Abstract:
:The pharmacokinetics of azlocillin were investigated in five healthy subjects and in 16 subjects with chronic renal failure. After intravenous bolus injection of a single dose of 30 mg/kg in normal subjects, pharmacokinetic data were calculated, using a two-compartment open body model. The mean distribution serum half-life (T(1/2alpha)) was 0.11 h, and the mean elimination serum half-life (T(1/2beta)) was 0.89 h. The volume of the central compartment (V(C)) was 7.36 liters/1.73 m(2), and the apparent volume of distribution (V(dss)) was 14.15 liters/1.73 m(2), i.e., 21.9% of body weight. The T(1/2beta) after a 30-min intravenous infusion of 80 mg/kg to the same healthy subjects was 1.11 h. Serum clearances (C(S)) for the 30- and 80-mg/kg doses were 215.0 and 152.9 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). The mean renal clearances (C(R)) were 145.2 and 94.1 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) for the respective doses. Between 61.8 and 69.6% of the injected dose was recovered in urine during the first 24 h. The elimination half-life in subjects with chronic renal impairment increased with the degree of renal insufficiency. After a 30-min intravenous infusion of 80 mg/kg the T(1/2beta) values were 2.03, 4.01, and 5.66 h with creatinine clearances (C(cr)) within 30 to 50, 10 to 30, and <10 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), respectively. Urinary elimination was inversely related to the degree of renal impairment. In four patients out of and on a 6-h hemodialysis session mean elimination half-life values were 6.53 and 2.81 h, respectively. The fraction of drug removed by dialysis was 45.8%. The linear relationships between the elimination of half-life (T(1/2beta)) and serum creatinine and the elimination rate constant (beta) and creatinine clearance (C(cr)) provided a basis for adjustment of dosage in renal failure.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Leroy A,Humbert G,Godin M,Fillastre JPdoi
10.1128/aac.17.3.344subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-03-01 00:00:00pages
344-9issue
3eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The treatment of dermatophytoses, including onychomycosis, has come a long way over the past few decades with the introduction of oral antifungals (e.g., terbinafine and itraconazole). However, with these advancements in oral therapies come several undesirable effects, such as kidney and liver toxicity, along with dru...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.03073-15
更新日期:2016-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::High-dose clindamycin (CLDM) and benzylpenicillin (PCG) are the recommended chemotherapeutic remedies for toxic shock-like syndrome caused by group A streptococci. One reason for this is that it has been shown that CLDM suppresses the expression of some exoproteins, e.g., SpeB, SpeA, and streptolysin O (Slo). We analy...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.1.88-96.2005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In enterobacteria, the ampG gene encodes a transmembrane protein (permease) that transports 1,6-GlcNAc-anhydro-MurNAc and the 1,6-GlcNAc-anhydro-MurNAc peptide from the periplasm to the cytoplasm, which serve as signal molecules for the induction of ampC β-lactamase. The role of AmpG as a transporter is also essential...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00009-10
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A vancomycin-resistant, anaerobic, gram-positive coccus containing the vanD and vanG-like genes (strain CCRI-16110) was isolated from a human fecal specimen during a hospital surveillance program to detect carriers of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CCRI-16110 with ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00584-07
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Imipenem-cilastatin concentrations in bile were measured in 12 cholecystectomy patients (group 1) and 12 patients with common duct drainage (group 2). Six patients in each group received 0.5 g, and six received 1.0 g intravenously over 30 to 60 min. In group 1, bile was collected a mean of 85 min postinfusion. The mea...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.31.11.1718
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrazinamide (PZA) has important sterilizing activity in tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy. We describe trends, risk factors, and molecular epidemiology associated with PZA-resistant (PZA(r)) Mycobacterium tuberculosis in New York City (NYC). From 2001 to 2008, all incident culture-positive TB cases reported by the NYC D...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00764-15
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed prophylactic or continuous therapy of isavuconazole, posaconazole, or voriconazole in treating pulmonary murine mucormycosis. In the prophylaxis studies, only isavuconazole treatment resulted in significantly improved survival and lowered tissue fungal burden of immunosuppressed mice infected with Rhizopus...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02589-16
更新日期:2017-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the incidence and type of side effects of minocycline in a double-blind study. A total of 45 volunteers (18 men and 27 women) were given minocycline, and 44 volunteers (23 men and 21 women) were given placebo. The men in both the minocycline and placebo groups were significantly (P < 0.0001) larger than the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.11.4.712
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pore-forming microcin E492 was purified by solid-phase extraction and reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Its molecular mass was 7,886 Da. The entire 84-amino-acid sequence was determined. There is no postranslational modification in the secreted microcin, and the sequence has homologies with the s...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.1.229-230.2002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighty-nine clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus that were resistant to both ciprofloxacin (MIC, greater than or equal to 3.13 micrograms/ml) and methicillin (MIC, greater than or equal to 12.5 micrograms/ml) were divided into two groups with respect to their susceptibilities to AT-4140. Most isolates that were ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.6.1123
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated MEDI8852, a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds a highly conserved influenza A hemagglutinin stalk epitope, in outpatients with uncomplicated influenza A infection. A total of 126 subjects aged 18 to 65 years were enrolled during the 2015 to 2016 Northern and 2016 Southern Hemisphere seasons. Subjec...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.00694-18
更新日期:2018-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::We collected 1,353 strains of beta-hemolytic streptococci of groups A, B, C, and G (1,176 strains of which were group A) isolated in 26 institutions throughout Japan in 1972-1974. The strains were grouped and T-typed by our specific group-and T-factor sera, and the minimal inhibitory concentrations of 10 antibiotics w...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.13.3.399
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acanthamoeba spp. are the causative agents of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), which mainly occurs in contact lens wearers, and of skin lesions, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE), and disseminating diseases in the immunocompromised host. AK therapy is complex and irritating for the eye, skin lesions are difficult t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00715-07
