Abstract:
:Family allowances designed to promote maternal and child health and welfare could be self-defeating if they stimulated otherwise unwanted births, as often assumed. That assumption, with its public health and demographic implications, needs testing. An attempt to test it was made in Chile in 1969--1970 through interviews with 945 wives receiving an allowance and 690 non-recipients. Recipients practiced contraception significantly more than did non-recipients. This was not explained by wives' educational attainment or employment, the couples' earnings, or number of living children, but was associated with a 50 per cent greater utilization of professional prenatal care by recipients during the most recent pregnancy; women with such care (regardless of allowance status) were 75 per cent more likely than others to control their fertility. Prenatal care was probably sought more by recipients in part because an additional stipend was provided as soon as pregnancy was confirmed, usually at clinics with integrated family planning. Greater family income, attributable to the allowance, probably also contributed to the recipients' better prenatal attention and to contraceptive practice. Noteworthy, too, was the finding that with the number of living children controlled, contraceptive practice was significantly greater amoung couples who had never lost a child.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Plank SJdoi
10.2105/ajph.68.10.989subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-10-01 00:00:00pages
989-94issue
10eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Marked diversity in policies and practices for discontinuation of the PKU diet in the U.S. was found in a nationwide survey. Seventy-two of the 78 identified clinical centers treating PKU provided data. No clinicians are currently considering diet discontinuation at ages earlier than their present policy or practice. ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.5.498
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association of life events and mental health impairment was studied in a community-based population of the elderly (n = 986). A crude estimate of the relative risk for mental health impairment given life events larger than or equal to 150 (as measured by the Schedule of Recent Events) was 2.14. A relative risk of ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.11.1174
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated the health profile of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults in North Carolina, the first state in the South to include a measure of sexual orientation identity in a probability-based statewide health survey. METHODS:Using data from 9876 respondents in the 2011 North Carolina Behavioral Ris...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301751
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the need for physician services among a group of institutionalized mentally retarded individuals in anticipation of their transfer to community residential facilities and subsequent management of their care by community-based physicians. The clients' personal physicians in the institution identifie...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.10.1202
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small, immigrant-owned businesses, such as auto repair shops and nail salons, often face barriers to environmental and occupational health compliance and may be a source of neighborhood pollution complaints. The Boston Public Health Commission established the Safe Shops Project to improve safety and environmental prac...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.176511
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined migration-related changes in smoking behavior in the transnational Mexican-origin population. METHODS:We combined epidemiological surveys from Mexico (Mexican National Comorbidity Survey) and the United States (Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys). We compared 4 groups with increasing...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300739
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to estimate the effects of recreational physical activity and back exercises on low back pain, related disability, and psychological distress among patients randomized to chiropractic or medical care in a managed care setting. METHODS:Low back pain patients (n=681) were randomized and followed for...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.052993
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the use of hearing health care services (hearing testing and hearing aids) by adults aged 21 to 84 years. METHODS:Hearing was tested and medical and hearing health histories were obtained as part of the Beaver Dam Offspring Study between 2005 and 2008 (n = 3285, mean age = 49 years). RESULTS:O...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301031
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study was designed to provide an empirical description, based on a review of visit audiotapes, of primary care practice with chronic-disease patients. METHODS:We analyzed 439 interactions between adult patients with chronic disease and 49 physicians. We explored the content, frequency, intensity, and d...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.7.979
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to identify circumstances in which biochemical assessments of smoking produce systematically higher or lower estimates of smoking than self-reports. A secondary aim was to evaluate different statistical approaches to analyzing variation in validity estimates. METHODS:Literature...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.7.1086
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We identified the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among homeless veterans and assessed the TBI-4, a screening tool created to identify TBI history. Between May 2010 and October 2011, 800 US veterans from two hospitals, one eastern (n = 122) and one western (n = 678) completed some or all measures. Findings ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301485
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Model State Emergency Health Powers Act became a contentious document in more than 30 states in 2001 and 2002. Controversy has focused on recommendations by the authors of the Model Act that seemed to accord higher priority to collective action in emergencies than to protecting privacy and property. This situation...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.3.397
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of Be the Exception, a newly developed program to delay onset of sexual behaviors, in a White, rural population. METHODS: A cluster randomized controlled trial in northwestern Indiana (14 schools, 1776 students, 2011-2015) compared an intervention (5 group sessions and multimedia ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303438
