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Subjective assessment and cardiovascular response to ischemic pain in young, healthy women users and non-users of oral contraceptives.

Abstract：

:Due to the fact that oral contraceptives (OCs) can alter the pain threshold and since evidence of possible concomitant changes in the cardiovascular response to pain is still missing, an investigation of the response of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and systolic time interval (STI) to ischemic pain in OC users and nonusers was conducted. The objective was to explore also the existence of correlations, if any, between subjective and hemodynamic responses. 26 women students volunteered for the study. 12 of the women used a combination of estrogen-progestogen OCs (users) and 14 did not (nonusers). The women were healthy and of similar height, weight, age, and strength. 4 users and 3 nonusers smoked cigarettes. Ischemic pain was induced by blanching the dominant arm with an Esmarck bandage, inflating an upper arm cuff at 250 torr, and having the subject exercise the ischemic hand by pulling the ergometer springload of 5.4 kg 15 times in 75 seconds according to a rigid time schedule. Following the exercise, pain levels were estimated by the subjects on a numbered visual scale in color. The 2 groups differed statistically in cardiovascular variables. At rest the users had higher HR and shorter preejection period (PEP) than the nonusers. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test showed no difference between users and nonusers as to the intensity of perceived pain. In the user group a significant positive correlation between pain and preejection period time index (PEPI) and the PEP/LVET (left ventrical ejection time) ratio was observed. These correlations were not significant in the nonusers. Both hypertension and heart disease occur more often in OC users than in nonusers. In the sample the 2 groups were not distinguished at rest by differences in BP, but they did differ in the cardiac variables of HR and PEP. Users had more rapid HR and shorter PEP than the nonusers, implying a comparatively more active cardiac state.

journal_name

J Psychosom Res

journal_title

Journal of psychosomatic research

authors

Stein EJ,Dauchot PJ,Gravenstein JS

doi

10.1016/0022-3999(81)90113-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1981-01-01 00:00:00

pages

579-85

issue

eissn

0022-3999

issn

1879-1360

journal_volume

pub_type

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Subjective assessment and cardiovascular response to ischemic pain in young, healthy women users and non-users of oral contraceptives.