are particularly located in the amygdala, hippocampal formation and the thalamus, structures involved in the normal functions of cognition and behavior that ty...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2012.08.009
更新日期：2013-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucuronide conjugates represent one of the major types of naturally occurring phase 2 metabolites of xenobiotics and endobiotics. The process underlying their formation, glucuronidation, is normally considered detoxifying, because glucuronides usually possess less intrinsic biological or chemical activity than their ...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00198-8
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since Duchenne muscular dystrophy was attributed to mutations in the dystrophin gene, more than 30 genes have been found to be causally related with muscular dystrophies, about half of them encoding proteins of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC). Through laminin-2, the DGC bridges the muscle cytoskeleton and th...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2012.08.001
更新日期：2013-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:We are investigating treatments for cocaine abuse based on viral gene transfer of a cocaine hydrolase (CocH) derived from human butyrylcholinesterase, which can reduce cocaine-stimulated locomotion and cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior in rats for many months. Here, in mice, we explored the possibi...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2012.08.015
更新日期：2013-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is a cellular or physiological condition of elevated concentrations of reactive oxygen species that cause molecular damage to vital structures and functions. Several factors influence the susceptibility to oxidative stress by affecting the antioxidant status or free oxygen radical generation. Here, we...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(96)03729-5
更新日期：1996-09-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Since aldose reductase is localized primarily in lens epithelial cells, osmotic insults induced by the accumulation of sugar alcohols occur first in these cells. To determine whether the accumulation of sugar alcohols can induce lens epithelial cell death, galactose-induced apoptosis has been investigated in dog lens ...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00289-1
更新日期：2001-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment of isolated mitochondria from rat hepatoma tumor cells (AS-30D) with the oxidant, t-butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH, 1 or 5 mumol/ml) resulted in the oxidation of glutathione (GSH to GSSG) and the formation of protein-glutathione mixed disulfides (ProSSG). The GSSG was retained inside of the hepatoma mitochondri...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(92)90073-t
更新日期：1992-09-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Male CBA mice were exposed to propene, unlabelled or 14C-labelled, by inhalation, or to 14C-labelled propylene oxide by intraperitoneal injection. 2-Hydroxypropyl adducts to guanine-N-7 in DNA of various organs and to N-terminal valine and histidine-N pi in hemoglobin were measured. The adduct levels observed show tha...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(91)90102-d
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dietary exposure of rats to cadmium (75 ppm) for periods of up to 48 weeks caused an accumulation of cadmium in the femur, and an inhibition of the accumulation of zinc in the bone. After 48 weeks of cadmium treatment, there was a decreased activity of alkaline phosphatase in the femur. This effect was prevented b...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0009-2797(80)90155-6
更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined and compared enantioselectivity in the oxidation of propranolol (PL) by liver microsomes from humans and Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). PL was oxidized at the naphthalene ring to 4-hydroxypropranolol, 5-hydroxypropranolol and side chain N-desisopropylpropranolol by human liver microsomes with enantiose...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00174-5
更新日期：2000-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyrazolone based metal complexes have strong bio-activity but the anti-cancer mechanism of these derivatives is not fully understood. In recent years, Cu(II) complexes have attracted the interest of researchers increasingly because of their high antitumor activities that are usually related to DNA binding. The reactio...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2015.08.022
更新日期：2015-10-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis is accompanied by insufficient osteogenic capacity. Several lines of evidence suggested that solutions to enhance osteoblastogenesis were important strategies for osteoporotic bone defect repair. This study investigated the effect of combined treatment with vitamin K2 and PTH on bone formation in calvaria...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.012
更新日期：2019-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of ethylene glycol (EG) on serum marker enzymes, antioxidant defense systems and lipid peroxidation concentration (malondialdehyde=MDA) in various tissues of rats exposed to ethylene glycol. EG (1.25% or 2.5%) in drinking water was administered orally to rats (Spr...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2007.02.007
更新日期：2007-04-25 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we assessed the efficacy of the Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL®) Kit against parathion and aldicarb pesticide dermal exposure in a guinea pig model. The pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) leading to signs and symptoms of hyperactivity of organs due to accumulation of acetylcholin...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2020.108980
更新日期：2020-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug induced liver injury (DILI), a major cause of pre- and post-approval failure, is challenging to predict pre-clinically due to varied underlying direct and indirect mechanisms. Nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and Ritonavir, a protease inhibitor, are antiviral drugs that cause c...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2015.11.023
更新日期：2016-08-05 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper assesses the current knowledge of 1,3-butadiene as an atmospheric pollutant, considers measurement techniques and reviews available data on 1,3-butadiene monitoring and emissions estimates. Atmospheric chemistry, sources of emission, current legislation, measurement techniques and monitoring programmes for ...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0009-2797(01)00190-9
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organophosphate (OP) based pesticides are highly toxic compounds that are still widely used in agriculture around the world. According to World Health Organization (WHO) data, it is estimated that between 250,000 and 370,000 deaths occur yearly around the globe as a result of acute intoxications by pesticides. Current...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2016.05.034
更新日期：2016-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Pineal hormone melatonin is an important regulator of endocrine and circadian rhythms in vertebrates. Since liver is assumed to be the major organ in the metabolism of this indole hormone, we investigated the effect of the known Ah-receptor agonist, 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on melatonin metabolism i...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00153-8
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remain a major complication of drug therapy and can be classified as 'on-target' or 'off-target' (idiosyncratic) reactions. On-target reactions can be predicted from the known primary or secondary pharmacology of the drug and often represent an exaggeration of the pharmacological effect o...
journal_title：Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbi.2010.09.011
更新日期：2011-06-30 00:00:00