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve the health of people during imprisonment or in the year after release. We searched 14 biomedical and social science databases in 2014, and identified 95 studies. Most studies involved only men or a majority of men (70/83 studies in whi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302498
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subsidized rural clinics and providers have long depended on the rural hospital for the care of some of their patients; the hospital has also been a source of revenue for these providers and programs. We studied a representative national sample of 116 subsidized rural clinics, focusing on the impact on rural clinic co...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.7.749
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a mass diphtheria-tetanus immunization campaign in November 1975, more than 220,000 doses of diphtheria-tetanus toxoid, adult type were administered to adults throughout Alaska. In Anchorage, where more than 87,000 doses were given, a survey was conducted to determine the frequency of side effects. Postcard que...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.69.3.246
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The unusual resistance of the "unconventional viruses" to inactivation by the commonly used disinfectants has led to a high degree of apprehension regarding patients with any form of dementia. The rapid adaptation of a newly acquired isolate of the agent of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) to mice made possible this la...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.73.6.661
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1999, a cluster of encephalitis cases was detected in New York City. The city applied larvicide to standing water and aerially sprayed pesticides to control adult mosquitoes. The causative agent was West Nile virus, a type of encephalitis that had never before been transmitted in the western hemisphere. This experi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.8.1218
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A parasitic surveillance of farm workers of Puerto Rican background and their children revealed a high prevalence rate (35.5%) of parasites in this population. This high prevalence rate, however, was expected in view of the fact that other researchers have found a high degree of parasitosis in Puerto Rican populations...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.10.1103
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The HIV/AIDS epidemic has exacted a devastating toll upon Black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States, and there is a tremendous need to escalate HIV-prevention efforts for this population. The social context in which Black MSM experience the impact of racism and heterosexism strongly affects their risk...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.143214
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urban form, the law, and health are undoubtedly linked. However, nonlegal factors such as 20th-century reliance on the automobile as well as associated governmental actions and private investment choices have greatly influenced urban form, especially urban sprawl. The American system of federalism, with its traditiona...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.9.1395
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated sociodemographic disparities in alcohol environments and their relationship with adolescent drinking. METHODS:We geocoded and mapped alcohol license data with ArcMap to construct circular buffers centered at 14 595 households with children that participated in the California Health Interview...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.122077
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the prevalence of depressive, anxiety, and substance use disorders among Latinos residing in the United States. METHODS:We used data from the National Latino and Asian American Study, which included a nationally representative sample of Latinos. We calculated weighted prevalence rates of lifetim...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.087205
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nutritional status of three and four year old children, as measured by height and head circumference, is related to cognitive performance in four rural Guatemalan villages. The relationships persist when social factors are taken into account. Families in two of the villages participate in a voluntary, high protein...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.67.3.233
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess potential reductions in premature mortality that could have been achieved in 2008 to 2012 if the minimum wage had been $15 per hour in New York City. METHODS:Using the 2008 to 2012 American Community Survey, we performed simulations to assess how the proportion of low-income residents in each neig...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303188
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated the effectiveness of child restraints in preventing death during motor vehicle collisions among children 3 years or younger. METHODS:We conducted a matched cohort study using Fatality Analysis Reporting System data from 1996 to 2005. We estimated death risk ratios using conditional Poisson regr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.131128
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study describes the costs and outcomes of community-based tuberculin screening programs conducted between 1987 and 1991 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. METHODS:Follow-up information was abstracted from hospital records of all reactors detected in tuberculin screening of students in grades 6 and 10, of fir...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.6.786
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the relative utility of the Social Security Administration and National Death Index as sources of mortality data, the vital status of 12,866 participants in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial was identified from these sources and compared to the known mortality experience. The SSA correctly identi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.73.11.1270
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We assessed the quality of hospital care for women who underwent a hysterectomy to compare Medicaid-covered women with privately insured women and minority women with White women. METHODS:We evaluated medical decisions, inpatient care, quality of inpatient care, and outcomes. RESULTS:Quality of hospital car...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.8.1399
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The humanitarian crisis revealed as a result of Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico demonstrates a long history of US colonial neglect and human rights violations. This reality has made it especially difficult for the people of Puerto Rico to achieve their right to the highest attainable standard of health.The impacts are ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305814
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00