Effect of clindamycin prophylaxis on the colonic microflora in patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

abstract：:Recently, the first Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain (H041) highly resistant to the expanded-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) ceftriaxone and cefixime, which are the last remaining options for first-line gonorrhea treatment, was isolated in Japan. Here, we confirm and characterize a second strain (F89) with high-level cefix...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Unemo M,Golparian D,Nicholas R,Ohnishi M,Gallay A,Sednaoui P

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics with central excitatory side effects. These adverse effects presumably result from inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) binding to GABA(A) receptors. This GABA antagonistic effect is greatly potentiated by the active metabolite of fenbufen, biphenylacetic acid (BPAA). Neverthel...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Smolders I,Gousseau C,Marchand S,Couet W,Ebinger G,Michotte Y

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rapid method for the detection of methicillin resistance in staphylococci was developed. The method was based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and primers that targeted the internal region of the coding frame of the mec gene. The amplification reaction was carried out with crude cell lysates as a source of tar...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Predari SC,Ligozzi M,Fontana R

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate CY-1, which was resistant to ceftazidime, harbored a conjugative ca. 250-kb plasmid that contained a class 1 integron with two gene cassettes encoding OXA-32, an OXA-2- type beta-lactamase, and the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')Ib(9). OXA-32 differed from OXA-2 by an L...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Poirel L,Gerome P,De Champs C,Stephanazzi J,Naas T,Nordmann P

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Meropenem is a broad-spectrum carbapenem antibacterial agent. In order to optimize levels in plasma relative to the MICs, the ideal dose level and dosage regimen need to be determined. The pharmacokinetics of meropenem were studied in two groups, each comprising eight healthy volunteers who received the following dose...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Krueger WA,Bulitta J,Kinzig-Schippers M,Landersdorfer C,Holzgrabe U,Naber KG,Drusano GL,Sörgel F

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacillus subtilis strain 168 produces the extremely stable and broad-spectrum lantibiotic sublancin 168. Known sublancin 168-susceptible organisms include important pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Nevertheless, since its discovery, the mode of action of sublancin 168 has remained elusive. The present studies...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Kouwen TR,Trip EN,Denham EL,Sibbald MJ,Dubois JY,van Dijl JM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gentamicin entrapped within stable multilamellar liposomes was used to treat mice after they were infected per os with Salmonella dublin. Of 10 mice, 8 survived after a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of 2 mg of gentamicin liposomes per kg compared with 0 of 10 treated with the same amount of free gentamicin. All ...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Fierer J,Hatlen L,Lin JP,Estrella D,Mihalko P,Yau-Young A

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior investigations have suggested the use of a dosing weight correction factor of ideal body weight (IBW) plus 40% excess body weight (EBW, where EBW = total body weight [TBW] - IBW) to determine the weight to use for aminoglycoside dosing in morbidly obese (TBW/IBW ratio, > 2) patients. Little data are available to...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Traynor AM,Nafziger AN,Bertino JS Jr

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The quinone antibiotic streptonigrin is believed to kill bacteria by promoting formation of oxygen radicals. This antibiotic has also been used to select resistant bacterial mutants, some of which vary in iron utilization. We examined the effects of streptonigrin on Neisseria gonorrhoeae and several types of gonococca...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Cohen MS,Chai Y,Britigan BE,McKenna W,Adams J,Svendsen T,Bean K,Hassett DJ,Sparling PF

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) were investigated in rhesus monkeys after subcutaneous administration of 33.3 mg of AZT per kg of body weight alone or in the presence of 100 mg of probenecid per kg. In addition to unchanged drug, two catabolites, 5'-O-glucuronide (GAZT) and 3'-a...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Cretton EM,Schinazi RF,McClure HM,Anderson DC,Sommadossi JP

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the contribution of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) to the secretory transport of grepafloxacin and compared its functional role with that of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) by using Sprague-Dawley rats (SDRs) and Eisai hyperbilirubinemic rats (EHBRs), in which MRP2 is hereditarily defective. In...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Naruhashi K,Tamai I,Inoue N,Muraoka H,Sai Y,Suzuki N,Tsuji A

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effervescent lozenges containing 10 mg of zinc acetate were evaluated as a treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in a double-blind randomized trial by using a placebo which was indistinguishable to most observers in taste and appearance from the active material. Of the 70 treatment courses used by 55 individ...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Douglas RM,Miles HB,Moore BW,Ryan P,Pinnock CB

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mortality rate associated with Vibrio vulnificus sepsis remains high. An in vitro time-kill assay revealed synergism between tigecycline and ciprofloxacin. The survival rate was significantly higher in mice treated with tigecycline plus ciprofloxacin than in mice treated with cefotaxime plus minocycline. Thus, com...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Kim SE,Kim HK,Choi SM,Yu Y,Kim UJ,Darboe KS,Kang SJ,Park KH,Kang G,Kim YR,Rhee JH,Jung SI,Jang HC

更新日期：2019-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Oral administration of 2'-deoxy-3'-oxa-4'-thiocytidine (BCH-10652), a nucleoside analog structurally similar to lamivudine (3TC), caused dose-dependent inhibition of viral replication in SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 NL4-3 and with an NL4-3 clone containing the M184V mutation i...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Stoddart CA,Moreno ME,Linquist-Stepps VD,Bare C,Bogan MR,Gobbi A,Buckheit RW Jr,Bedard J,Rando RF,McCune JM

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxoplasma gondii enters host cells via an active, self-driven process to fulfill its need for intracellular replication and survival. Successful host cell invasion is governed by sequential release of secretory proteins from three specialized organelles, including the micronemes, which contribute adhesive proteins ne...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Teo CF,Zhou XW,Bogyo M,Carruthers VB

