Abstract：
:We compared the reduction in running velocities from road to off-road terrain in eight elite and eight amateur male orienteer athletes to investigate whether this factor differentiates elite from amateur athletes. On two separate days, each subject ran three 2-km time trials and three 20-m sprints "all-out" on a road, on a path, and in a forest. On a third day, the running economy and maximal aerobic power of individuals were assessed on a treadmill. The elite orienteer ran faster than the amateur on all three surfaces and at both distances, in line with their better running economy and aerobic power. In the forest, the elites ran at a slightly higher percentage of their 2-km (∼3%) and 20-m (∼4%) road velocities. Although these differences did not exhibit traditional statistical significance, magnitude-based inferences suggested likely meaningful differences, particularly during 20-m sprinting. Of course, cognitive, mental, and physical attributes other than the ability to run on different surfaces are required for excellence in orienteering (e.g., a high aerobic power). However, we suggest that athlete-specific assessment of running performance on various surfaces and distances might assist in tailoring training and identifying individual strengths and/or weaknesses in an orienteer.
journal_name
Scand J Med Sci Sportsjournal_title
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sportsauthors
Hébert-Losier K,Jensen K,Mourot L,Holmberg HCdoi
10.1111/sms.12224subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-01 00:00:00pages
e448-455issue
6eissn
0905-7188issn
1600-0838journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study examined the association of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) with the risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA). METHODS:A total of 10 427 subjects from the general working population in Denmark answered questions about physical activity habits, health and work environment in the 2010 Danish...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13629
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood passport has been suggested as an indirect tool to detect various kinds of blood manipulations. Autologous blood transfusions are currently undetectable, and the objective of this study was to examine the sensitivities of different blood markers and blood passport approaches in order to determine the best approa...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01033.x
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of contract-relax stretching (CRS) vs static stretching (SS) on strength loss and the length-tension relationship. We hypothesized that there would be a greater muscle length-specific effect of CRS vs SS. Isometric hamstring strength was measured in 20 healt...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/sms.12399
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Considering their potential relevance for low-back pain, we investigated trunk muscle strength, sagittal lumbo-pelvic alignment while standing and lumbo-pelvic ratio during trunk flexion in adolescent athletes with regard to the effects of age and sex. Twenty-two early adolescent (EA: 13-15 years, 10 females) and 28 l...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13503
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this article was to introduce the reader to the nature of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and pitfalls in their use. PROMs collect subjective information directly from the patient regarding specific or general conditions and add to clinical and functional outcomes, and turn unmeasurable subjec...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13892
更新日期：2020-11-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of Nordic Walking (NW) as a rehabilitation modality has increased considerably. NW (walking with poles) is advocated as a healthy physical activity that reduces the load on the knees. Few studies using the techniques of NW exist, and the findings are contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate whet...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00699.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although exercise exerts multiple beneficial health effects, it may also damage cellular structures. Damaged elements are continuously degraded and its constituents recycled to produce renovated structures through a process called autophagy, which is essential for the adaptation to training. Autophagy is particularly ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/sms.12945
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Musculoskeletal injuries represent an adverse event of strenuous physical activity. The aim of the present study was to identify pretraining factors that may predispose to such injuries. Risks of injury according to age, body composition, previous physical activity, physical fitness, use of smokeless tobacco (moist sn...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00158.x
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between hamstring flexibility and knee flexion angle-torque relationship. Hamstring flexibility was assessed in 20 subjects (10 men, 10 women) using the straight leg raise (SLR) and active knee extension (AKE) tests. Isometric knee flexion strength was measured...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00792.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute acetaminophen (ACT) ingestion has been reported to reduce thermal strain during cycling in the heat. In this study, nine active participants ingested 20 mg of ACT per kg of total body mass (ACT) or a placebo (PLA), 60 min prior to cycling at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (ACT: 8.3 ± 0.3 W/kg; PLA: 8....
