Abstract：
:Herbicidal-mixtures have not been adequately studied in biological systems. Therefore, mixtures of three commonly-used herbicides were evaluated. Alachlor (AL), atrazine (AT), picloram (PI), AL+AT, AT+PI, PI+AL and AL+AT+PI, at 10 ppm (in drinking water) of each herbicide, were provided to mice for 30, as well as for 90, days ad libitum; these herbicides and mixtures, at 100 mg/kg (in corn oil) of each herbicide, were also given to additional groups of mice by oral intubation daily for 21 days. In the 30-day test, the spleen/body weight ratios on Day 31 with respect to the control were increased in the AT (53%) and AL+AT (44%) groups. Decreases in the body weights were noted in the treated groups after Day 31 during the 90-day test. Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase activities with AL+AT+PI were elevated by 36-92% on Day 91; SGPT (34%) and SGOT (73%) activities were increased with AL. During the 21-day oral intubation study, the mouse body weights in the mixture groups were generally lower than the control (p < or = 0.05). The liver/body weight ratios were elevated in all groups (16-38%); the spleen/body weight ratio increased with PI (50%). The kidney/body weight ratios were high with PI+AL and AL+AT+PI (p < or = 0.05). Excluding AT, the pentobarbital-induced sleep was less (51-77%) in the herbicide-treated groups. Also, necrosis of individual and small groups of hepatocytes was noted with the mixtures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Chaturvedi AKdoi
10.1007/BF01146160subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-05-01 00:00:00pages
449-54issue
4eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nesting in the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore and along the Wisconsin shoreline of Lake Superior produced an average of 0.8 young/occupied nest and had an average nest success of 57% during 1983-1988, compared to 1.3 young/occupied nest and 77% nest success in inland Wisconsi...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01065326
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Egg yolk was spiked with p,p'-dicofol (p,p'-DCF) (0.1-2.0 micrograms/gm), p,p'-dichlorobenzophenone (p,p'-DCBP) (0.1-2.0 micrograms/gm), and 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) (0.05-1.0 micrograms/gm). The fortified egg yolk (2-5 g) was mixed with acetonitrile to extract non-fat organic materials....
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01059825
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oceanographic studies revealed the abundance of minute plastic particles in coastal regions. Such particles, called microplastics, are abundant in sizes smaller than 100 µm ESD (Equivalent Spherical Diameter) and can be collected and ingested by planktonic copepods. Those animals are the most abundant metazoans on our...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-019-00676-z
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Red-tailed hawks were exposed to sublethal levels of lead acetate for periods of 3 or 11 weeks. Alterations in the heme biosynthetic pathway were demonstrated after the first week of exposure to 0.82 mg lead per kilogram body weight per day. Activity of erythrocyte porphobilinogen synthase (aminolevulinic acid dehydra...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055559
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Samples of wild rice grains available for sale in Manitoba, Canada contained < 0.01-6.2 micrograms/g cadmium, < 0.01-6.7 micrograms/g lead, and 1.6-14.4 micrograms/g copper. Rice originating from Saskatchewan and northern Manitoba contained significantly higher copper concentrations than samples from Ontario and south...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01141345
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several field studies of selenium-contaminated lakes and reservoirs have indicated the possibility of selenium-induced reproductive failure in important populations of fish. These investigators have hypothesized that bioaccumulation of selenium through the food chain led to fish selenium levels high enough to elicit t...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01160293
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Tinto and Odiel river basins (SW Spain) are known worldwide for their unique water characteristics. Such uniqueness is a consequence of their flow through the Iberian Pyrite Belt (an area rich in metal sulphides) and the mining activities in the basins. A process of sulphide oxidation occurs in this region, which ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0409-6
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article is the first in a series of three that describe the results of a Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) conducted in the Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Area of Concern (IHAOC). The assessment area is located in northwest Indiana and was divided into nine reaches to facilitate the assessment. Th...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-001-0052-z
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The morphological alterations of hepatocytes of female zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio, and fingerling rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, following prolonged exposure to 0.04, 0.2 and 1 mg/L of 4-chloroaniline were investigated by means of light and electron microscopy. Changes in peroxisomes were visualized by cytochemical...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01054986
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Static acute toxicity bioassays were conducted at 20 degrees C and 20 o/33 salinity with CdCl2-2 1/2 H20, K2CrO4, HgCl2, NiCl2-6H2O, and ZnCl2 using adults of starfish, Asterias forbesi; sandworm, Nereis virens; hermit crab, Pagurus longicarpus; softshell clam, Mya arenaria; mudsnail, Nassarius obsoletus; and mummicho...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02097772
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metallothioneins with differing Cd/Zn ratios were prepared in vitro from rat liver zinc-thionein by replacing zinc with cadmium and were injected intraperitoneally to female rats. The distribution of cadmium, zinc, and copper in the kidney supernatant fraction was determined using a Sephadex G-75 column. The distribut...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055143
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 216 otolith samples (89 male, 127 female) fromPomadasys stridens (Forskal 1775), a common fish of the ArabianGulf, were analyzed for the concentrations of heavy metals. Standard length,age, sex, body, and otolith weight were recorded for each fish. Otolithweight from male fish was found in the range of 0.04...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900189
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are a worldwide problem, causing serious water pollution and public health hazard to humans and livestock. The intact cells as well as the toxins released after cellular lysis can be responsible for toxic effects in both animals and humans and are actually associated with fish kills. Two fi...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-005-0122-8