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three sizes of inserted regions of DNA (800, 1,000, and 1,500 bp) were shown to be common among class I integrons in unrelated clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from different European hospitals. Sequencing showed that 800-bp inserted regions comprised identical sequences including aacA4, that 1,000-bp inserted ...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Martinez-Freijo P,Fluit AC,Schmitz FJ,Verhoef J,Jones ME

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a self-transmissible IncL/M plasmid, pKOI-34, from a Klebsiella oxytoca isolate. pKOI-34 possessed the core structure of an IncL/M plasmid found in Erwinia amylovora, pEL60, with two mobile elements inserted, a transposon carrying the arsenic resistance operon and a Tn...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Shimada N,Kayama S,Shigemoto N,Hisatsune J,Kuwahara R,Nishio H,Yamasaki K,Wada Y,Sueda T,Ohge H,Sugai M

更新日期：2016-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Cefamandole has a broader spectrum and greater potency than the other cephalosporins. It includes Haemophilus influenzae, most strains of Enterobacter, and many strains of indole-positive Proteus and Bacteroides, with a lower minimal inhibitory concentration for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, etc. Concentrations of dru...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Griffith RS,Black HR,Brier GL,Wolny JD

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most antibiotics are known to be incapable of killing nongrowing or slowly growing bacteria with few exceptions. Bacterial cell division is inhibited during the postantibiotic phase (PA phase) after short exposure to antibiotics. Only scarce and conflicting data are available concerning the ability of antibiotics to k...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Odenholt I,Löwdin E,Cars O

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enterococci are intrinsically resistant to low levels of aminoglycosides. We previously selected in vitro and in vivo Enterococcus faecalis with intermediate-level resistance to gentamicin that did not abolish synergism with a cell-wall-active agent (E. Aslangul et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49:4144-4148, 2005...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Aslangul E,Massias L,Meulemans A,Chau F,Andremont A,Courvalin P,Fantin B,Ruimy R

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We developed a multiplex PCR assay capable of identifying two capsular polysaccharide synthesis sequence types (sequence type 258 [ST258] cps-1 and cps-2) in epidemic Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 strains. The assay performed with excellent sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%) for identifying cps types in 60 ST258 ...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Chen L,Chavda KD,Findlay J,Peirano G,Hopkins K,Pitout JD,Bonomo RA,Woodford N,DeLeo FR,Kreiswirth BN

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical isolates of Gardnerella vaginalis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Bacteroides spp., and Mobiluncus spp. were screened for resistance to tetracycline and for the presence of the streptococcal tetM determinant. The S. agalactiae and G. vaginalis strains contained DNA sequences homologous to the tetM determinant, whi...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Roberts MC,Hillier SL,Hale J,Holmes KK,Kenny GE

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 100 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with various penicillin G susceptibilities, isolated in Barcelona, Spain, from different pediatric sources during 1983 and the first 4 months of 1984, were tested for susceptibility to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, clindamycin, vancomycin, and rifampin. Th...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Latorre C,Juncosa T,Sanfeliu I

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribavirin 5'-triphosphate (RTP), derived from the broad-spectrum antiviral compound ribavirin (Virazole), can selectively inhibit influenza virus ribonucleic acid polymerase in a cell-free assay. Ribavirin and its 5'-monophosphate have no effect on the polymerase. The inhibition is competitive with respect to adenosin...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Eriksson B,Helgstrand E,Johansson NG,Larsson A,Misiorny A,Norén JO,Philipson L,Stenberg K,Stening G,Stridh S,Oberg B

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating data have brought the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NNRTIs) into the forefront of antiretroviral therapy. Among the emerging compounds in this class, a particularly attractive one is efavirenz (Sustiva), recently approved for clinical use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Maga G,Ubiali D,Salvetti R,Pregnolato M,Spadari S

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:9-Deoxy-Delta(9),Delta(12)-13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin D(2) (Delta(12)-PGJ(2)), a natural cyclopentenone metabolite of prostaglandin D(2), is shown to possess therapeutic efficacy against influenza A virus A/PR8/34 (H1N1) infection in vitro and in vivo. The results indicate that the antiviral activity is associated wi...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Pica F,Palamara AT,Rossi A,De Marco A,Amici C,Santoro MG

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies on tetracycline transport into Staphylococcus aureus identified a high-affinity, saturable uptake system for the antibiotic (Km, 4.76 microM) (B.L. Hutchings, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 174:734-738, 1969). However, the earlier results could not be confirmed using conditions that permitted energy-dependent...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Chopra I,Ismail S,Oliva B

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases were screened for qnrA and qnrB genes. QnrB was present in 54 of 54 DHA-1-producing K. pneumoniae isolates and 10 of 45 SHV-12-producing ones, suggesting that the distrib...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Pai H,Seo MR,Choi TY

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, known for its intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance, has a notorious ability to form biofilms, which often facilitate chronic infections. The evolutionary paths to antibiotic resistance have mainly been investigated in planktonic cultures and are ...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Ahmed MN,Porse A,Sommer MOA,Høiby N,Ciofu O

更新日期：2018-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin, a new quinolone antibiotic, to the activities of levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, trovafloxacin, erythromycin, and doxycycline against 20 isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae. Gemifloxacin was the most active quinolone tested, with a MIC at which 90% of the isolates are inhibi...

journal_title：Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

authors： Roblin PM,Reznik T,Kutlin A,Hammerschlag MR

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00