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/sms.12336
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:'Flexibility' tests are traditionally performed voluntarily-relaxed by rotating a joint slowly, however functional activities are performed rapidly with voluntary/reflexive muscle activity. Here we describe the reliabilities and differences in maximum ankle range of motion (ROMmax ) and plantar flexor mechanical prope...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13920
更新日期：2021-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The return to play (RTP) process may occur during longitudinal studies tracking recovery after concussion. This factor, which is often omitted within statistical designs, could affect the fit and overall interpretation of the statistical model. This article demonstrates the difference in results and interpretation bet...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13239
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of this study were to describe the level of exercise during pregnancy and to assess factors associated with regular exercise. Using data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 34 508 pregnancies were included in the present study. Data were coll...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00840.x
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To develop, assess the feasibility of, and determine the clinical validity of an event-based analysis method using wearable monitors to quantify walking pain manifestations (WPMs) and stops induced by walking pain (SIWPs) during daily life walking in people with peripheral artery disease (PAD). METHODS:The fol...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13511
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate whether electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on dominant wrist flexors causes an increase in the muscle strength of the contralateral wrist extensors. Twenty-three healthy, young, adult men were included in this prospective, double-blind, controlled study. Participants were randoml...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01311.x
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purposes of this study were to demonstrate the transition of heart rate variability (HRV) during trials in the field and to examine the relationship between peak frequency of high-frequency band (HF) and stride frequency. Ten healthy long-distance college female runners (age 19-21 years) performed a 3000 m realist...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.00492.x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study was a two-armed, parallel group, cluster randomized controlled trial in which 15 teams (160 players) were assigned to either an experimental group (EG, 8 teams n = 86), which warmed-up with bodyweight neuromuscular exercises, or a control group (CG, 7 teams, n = 74) that performed standard tactical-technical...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/sms.13034
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanical loading of the Achilles tendon during isolated eccentric contractions could induce immediate and region-dependent changes in mechanical properties. Three-dimensional ultrasound was used to examine the immediate effect of isolated eccentric exercise on the mechanical properties of the distal (free tendon) an...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12466
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:preprofessional dance training starts at very early ages, on a highly demanding environment placing students at significant risk for injury. Injury management and prevention are a matter of concern. Given the constant interchangeability of risk factors, identifying injury patterns may prove to be equally a...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13382
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have evaluated the results after rehabilitation and compared this to inferior capsular shift in patients with multidirectional hyperlaxity (MDH). The patients (n=35) experienced either instability and/or pain. We divided the patients into two groups: one group (group A) included patients with MDH and only pain but ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.1998.tb00462.x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Different types of exercise are characterized by the ability to induce specific physiological stimuli that might be able to induce the mobilization of progenitor cells. The aim of the current study was to investigate the mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in r...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12320
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overarm movements are essential skills in many different sport games; however, the adaptations to different sports are not well understood. The aim of the study was to analyze upper-body kinematics in the team-handball throw, tennis serve, and volleyball spike, and to calculate differences in the proximal-to-distal se...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01503.x
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of elevated homocysteine (Hcy) as a risk marker for cardiovascular disease is continuously under debate. Lifestyle factors may increase the total Hcy (tHcy) level of the plasma, but there are no consistent findings relating to Hcy, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Cross-sectional measur...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00674.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inconsistencies in community size effects found between and within countries (Baker et al Eur J Sport Sci. 2009;9:329-339; Bruner et al J Sports Sci. 2011;29:1337-1344; Wattie et al J Sports Sci. 2018;36:436-444) suggest population size may not be an accurate predictor of athlete development and that other proxies of ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13247
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abdominal muscle recruitment strategies in response to a postural perturbation contradict the theory that the deeper abdominal muscles are always recruited in advance of the more superficial muscles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether such contrasting muscle recruitment patterns are due to the postural...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01394.x
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated how one bout (1EX) and three bouts (3EX) of strenuous resistance exercise affected the cross-sectional area (CSA) and water content (WC) of the quadriceps muscle and patella tendon (PT), 4 h and 52 h after the last exercise bout. Ten healthy untrained male subjects performed 1EX with one leg an...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/sms.12160
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Running-related injuries remain problematic among recreational runners. We evaluated the association between having sustained a recent running-related injury and speed, and the strike index (a measure of footstrike pattern, SI) and spatiotemporal parameters of running. Forty-four previously injured and 46 previously u...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12397
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute adductor injuries account for the majority of acute groin injuries; however, little is known about specific injury characteristics, which could be important for the understanding of etiology and management of these injuries. The study aim was to describe acute adductor injuries in athletes using magnetic resonan...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12936
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of stress fracture (SF) incidence are limited in number and geographical location; this study determined the incidence of SF injury in female endurance athletes based in the United Kingdom. A total of 70 athletes aged between 18 and 45 years were recruited and prospectively monitored for 12 months. Questionnai...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12453
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single bout of high-intensity exercise can augment off-line gains in skills acquired during motor practice. It is currently unknown if the type of physical exercise influences the effect on motor skill consolidation. This study investigated the effect of three types of high-intensity exercise following visuomotor sk...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/sms.12791
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