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Marine edible fish samples were collected from two important nearshore fishing sites in the eastern Guangdong Province, China: Shantou Harbor and Haimen Bay. In the mixed edible muscle tissues of marine fish samples, the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocy...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-012-9862-4
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vivo toxic effects of sublethal treatment of 40 and 80% of 48-h LD(50) of topically applied trace metals [copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)] on oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland of Theba pisana were examined. Oxidative individual perturbations were assessed by measuring nonenzymatic (glutat...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-009-9380-1
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The surficial sediments were collected in winter and summer (2015) from the coastal areas of Bangladesh and analyzed for 16 USEPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The total concentration of PAHs (∑PAHs) were 349.8-11,058.8 and 199.9-17,089.1 ng/g dry weight (dw) in winter and summer, respectively. Sed...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-018-0571-5
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Buffalo River Estuary in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed in this study. A total of 60 surface water and 19 sediment samples were collected from 5 sites of the estuary over a period of 6 months (December 201...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-019-00617-w
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persistent organic pollutants, such as organochlorine insecticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were measured in several environmental matrices including aerial deposition, seawater, sediment, and biota in two important coastal wetlands of Hong Kong, China. Specifically, samples were collected from within the...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0166-1
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An investigation into the fate of elements during residential composting was conducted by studying an Envirocycle residential-type aerobic composter unit that was set up and operated at the University of Toronto's greenhouse facility. Source materials consisting of various fruits and vegetables were combined with Metr...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900325
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data from Mixed Flask Culture (MFC) microcosms and fish single species toxicity tests were used to select treatment concentrations for littoral enclosure studies. Selected concentrations were evaluated by comparing the predicted responses to those observed in littoral enclosure studies with a pyrethroid pesticide, esf...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00211627
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers, together with polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (IUPAC Nos. 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) were determined in ta...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-008-9211-9
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is continuing concern that release of certain chemicals into the environment leads to human exposure to toxins, particularly through contaminated ground and surface waters. The triazine herbicide atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamine-6-isopropylamino-S-triazine) is routinely found as a contaminant in many surface and ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-003-3087-5
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Moss biomonitoring technique was applied in a heavy-metal pollution study of Croatia in 2006 when this country participated in the European moss survey for the first time. This survey was repeated in 2010, and the results are presented in this study. For this purpose, 121 moss samples were collected during summer and ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-013-9884-6
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although concentrations of organochlorine compounds (OCs) in birds from most of the United States and Canada have decreased over the last 30 years, there is still concern that migrant birds might be exposed to elevated concentrations of OCs during migration in Latin America. The Lerma-Chapala Basin in west-central Mex...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-007-9124-z
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to determine the spatiotemporal patterns in water quality of River Soan using multivariate statistics. A total of 26 sites were surveyed along River Soan and its associated tributaries during pre- and post-monsoon seasons in 2008. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) classi...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-016-0272-x
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The degradation of ring-labeled 14C-phenthoate in a moist sandy loam and silty clay loam soil was studied. Phenthoate degradation was attributed to the action of extracellular heat-labile soil enzymes which converted to its carbon ester hydrolysis product, phenthoate acid. Thus, rate of phenthoate degradation was grea...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02097745
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposures to airborne metals are known to cause physiological responses in organisms and wide-ranging health effects in humans. Hence determination of metals in particulate matter is important from a toxicological perspective. In the current study heavy metals associated with respirable (RSPM) and nonrespirable (NRSPM...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-3054-9
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chlorothalonil, a broad-spectrum nonsystemic foliar fungicide, is one of the most extensively used pesticide active ingredients on Prince Edward Island, Canada, for blight control on potatoes. In ambient air-sampling programs conducted in 1998 and 1999 and from 2002 to 2004, chlorothalonil was measured in 97% of air s...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-011-9699-2
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arsenic is accumulated by free-living small mammals, but there is little information on the resultant concentrations in different tissues other than liver and kidney. Such information is important because the severity of toxicological effects may be related to the amount of arsenic accumulated in specific organs, and ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0229-3
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Occurrence of traditional (PBDEs) and novel (HBB, PBEB, DBDPE) brominated flame retardants, as well as the natural compounds of MeO-PBDEs, were studied in a shellfish species (Hexaplex trunculus) sampled from Bizerte Lagoon. PBDE and MeO-PBDE mean concentrations in murex soft tissues were 187 and 264 ng g-1 lw respect...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-019-00694-x
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