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the penetration of doripenem administered intravenously into the rabbit aqueous and vitreous humors. Nineteen New Zealand White rabbits received a 20-mg dose of doripenem intravenously over 60 min. Specimens of aqueous humor, vitreous humor, and blood were obtained 30 min (n = 5)...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.06329-11
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of the lethal action of metronidazole and the formation of acetamide have been studied in a strain of Bacteroides fragilis which is relatively resistant to metronidazole. As with a susceptible strain of B. fragilis, the data are consistent with a model in which a labile intermediate in metronidazole metab...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.21.1.131
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antagonism of antibiotic activity by peritoneal dialysate has been postulated to be a cause of failure of treatment of peritonitis complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. We evaluated by a case-control study whether unexpected treatment failure could be attributed to such antagonism. Bacteria isolated ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.5.1097
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ceftobiprole (formerly BAL9141), the active component of the prodrug BAL5788 (ceftobiprole medocaril), is a novel cephalosporin with expanded activity against gram-positive bacteria. Among 152 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, including 5 vancomycin-intermediate and 2 vancomycin-resistant strains, MIC(50) and MIC(90) va...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.10.4210-4219.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minimal inhibitory concentrations of carbenicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, gentamicin, tobramycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were determined for rough, smooth, and mucoid Pseudomonas sp. isolates from sputa collected from 40 cystic fibrosis patients. Ninety-four percent of the minimal inhibitory concen...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.15.3.494
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae strains of serogroups O1 and O139, the causative agents of the diarrheal illness cholera, express a single polar flagellum powered by sodium motive force and require motility to colonize and spread along the small intestine. In a previous study, we described a high-throughput assay for screening for sm...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00473-13
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The susceptibilities of Streptococcus pneumoniae (1,476 strains) and untypeable Haemophilus influenzae (1,676 strains) to various oral beta-lactam, macrolide-azalide, and fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents were determined by broth microdilution. Organisms were isolated from specimens obtained from outpatients in six...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.8.1901
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The novel 6-substituted acyclouridine derivatives 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-phenylthiothymine (HEPT), 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(3-methylphenylthio)thymine (HEPT-M), 6-cyclohexylthio-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]thymine (HEPT-H), and 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-phenylthio-2- thiothymine (HEPT-S) have proved t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.12.2358
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the nucleotide sequence of a 6-kb DNA region harboring the recF, orf192, gyrB, and gyrA genes from Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155. The amino acid sequences deduced from gyrA and gyrB displayed 89 and 86% identity, respectively, with the DNA gyrase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and 67 and 65% identit...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.9.2054
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have evaluated the clinical potential of TXU (anti-CD7)-pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) immunoconjugate (TXU-PAP) as a new biotherapeutic anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) agent by evaluating its anti-HIV type 1 (anti-HIV-1) activity in vitro, as well as in a surrogate human peripheral blood lymphocyte-...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolonged antimicrobial therapy is recommended for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bone and joint infections (BJI), but its safety profile and risk factors for severe adverse events (SAE) in clinical practice are unknown. We addressed these issues in a retrospective cohort study (2001 to 2011) ana...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02032-13
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sch 22591 (5-episisomicin), gentamicin, sisomicin, and tobramycin were compared for their ability to protect mice from lethal intraperitoneal challenge with 12 Pseudomonas strains, all susceptible to each of the aminoglycosides (minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations were =6.2 mug/...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.14.6.824
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleoprotein (NP) binds the viral RNA genome and associates with the polymerase in a ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP) required for transcription and replication of influenza A virus. NP has no cellular counterpart, and the NP sequence is highly conserved, which led to considering NP a hot target in the search for ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02335-12
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 13-residue dermaseptin S4 derivative K(4)S4(1-13)a (P) was previously shown to kill intraerythrocytic malaria parasites through the lysis of the host cells. In this study, we have sought peptides that will kill the parasite without lysing the erythrocyte. To produce such peptides, 26 compounds of variable structur...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.4.1059-1066.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the variability of the voriconazole plasma level and its relationships with clinical outcomes and adverse events among liver transplant recipients to optimize the efficacy and safety of their treatment. Liver transplant recipients treated with voriconazole were included, and vo...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01211-17
更新日期:2017-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::beta-Lactamase was purified from a strain of Legionella gormanii. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was 25,000, and its isoelectric point was 10.5. The enzyme hydrolyzed oxyiminocephalosporins, cephamycins, penicillins, and imipenem. The enzyme activity was inhibited by EDTA, Hg2+, and Cu2+, but not by clavu...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.29.5.925
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minibacterium massiliensis strain CIP107820 is a recently discovered waterborne Gram-negative rod isolated from hospital water samples. It harbors a chromosomally located gene encoding an Ambler class A extended-spectrum β-lactamase termed MIN-1, sharing 56%, 54%, and 51% amino acid identities with β-lactamases LUT-1,...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.06401-11
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00