Abstract:
:Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga spp. are gram-negative bacteria implicated in the etiology of periodontal disease (particularly in individuals with neutrophil defects) and life-threatening systemic infections. They are resistant to many antibiotics of microbial origin but are sensitive to the nonoxidative microbicidal action of neutrophils. These organisms are susceptible to the microbicidal effect of cathepsin G but are killed by two distinct mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to assess their sensitivity to the antibiotic effects of IIGGR and HPQYNQR, antimicrobial peptides derived from human neutrophil cathepsin G. The efficacies of the synthetic peptides IIGGR and HPQYNQR were tested by single-dose screening, dose-response, and kinetic assays against three representative strains (each) of A. actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga spp. and one strain of Eikenella corrodens. Strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans were sensitive to IIGGR and HPQYNQR at equal concentrations (wt/vol), whereas strains of Capnocytophaga and E. corrodens were more sensitive to IIGGR than to HPQYNQR. These differential antibiotic effects occurred over both time and dose ranges too narrow to be of therapeutic significance but are consistent with the premise that cathepsin G kills these oral bacteria by two distinct mechanisms. Except for IVGGR, congeners of IIGGR, including AIGGR, IAGGR, IIAGR, IIGAR, IIGGA, IQGGR, ILGGR, and I-norleucyl-GGR (InLGGR), were microbicidal at 500 micrograms/ml. IIGGR-amide exhibited no antibiotic activity. The D-enantiomer of IIGGR, DIDIGGDR, was as potent as IIGGR itself. APQYNQR exhibited antibiotic activity but somewhat less than HPQYNQR. We conclude that charge distribution, but not chirality or net charge, is an important determinant in the antibiotic efficacy of IIGGR. Moreover, peptide antibiotics derived from cathepsin G may have therapeutic value against periodontal gram-negative, facultative bacteria.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Miyasaki KT,Bodeau AL,Pohl J,Shafer WMdoi
10.1128/aac.37.12.2710subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-12-01 00:00:00pages
2710-5issue
12eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We evaluated the in vitro activity of piperacillin alone or in combination with the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam against clinical isolates of Legionella species. At an inoculum of approximately 10(4) CFU, tazobactam, piperacillin, and the 8:1 combination had equivalent activities against Legionella spp. At an a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.38.1.144
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abstract::An unusual In0-like class 1 integron containing a common region that includes the putative recombinase gene named orf513 (CR1) and bla(CTX-M-2) was characterized from Escherichia coli. The integron contained an unusual gene cassette array, estX-aadA1, embedded between the 5'-conserved segment (5'-CS) and 3'-CS1 region...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/AAC.00497-17
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/aac.31.3.430
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.6.3.320
更新日期:1974-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiology of the two common erythromycin resistance methylase (erm) genes ermA and ermC was analyzed by Southern blotting in 428 erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from blood between 1959 and 1988 in Denmark. ermA and/or ermC was present in 98% of the erythromycin-resistant strains te...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.2.369
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.50.3.1067-1070.2006
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antimicrobial activity of CP-62,993 against four Chlamydia trachomatis isolates was compared with those of erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. The MIC of CP-62,993 was 0.26 to 1.02 micrograms/ml for 100% inclusion inhibition and 0.031 to 0.063 microgram/ml for 50% inclusion inhibition. With pharmacokineti...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.31.5.811
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.2.262
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.1.398-405.2005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While most Staphylococcus aureus telithromycin-resistant mutants isolated in this study possessed duplications within rplV (encoding ribosomal protein L22), four isolates possessed insertions within rplV that were identical to a portion of the gene rplB (encoding ribosomal protein L2). This novel type of mutation is t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00923-07
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.10.3168-3174.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen observed in nosocomial infections. Due to biofilm production and resistance to numerous antimicrobials, eradication is difficult. This study evaluated outcomes for monomicrobial S. maltophilia infections. Seventy-six patients were included, with 45 patients on ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00788-19
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.5.1097
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Halothane (2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) inhibited herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication, although HSV-1 DNA was synthesized at normal levels in Vero cells. Viral capsids and extracellular virions were inhibited, and HSV-1 protein synthesis decreased by 50%, although no specific HSV-1 protein faile...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1974-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.9.2440
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need for daily parenteral administration is an important limitation in the clinical use of pentavalent antimonial drugs against leishmaniasis. In this study, amphiphilic antimony(V) complexes were prepared from alkylmethylglucamides (L8 and L10, with carbon chain lengths of 8 and 10, respectively), and their poten...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interactions between bacterial biofilms formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and clarithromycin, a macrolide having no anti-P. aeruginosa activity, were investigated. P. aeruginosa incubated for 10 days on membrane filters formed biofilms on the surfaces of the filters. The biofilms were characterized by dense colonizatio...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.9.1749
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics and protein binding of ceforanide were studied in 15 patients undergoing cholecystectomies. Each patient received ceforanide (20 mg/kg) intravenously on arrival in the operating room, after which serial blood samples were collected during the elimination phase for determination of total and free c...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.27.4.487
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently cloned a DNA fragment containing a gene cluster that is responsible for the biosynthesis of an antituberculosis antibiotic, D-cycloserine. The gene cluster is composed of 10 open reading frames, designated dcsA to dcsJ. Judging from the sequence similarity between each putative gene product and known ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are at high risk for developing permanent sequelae. Intravenous ganciclovir therapy is frequently used for the treatment of congenital CMV infection. A target area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) of 40 to 50 μg · h/ml is recommended. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-04-26 00:00:00